Bassia eriophora (Schrad.) Asch.

Akhani, Hossein & Khoshravesh, Roxana, 2013, The relationship and different C Kranz anatomy of Bassia eriantha and Bassia eriophora, two often confused Irano-Turanian and Saharo-Sindian species, Phytotaxa 93 (1), pp. 1-24 : 17-18

Bassia eriophora (Schrad.) Asch. (in Schweinfurth 1867: 187).

Kochia eriophora Schrader (1809: 86) . Type:—ORIGIN UNKNOWN. Herb. Fischer (lectotype GOET! here designated); Fig. 11 .— Echinopsilon eriophorus (Schrad.) Moquin-Tandon (1840: 127) .— Chenolea eriophora (Schrad.) Aitchison & Hemsley (in Aitchison 1888: 102).

Kochia latifolia Fresenius (1834: 179) . Type:— EGYPT: Sinai, Thal Hebran , 2500’, Mai 1831, Rüppel, s.n. (lectotype FR!, designated here).

Seedling: ― Cotyledon leaves linear, recurved, semi fleshy, more than half to equal to the primary true leaves, 0.12–0.22 × 0.7–1.1 cm, hypocotyl elongated, up to 1.6 cm.

Mature plant: ―Annual, stem erect to ascending, branching from the base, up to 40 cm, densely villous, pale to greenish white in the young vegetative state, white, pale to lightly pinkish in flower, and sometimes reddish brown. Leaves alternate, ± fleshy, recurved in living plant, villous on both sides, reticulate veins slightly visible; cauline leaves linear to narrowly spatulate, 0.25–0.38 × 2.10–3.75 cm, apex acute, obtuse to rounded, sessile, leaves in branch junction smaller; floral leaves oblong to broadly elliptic, apex ± rounded; venation densely reticulate, with few space between two adjacent/parallel veins, tertiary veinlets not clearly visible. Inflorescence paniculate; flowers hermaphrodite, 1-2 (3) flowers in the base of floral leaves, enclosed in long white and woolly hairs; hairs smooth or with scattered, very tiny spine like projections (under high magnification); perianth connate to 1/2 to 2/3 of the length, with five dark green acute lobes, covered by long woolly hairs; style short with two long filiform papillose stigma; anthers exserted; perianth at fruiting time indurate, with five erect or slightly curved spiny outgrowths, (0.5–)1–1.5(–2) mm long; fruits hidden by woolly hairs; seeds rounded, symetrical, 1-1.6 mm, embryo horizontal, horse-shoe shaped. Fl.- Fr.: April-June.

Typification: — The type specimen of K. eriophora was not indicated in the protologue and in subsequent references (e.g. Hedge 1997). The description of K. eriophora was based on a cultivated plant of unknown origin. In the herbarium of Göttingen (GOET), there is a specimen from the Fischer Herbarium annotated as K. eriophora . The hand-writing of its label is similar to that of A. H. Schrader (see Wagenitz 1982) and therefore can be chosen as the lectotype ( Fig. 11 ). According to a personal communication by G. Wagenitz, cultivated specimens of Schrader are in the Fischer herbarium. Lobin (1999) reported that the type specimen of Bassia latifolia was probably lost; however, it was later found by A. N. Becker in Senckenberg (FR).

