Peltonotus nasutus Arrow

Jameson, Mary Liz & Wada, Kaoru, 2004, Revision of the genus Peltonotus Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) from Southeastern Asia, Zootaxa 502 (1), pp. 1-66 : 31-33

Peltonotus nasutus Arrow

( Figs. 1 , 10–11 , 17 , 24 , 34 , 45a–c , 57 , 65 )

Peltonotus nasutus Arrow 1910:155 . Lectotype male and 6 paralectotypes (1 female, 5 males) at BMNH; 2 paralectotypes (1 male, 1 female) at MNHN. Lectotype male at BMNH with label data: a) "SYN­TYPE" (round label with blue border, typeface), b) "Type" (round label with red border, typeface), c) " Laos, Vientane" (printed), d) "ex Oberthur Coll. 1908­134." (printed), e) " Peltonotus nasutus, Arrow type ♂ " (handwritten), f) our lectotype label. Paralectotype female at BMNH labeled as male for labels a–d, e) " Peltonotus nasutus, Arrow type ♀ " (handwritten), f) our paralectotype label. Two male paralectotypes at BMNH labeled: a) "SYN­TYPE" (round label with blue border, typeface), b) "Co­type" (round label with green border, typeface), c) " Burma " (handwritten), d) "Andrewes Bequest. B.M.1922­221" (typeface), e) " Peltonotus nasutus Arrow " (handwritten; one specimen of the two lacking this label), f) our paralectotype label. Paralectotype male at BMNH labeled: a) "SYN­TYPE" (round label with blue border, typeface), b) "Burmah 8525" (handwritten), c) our paralectotype label. Paralectotype male at BMNH labeled: a) "SYN­TYPE" (round label with blue border, typeface), b) "Cochinch Or. Kon Heungo RP. Guerlach 96" (typeface), d) "ex Oberthur Coll. 1908­134." (typeface), e) our paralectotype label. Paralectotype male at BMNH labeled: a) "SYN­TYPE" (round label with blue border, typeface), b)" Laos, Vientane" (typeface), c) "ex Oberthur Coll. 1908­134." (typeface), d) our paralectotype label. Paralectotype male at MNHN labeled: a) "Cochinc. Or. Kon Huengo RP. Guerlach 98" (typeface), b) " Peltonotus nasutus, Arrow co­type ♂ " (handwritten), c) "Museum Paris ex Coll. R. Oberthur (typeface, yellow label), d) our paralectotype label. Paralectotype female at MNHN labeled: a) "Cochinch" (handwritten), b) " Peltonotus nasutus, Arrow co­type f" (handwritten), c) " Fig. 1 " (handwritten red ink), d) "Museum Paris ex Coll. R. Oberthur" (printed, yellow label), e) our paralectotype label. Arrow (1910) stated that some of specimens from the original description were from " Nepal " (Lansberge collection). No types were found with these label data. Additional paralectotypes may exist in other collections.

Description (males=30, females=20). Length 19.6–20.6 mm. Widest width 10.1–11.1 mm. Color ( Figs. 1 , 10–11 ): Male and female: Dorsum, venter, and appendages black to castaneous; dorsum shining. Head ( Fig. 17 ): Surface of frons impunctate at base, moderately densely to confluently punctate from middle to apex; punctures simple, unisetigerous at margins and apex; setae rufous, moderately in length. Surface of clypeus densely, confluently punctate; punctures simple, unisetigerous; setae rufous, moderately long or long. Clypeus with apex rectangular, corners rounded, beaded, medially with weak tubercle in male. Labrum weakly bilobed at middle. Mandibles of male quadrate laterally with broad, truncate apex; inner apex lacking teeth. Mandibles of female rounded laterally, inner apex with 2 teeth. Mentum ( Fig. 24 ) with apical half quadrate, weakly notched at middle; palpomere 2 simple, subequal in width to palpomere 1, lacking setae. Maxilla: mala lacking lamellate setal brush; stipes with setae moderately dense, long, not flattened, not curled at apex; palpomere 2 without internomedial bump. Antennal club subequal to segments 2–7. Pronotum: Bead complete at base. Surface moderately densely punctate, lacking setae. Lateral margin unisetigerous; setae long, rufous. Elytral sutural length: About 3.2 times length of scutellum. Elytra: Surface with 3–5 poorly developed, punctate, longitudinal striae between suture and humerus; punctures small (male) or moderate in size (female), moderately dense; apex shagreened. Intervals with similar sculpturing. Epipleuron of female in ventral view ( Fig. 57 ) slightly broader at base than at apex, truncate at apex; in dorsal view expansion broadly developed. Propygidium: Surface moderately densely, unisetigerously punctate; setae short to moderate in length, rufous. Pygidium: Surface unisetigerously punctate; basolateral region rugopunctate, disc sparsely punctate; punctures ocellate and simple; setae long, rufous, most abundant at apex. Venter: Prosternal keel conical; apex projecting ventrally, produced to 1/3 of protrochanter. Legs: Foretibia of male, tridentate; lateral margin lacking short, dense setae. Foretarsomere 5 ( Fig. 34 ) of male about.25 times longer than tarsomeres 1–4 in dorsal view; foretarsomeres 3–4 with apices broadly expanded, ventral apices clothed with dense, short setae. Foreclaws of male with inner claw sickle­shaped, about 5 times thicker than outer claw; outer claw about 1/3 the length of inner claw; empodium bulbous at base. Foreclaws of female 3/4 length of foretarsomere 5, claw angled weakly toward venter. Meso­ and metatibial claws of male with 2–3 setae (mesotarsus) or 3–4 setae (metatarsus). Metatibia of male with recurved apical spurs; ventral spur produced to apex of metatarsomere 1, dorsal spur produced to apex of metatarsomere 2. Parameres: Fig. 45a–c .

