Uroderma magnirostrum, W. B. Davis, 1968

Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Phyllostomidae, Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 444-583 : 558

156.

Brown Tent-making Bat

Uroderma magnirostrum

French: Uroderme brun / German: Braune Zeltfledermaus / Spanish: Urodermo castano

Taxonomy. Uroderma magnirostrum W. B. Davis, 1968 ,

“ 10 km E San Lorenzo, 25 ft [= 7- 6 m], Departamento de Valle, Honduras.”

Uroderma magnirostrum was described 50 years ago after a review of the genus Uroderma yielded unmistakable results that there was an unrecognized species embedded in previously collected specimens of the much more common U. bilobatum , with which it overlaps in much ofits distribution. Because of the original description, its taxonomy has remained stable. Monotypic.

Distribution. From W Mexico (Michoacan) S through Central America into South America on Caribbean coasts of Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, and from E slope of Andes in E Colombia, E Ecuador, E Peru, and N & C Bolivia through the Amazon Basin of Brazil S to Rio de Janeiro State.

Descriptive notes. Head-body 58-65 mm (tailless), ear 13-17 mm, hindfoot 9-12 mm, forearm 36-47 mm; weight 12-21 g. The Brown Tent-making Bat is mediums-sized. Dorsal fur is grayish brown to dark brown, and venter is light gray. Eyes are large and dark brown. White lines on face, typical of other stenodermatines, are faint and dull, not as bold as on the Common Tent-making Bat ( U. bilobatum ). White line on back is also faint and even seems absent in some individuals. Dorsal background coloris grayish brown, not gray as in other species of Uroderma . Uropatagium is broad and covered with fur to line beyond level of knees. Face is fully furred, with very long hairs on rostrum behind noseleaf. Ears are small and triangular. Edges of ears are faint yellowish brown. Noseleaf is well developed, with distinct broad, median rib. Most salient characteristic is in the skull, where rostrum is deep and a continuation of forehead, forming a gradual, nearly straight-line slope between crown and tip of snout.

Habitat. Tropical ecosystems from tropical deciduous forests to tropical rainforests up to elevations of ¢. 1000 m. Fewer records of Brown Tent-making Bats are known from the Cerrado, Caatinga, and Atlantic Forests ecoregions. They have some tolerance to environmental changes in landscapes.

Food and Feeding. The Brown Tent-making Batis frugivorous, butit will also eat nectar, pollen, and some insects. Frequencies of 78% forfruits, 11% for nectar and pollen, and 11% for insects were recorded in eastern Colombia. Fruits of Ficus spp. ( Moraceae ), Cecropia spp. ( Urticaceae ), and some Piperaceae are among the main itemsin its diet. A few specimens have been caught with pollen covering their heads.

Breeding. Female Brown Tent-making Bats carry one embryo. Although bimodal polyestry has been suggested as its reproductive pattern, it varies geographically. In some areas, it is monoestrous, giving birth to young at onset of rainy season, but in other areas,it has two birth peaks: one at the beginning and one toward the end of rainy seasons.

Activity patterns. Brown Tent-making Bats roost in tents that they build in vegetation. Tents are of the pinnate architecture where several folioles (leaflets) of a palm left are bitten so that they fold down and form the roost. A tent was found in the palm Astrocaryum murumuru ( Arecaceae ) in south-eastern Peru.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. Mixed groups of Brown Tent-making Bats with one male and two or more females and their young have been reported, and some reports indicate that females segregate when they have young.

Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.

Bibliography. Davis (1968), Lim, Engstrom & Ochoa (2005), Mantilla-Meluk (2014), Mufoz-Saba etal. (1997), Nogueira et al. (2003), Rodriguez-Herrera et al. (2007), Wilson (1979).

Figures

143. Guadeloupean Big-eyed Bat (Charoderma tmprovisum), 144. Little Big-eyed Bat (Charoderma trinitatum), 145. Salvin’s Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma salvini), 146. Hairy Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma villosum), 147. Brazilian Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma doriae), 148. Vizotto’s Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma vizottoi), 149. Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus bidens), 150. Brock’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus brocki), 151. Striped Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus nymphaea), 152. Baker’s Tent-making Bat (Uroderma bakeri), 153. Common Tent-making Bat (Uroderma bilobatum), 154. Pacific Tent-making Bat (Uroderma convexum), 155. Davis’s Tent-making Bat (Uroderma dauvisi), 156. Brown Tent-making Bat (Uroderma magnirostrum), 157. Kalko’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa elisabethae), 158. Melissa’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa melissa), 159. Quechuan Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa sinchi), 160. Northern Little Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa thyone), 161. Southern Little Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa pusilla), 162. MacConnell’s Bat (Mesophylla macconnelli), 163. Caracciolo’s Stripe-faced Bat (Vampyrodes caraccioli), 164. Great Stripe-faced Bat (Vampyrodes major)

Distribution. From W Mexico (Michoacan) S through Central America into South America on Caribbean coasts of Colombia , Venezuela , Guyana , and from E slope of Andes in E Colombia , E Ecuador , E Peru , and N & C Bolivia through the Amazon Basin of Brazil S to Rio de Janeiro State.