Additional specimens examined: ― AFGHANISTAN. Bamian: Kash Rud, 96 km SW Dilaram, Kuh-i- Khwaja Alta, 17 April 1968, Freitag 2441 pp ( KAS!); Kandahar: 20 km E of Kandahar, 1040 m, 6 May 1969, Hedge, Wendelbo & Ekberg W 7617 (E); 60 km W of Kandahar, 900 m, 17 May 1967, Freitag 640 ( KAS); 13 km E Keshkenakhud at the road to Kandahar, 980 m, semi-desert, 31° 36' N, 65° 10' E, 17 April 1978, Podlech 30667 (M); ibid. Podlech & Jarmal 28918 ( MSB); 4 km E Keshkenakhud at the road to Kandahar, 1000 m, 16 April 1972, Anders 8407 (M); 16 km NE Qala Bist, 31°28’N, 64°21’E, 900m, 21 May 1967, Rechinger 34749 (B); Helmand: Shor Ab, on the road Dilaram–Girishk, 980 m; 32° 02' N, 63° 50' E, 20 April 1972, Anders 8611 ( MSB); East Mohamad Rahi Kalay, Jabbar Oza Dasht, S Darweshan, 710 m, 30° 41' N, 64° 07' E, 17 April 1972, Anders 8479 ( MSB); 25 km SE Läse Jowayn, Eastern bank of the lake Jehile Puzak, 475 m, 31° 33' N, 61° 49'E, April 1978, Moh. Rahim 12 ( MSB); Farah: Farah Rud, 32° 48' N, 62° 40' to the north, the road between Shindand and Dilaram, 1150, 24 April 1967, Rechinger 33393 (M); ca. 100 km SE of Farahrod [Farah Rud] on the road from Herat to Kandahar, 850m, 7 July 1972, Uotila 16453 (E).― IRAQ. desert land near Samarra, 19 May 1977, Hossain & Sofaji 92 (B); Basra, Southern desert, Zubair, 30° 20' N, 47° 40' E, 18 March 1957, Rechinger 8627 (B); 2–3 miles south of Zubair, Basra Liwa, Anonymous, Department of Botany, University Herbarium 8494 (E); Ur, Nazirya Liwa, 23 April 1953, Regel 110 (B); Near the border of Iran, between Mandali and Badra, ca 20 km S of Badra, 3 June 1957, Rechinger 9684 (E); Faluja desert, 20 April 1955, Wheeler Haines 110 (E); Kut al-Imara, near the Iranian border, 16 km SE Badra, on rocky sandy area, ca. 33º N, 46º E, 12.-13 April 1957, Rechinger 9216 (E); ca. 70 km South of Mosul along Mosul Baghdad road, 21 September 1978, Mosharaf Hossain s.n. (E).― KUWAIT. 3–4 km from ‘ Jahra 7 km; Qurain 9 km sign board along Kuwait City-Ahmadi road, 29°06’N, 48°04’E, 16 March 1995, Mathew 2512 ( KAS); 11 km from Sulaibhikhat roundabout on Sulaibhikhat-Jahra road, 29° 18' N, 47° 46' E, 21 March 1996, Mathew 2794 ( KAS); Khaldiah, University Sports Field, 40 m, 17 March 1982, Armer 11,007 (E).― PAKISTAN. Baluchestan: 7 miles from Hushab, on way to Awaran, 23 4 1970, Waiser, Raza and Abrar Hossein 823 ( KAS); Makran, Panjgur to Surab 30-50 km from Panjgur, gravel plains, c. 1100 m, 21 April 1965, Lamond 635 (E); Hoshab to Panjgur, c. 20–30 km from Panjgur, 20 April 1965, Lamond 560 (E).― EGYPT. Sinai Peninsula: Wadi Hebran: in rocky mountains, 24 April 1835, Schimper, s.n. ( FR); Thal Hebran, 2500 m, May 1831, Rüppell (Holotype of Kochia latifolia Fresen., FR ).― JORDAN / PALESTINE. In dry salty places near Jordan, Jericho, - 300 m, 31 March 1897, Bornmüller 1376 (B); Jordan tall, April 1900, Warburg s.n. (B); Kaser el Yahud, 11 March 1930, Amsel s.n. (B); Dead sea valley, near Mizpe Dragot, 15 km N of Ein Gedi, slopes and small cliffs of dolomite and wadis, 350 m, 22 March 1989, A. Danin et al. 06.065 (B); in the mountain slopes near Dead Sea, 7 April 1873, Dingler (B); Dead Sea, 1855, Rothii s.n. (M); North of Dead Sea (Maris Mortui), - 394 m, 3 March 1909, Dinsmore 4522 (E); Wadi Araba, 5 km NW of Hatzeva, Acacia tortilis pseudosavanna, 130 m, 17 May 1988, Rilke 1415 (B); lower Jordan valley, env. of Mar Yohanan, broken land, slopes of hills, 18 March 1942, Zohary, Orshan and Grizi 611 (B, E).