Crotalaria chinensis Linnaeus (1759: 1158)

Ninkaew, Sakuntala, Balslev, Henrik, Pornpongrungrueng, Pimwadee & Chantaranothai, Pranom, 2017, Crotalaria L. (Fabaceae: Faboideae) in continental Southeast Asia, Phytotaxa 320 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

9. Crotalaria chinensis Linnaeus (1759: 1158) . Type :— INDIA. Anon. s.n. ( LINN-HL895-8 , cited as neotype in JSTOR Global Plants). ( Figure 30F ).

Herb, erect, 15–37 cm high; young branches terete, brown pubescent. Leaves simple. Stipules narrowly linear, 2–4 mm long, brown pubescent, caducous. Petioles 1–3 mm long, brown pubescent. Lamina oblong elliptic or lanceolate, 1–6 × 0.5–2 cm, base obtuse or cuneate, apex obtuse or acute, margin entire, both surfaces brown pubescent; lateral veins inconspicuous. Inflorescences terminal, axillary or leaf-opposed, capitate racemes, 3–15 cm long, sometimes 1–2 flowers in the upper leaf-axils; peduncle 1.5–12.5 cm long, brown pubescent. Bracts triangular, 5–8 × 0.5–1 mm long, persistent. Pedicels 3–5 mm long, brown pubescent. Bracteoles inserted distally on the pedicel, lanceolate, 5–8 × 0.8–1 mm long, persistent. Calyx 8–10 mm long, campanulate, bilabiate; tube 2–3 mm long; lobes triangular, 6–7 × 1–2 mm long, glabrous inside, brown pubescent outside. Corolla yellow. Standard: claw 1–1.2 mm long, glabrous; blade obovate, 5.8–6 × 5–5.2 mm, base cuneate, apex emarginate, margin glabrous. Wings: claw 0.8–1 mm long, glabrous; blade obovate, 4.5–5 × 1.8–2 mm, base oblique, apex obtuse, margin glabrous. Keel: claw 1.8–2 mm long, glabrous; blade ovate, 6.5–7 × 3–3.5 mm, beak spirally twisted, base attenuate, apex attenuate, margin glabrous. Stamens: filaments fused for proximal 1.8–2 mm, free for distal 2–4.2 mm; anthers either narrowly linear, 0.8–1 mm long or elliptic, 0.2–0.3 mm long. Ovary sessile, oblong or obovate, 1.9–2 mm long, glabrous; style 6.5–6.7 mm long, adaxially white pubescent in a single line along the distal edge, abaxially glabrous. Pods sessile, obovate, 0.8–1 × 0.5–0.6 cm, brown-black, glabrous. Seeds reniform, 2–2.3 × 1.5–1.7 mm, brown.

Representative specimens: — CAMBODIA. No locality, May 1870, Anon. 1002 ( P) . LAOS. Khammouane: 20 October 1938, Poilane 28168 ( P) . Luang Prabang: 2 February 1970, Pottier 639 ( P) . Savannakhet: Ban Nakapong Noy , 15 November 1998, Munzinger 114 ( P) . Vientiane: Phu Khao Khouay , 29 October 1971, Vidal 5584 ( P) . MALAYSIA. Perak: July 1889, Wray 3807 ( SING) . THAILAND. Buriram: 26 November 1976, Phengklai et al. 3453 ( BKF) . Chiang Mai: Doi Suthep , 17 September 1958, SØrensen et al. 5053 ( BKF) . Chaiyaphum: Nong Bua Daeng , 15 August 1972, Larsen et al. 31881 ( AAU, BKF) . Lampang: 30 October 1977, Nasongkhla et al. 360 ( BCU) . Lamphun: 3 November 1925, Winit 1539 ( BK) . Loei: Phu Kradueng National Park , 30 November 2013, Ninkaew 300 ( KKU) . Mae Hong Son: Khun Yuam , 4 September 1974, Larsen 34110 ( AAU, BKF) . Mukdahan: Phu Pha Terb National Park , 21 October 1995, Anon. 1205 ( BCU) . Nakhon Ratchasima: Pak Thong Chai , 18 November 1957, Phengnaren 13 ( BKF) . Nong Khai: Bung Kla , 10 August 2004, Nielsen et al. 1636 ( BKF) . Phetchabun: Nam Nao National Park , 18 January 2015, Ninkaew 316 ( KKU) . Phitsanulok: Thung Salaeng Luang National Park , 25 July 1973, Murata T-17177 ( AAU, BKF) . Prachin Buri: Watthana Nakorn , 17 November 1964, Sakol 143 ( BK) . Rayong: Klaeng , 22 October 2007, Wessumritt 7 ( QBG) . Sakon Nakhon: Phu Phan National Park, Tham Seri Thai , 12 November 2013, Ninkaew 292 ( KKU) . Saraburi: Namtok Sam Lan National Park , 27 October 1973, Maxwell 73-558 ( AAU, BK) . Ubon Ratchathani: Nam Yeun , 11 October 1984, Murata et al. T-52052 ( QBG) . Uthai Thani: Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary , 11 November 1979, Shimizu et al. T-22212 ( AAU, BKF) . Uttaradit: Phu Soi Dao National Park , 19 November 2009, Norsaengsri 6312

( QBG). Yala: Bannang Sata , 28 August 1923, Kerr 7695 ( ABD, BK) . VIETNAM: Lam Dong: Da Lat, 4 October 1924, Evrard 1298 ( P) . Lang Son: Huu Lung , Minh Son, 10 November 1961, Khoi 921 ( HNU) . Ninh Binh: Tam Diep , 9 April 1962, Khoi 920 ( HNU) . Ninh Thuan: Ninh Hai, Nui Chua National Park , 13 January 2010, Djendoel et al. DDS14658 ( P) . Thanh Hoa: Ha Trung , 28 August 1963, Ngoi s.n. ( HNU) . Quang Tri: April 1936, Petelot 6250 ( HNU) .

Distribution: —Asia ( India, China, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia). ( Figure 7 ).

Ecology: —Open sandy marshy places in deciduous dipterocarp and pine forests, elevation 10 − 1500 m.

Notes: —The diagnostic characters of C. chinensis are the triangular bracts, the persistent bracteoles, the capitate inflorescences and the obovate pods.

Figures

FIGURE 7. Distribution map of Crotalaria cambodiensis and C. chinensis in continental Southeast Asia.

FIGURE 30. Crotalaria in continental Southeast Asia: A & B) C. alata; C) C. albida; D) C. assamica; E) C. bracteata; F) C. chinensis; G) C. goreensis; H & I) C. incana; J & K) C. juncea; L) C. medicaginea; M) C. pallida N) C. sessiliflora and O) C. verrucosa.