Diagnosis: Peltonotus nasutus is the only species in the genus with a complete pronotal basal bead and small tubercle at the apex of the clypeus ( Fig. 17 ). Males of P. nasutus and P.morio share the character of the quadrate mandibular apex and margin of the pronotum with setae. However, P. nasutus is easily separated from P. morio based on the small tubercle at the apex of the clypeus ( Fig. 17 ), punctation of the pygidium (ocellate in P. morio , simple in P. nasutus ), and complete pronotal basal bead (incomplete in P. morio ). Peltonotus nasutus is unique in the genus based on the following characters: small tubercle at the apex of the clypeus ( Fig. 17 ), frontoclypeal suture weakly raised, extending to middisc; pronotal bead complete at base; mesocoxae contiguous or nearly so. Male genitalia ( Fig. 45a–c ) and form of the female epipleuron ( Fig. 57 ) are also diagnostic.

Distribution ( Fig. 65 ). Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Locality records (50 specimens) from USNM, MLJC, FMNH, ZMHB, WADA, MNHN .

LAOS (10): Vaingchan, Xiangkhuang.

MYANMAR (7): No data.

THAILAND (25): Chiang Dao ( Chiang Dao Cave ), Chiang Rai, Khao Leam Dam (130 km NW Kanchanaburi), Pak Thong Chai, Pu Nam Long Hot Spring (100 km NW of Kanchanaburi), Sakaerat (Khorat Province), Sanean Salai (Nan Province), No data .

VIETNAM (2): Ruon Ma Thuoi (=Buôn Ma Thuot?)

NO DATA (6).

Temporal data. January (1), February (1), March (2), April (9), May (13), June (3), November (1).

Natural History. Label data indicate that this species inhabits deciduous dipterocarp forests between 100–800 m elevation. Adults were collected at mercury vapor light traps and from spathes of "large, foetid­smelling" aroids.

Remarks. Machatschke (1972, 1974) recorded the species from Nepal, “ Burma ” (= Myanmar), “ Siam ” (= Thailand), and “ Cochinchina ” (= Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia). Abdullah and Roohi (1969) reported P. nasutus from Bangladesh (“ east Pakistan ”). We did not examine specimens from Nepal or Bangladesh. Based on the distribution of the species (recorded as far west as Myanmar), it is possible that these records are correct. It is also equally as possible that specimens of P. morio were confused for P.nasutus .

In Machatschke (1972) and Paulian (1959), “ P. morio Fairmaire ” appears as a synonym of P. nasutus . Fairmaire (1904) made reference to “ P. morio Burmeister ” from Indochina (La­khon), but this was later discovered to be P. nasutus . Fairmaire provides a description of “ P. morio Burmeister ” and clearly attributes the species to Burmeister. Arrow (1917) stated that this specimen was, in fact, P. nasutus and was probably from Laos. According to Paulian (1959), Arrow’s identification was corroborated by Fredrick Ohaus, a world authority on Rutelinae . Because Fairmaire clearly attributes Burmeister (1847) as the author, we treat “ P. morio Fairmaire ” as a misindentification rather than as a synonym.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of P.nasutus (male).

FIGURE 65. Distribution of Peltonotus species in Southeast Asia and Sundaland.

FIGURES 2–13. Dorsal habitus of: 2–4) P. fujiokai (males), 5) P. fujiokai (female), 6) P. malayensis (male), 7) P. malayensis (female), 8) P. morio (male), 9) P. morio (female), 10) P. nasutus (male), 11) P.nasutus (female), 12) P. vittatus (male), 13) P. vittatus (female).

FIGURES 14–18. Head (dorsal view) showing characters of the labrum, mandible, and clypeus. 14) P.karubei (apex of labrum deeply, narrowly emarginated; apex of mandible rounded laterally), 15) P. malayensis (apex of labrum broadly emarginate; apex of mandible rounded laterally), 16) P. morio (apex of labrum bilobed; apex of mandible quadrate laterally with broadly truncate apex; apex of clypeus without tubercle in male), 17) P. nasutus (apex of labrum bilobed; apex of mandible quadrate laterally with broadly truncate apex; apex of clypeus with weak tubercle in male), 18) P. vittatus (apex of labrum broadly emarginate; apex of mandible obliquely quadrate laterally).

FIGURES 19–28. Mentum, dorsal view of: 19) P. deltamentum, 20) P. gracilipodus, 21) P. kyojinus, 22) P. malayensis, 23) P. podocrassus, 24) P. nasutus, 25) P. nethis, 26) P. pruinosus, 27) P. similis, 28) P. sisyrus.

FIGURES 31–36. Detail of right forelegs of: 31) P. malayensis (showing bidentate foretibia, dorsal view), 32) P.rubripennis (showing tridentate foretibia with basal tooth very weakly developed, dorsal view), 33) P. deltamentum (showing strongly arcuate smaller claw, ventral view), 34) P. nasutus (showing form of foretarsomeres 1–5), 35) P.similis (showing form of foretarsomeres 1–5 and median protuberance of foretarsomere 5 [arrow]), 36) P. adelphosimilis (showing form of foretarsomeres 1–5 and apical protuberance of foretarsomere 5 [arrow]).

FIGURES 43–45. Male genitalia in dorsal (parameres only [a]) and lateral views (parameres and phallobase [b–c]) of: 43) P. malayensis, 44) P.morio, 45) P. nasutus.

FIGURES 56–60. Elytral epipleuron (gray, ventral view) with position of metacoxa of: 56) P. morio, 57) P.nasutus, 58) P. nethis, 59) P. pruinosus, 60) P.rubripennis.