― IRAN. Bushehr: 14 km Deylam to Hendijan, 50 m, 18 April 1985, Massoumi and Abuhamze 51934 ( TARI); On the salt coasts of Buschir [Bushehr], May 1868, Haussknecht (B, FR, Gott, M); Mohammad Ameri (Med Mery), 1 April 1975, Iranshahr and Termeh 34373 ( IRAN); 5–10 km N of Bashi (S. of Bushir), 10 m, saline flats, 11 March 1974, Davis & Bokhari 56553 (E); Fars: Neyriz, Bakhtegan lake, 1590 m, 2 May 1972, Foroughi 7831 ( TARI); 13 km N Lar, 900 m, 1 May 1961, Pabot 6081 ( IRAN); 18 km Lar to Bastak, 1000 m, 16 March 1983, Assadi and Sardabi 41767 ( TARI); Darab, 125 km road to Bandar Abbas, 620 m, 27 March 1972, Riazi 7829 ( TARI); Hormozgan: 100 km SE Lar, near Sartang village, 300 m, 19 March 1983, Assadi and Sardabi 41950 ( TARI); 110 km Bandar Abbas to Hajiabad, after Tang Zaq Tunnel, 27 June 1995, Assadi 73703 ( TARI); ibid, above the tunnel Tang-e Zagh, 1100–1400 m, 16 May 1983, Mozaffarian 44915 ( TARI); 22 km N Qotbabad, N tunnel, 1000 m, 10 March 1975, Wendelbo and Foroughi 15829 ( TARI); after Ghotbabad, Sirman village, 1100 m, 16 March 2007, Pahlevani and Torabi 47702 ( IRAN); 5 km Siahu, 500 m, 8 May 1982, Mozaffarian 39637 ( TARI); Bastak, Dahang, 350 m, 25 March 1985, Mozaffarian 49710 ( TARI); Kerman: Kerman, in the sandy places, 2000m, 2 May 1892, Bornmüller 4223 (B); 22 km S Kahnuj, 450 m, 21 March 1972, Babakhanlu 22912 ( TARI); Khuzestan: 14 km from Ahvaz to Khoramshahr, 20 m, 12 March 1983, Ruhipur 350 ( TARI); Ahvaz, 20 km towards Hamidiyeh, 2 April 1985, Ghaffari 47164 ( TARI); Omidiyeh, 100 m, 14 May 1986, Mozaffarian 63344 ( TARI); Shush-e Danial, 200 m, 10 April 1972, Foroughi 3150 ( TARI); 10 km Ahvaz to Susangerd, 20 m, 12 March 1985, Mozaffarian 53429 ( TARI); 12 km E Ahvaz, 8 April 1959, Pabot 6082 ( IRAN); 20 km Ahvaz from Susangerd, 13 February 1972, Iranshahr and Termeh 9788 ( IRAN); Minoo Island, 14 March 2002, Eskandari 38003 ( IRAN); 38 km east of Mahshahr in the road towards Hendijan, saline soils around the road, 30° 30' N, 49° 36' E, 9 March 2010, Akhani and Pahlevani 20885 (Hb. Akh.); Behbahan to Omidiye, 350–400 m, 21 April 1974, Davis & Bokhari 55794 (E); Sistan and Baluchestan: ca. 48 km s of Zabol, 8 km S Ramshahr, 30° 38' 54" N, 61° 23' 33" E, 481–492 m, along and around the salt playa and surrounding salty and gypsy hills, ca. 9 km N of Shahre Sookhte, 1 March 2011, Akhani, Noormohammadi and Samadi 22118 (Hb. Akh.); East of Dasht-e Lut, road from Neh towards Zahedan, 31° 03' N 60° 27' E, 15 March 1972, Léonard 5888 ( IRAN); Iranshahr, Bampur, 14 December 1974, Achak 46908 ( IRAN); 25 km Bazman to Bam, 1200–1400 m, 10 April 1977, Runemark, Assadi & Sardabi 22598 ( TARI); 25 km Iranshahr to Khash, Baluchakan, 950 m, 4 June 1985, Mozaffarian 53373 ( TARI); 40– 45 km Iranshahr to Khash, 900-1000 m, 6 April 1977, Runemark, Assadi & Sardabi 22245 ( TARI); 60 km Zabol to Zahedan, 760 m, 25 April 1985, Valizadeh & Maassoumi 1028 ( TARI); Esfandak, 13 April 1974, Iranshahr & Ershad 49791-2 ( IRAN); between Iranshahr and Bam, Bazman, 1200 m, 28 March 1977, Assadi 23024 ( TARI); Kuh-e Khajeh, 500–630 m, 19 February1984, Valizadeh and Maassoumi 1003 ( TARI); Qasr-e Qand, 16 km road to Rask, 450 m, 9 March 1974, Foroughi 10772 (E, TARI); Khorassan: Boshruyeh, between Ali-Abad and Espak, 900m, 12 May 1975, Iranshahr 6608 ( IRAN); 17 km after Nehbandan towards Zabol, along dry river, 31° 37' 00" N, 60° 11' 21" E, 1227 m, 30 April 2011, Akhani, Noormohammadi and Samadi 22067 (Hb. Akh.); 20 km W of Nehbandan towards Deh Salam, near Chahdashi, saline flat and disturbed soils around the road, 31° 13' 23" N, 59° 46' 18" E, 1068 m, 30 February 2011, Akhani, Noormohammadi and Samadi 22048 (Hb. Akh.).― SAUDI ARABIA. Eastern Province: Jaww Dukha, 24º 48’N, 49º 5’E, 1 March 1983, Naylor 339 (E).

Figures

FIGURE 11. Lectotype of Bassia eriophora (GOET).