Myrovernix gnaphaloides, Koekemoer, Marinda, 2019

Koekemoer, Marinda, 2019, Taxonomy and reclassification of South African Asteraceae genus Elytropappus (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae), the description of two new genera and two new species, Phytotaxa 403 (4), pp. 248-284 : 273-274

Myrovernix gnaphaloides (L.) Koekemoer comb. nov.

Basionym:— Seriphium gnaphaloides Linnaeus (1771: 481) ; Homotypic synonyms:— Stoebe gnaphaloides Linnaeus (1771: 518) , non Thunberg (1800: 169), non Willdenow (1803: 2404); = Elytropappus gnaphaloides (L.) Levyns (1935b: 94).

Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Herb. Linnaeus 1048.7 (LINN!, holotype).

Heterotypic synonyms:— Disparago gomphrenoides Schultz Bipontinus (1861: 180) Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Zeyher 46 (P!, lectotype, designated here).

= Seriphium scabrum Linnaeus (1782: 391) . Basionym:— Stoebe scabra (L.f.) Thunberg (1823: 728). Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Thunberg s.n. sub THUNB-UPS 20983 (UPS!, lectotype, designated here).

= Elytropappus ambiguus Candolle (1838: 256) ; = Elytropappus glandulosus var. ambiguus (DC.) Harvey (1865: 274) . Type :— SOUTH AFRICA. Burchell 8242 (G-DC!, lectotype, designated here; K!, isolectotype) .

= Elytropappus canescens Candolle (1838: 256) . Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape. Clanwilliam, Ecklon 560 (76) (G-DC!, lectotype, designated here; S!, P!, isolectotype).

Taxonomic note:— Linnaeus (1767: 481) in his Mantissa Plantarum stated that Seriphium gnaphaloides was the same taxon as Stoebe capitata Bergius (1767: 338) . This can, however, not be the case, as Seriphium gnaphaloides has 2–3 florets (which clearly places it in Elytropappus ), whereas Stoebe capitata P.J.Bergius has only one floret.

Woody, generally erect shrubs, up to 0.5 m tall, very distinctly aromatic, terpenoid-resinous. Branches often developing in whorls. Leaves mostly short, sparsely glandular in upper part; spreading to reflexed, up to 5(–8) mm long; glands short, stubby. Synflorescence a narrow panicle, can be variable on the same plant with some spike-like, up to 50(–120) × 15(–25) mm at the base; capitula in clusters of 2–6; clusters short stalked, at least at the base of the panicle. Capitula homogamous, discoid, 4-flowered (occasionally with 2 or 3 florets). Receptacle small, conical. Involucral bracts 14–18; outermost bracts woolly-hairy, glandular, with 1–3(–5) upwardly pointing glands; innermost up to 4.5 mm long, acuminate to shortly mucronate, woolly-hairy. Disc florets plum-red. Cypselas ribbed, with very short hairs on surface. Pappus setae 17–20, barbed in lower part, plumose above, slightly fused at base. Flowering February to May.

Diagnostic features: —Very sparsely glandular leaves, 3-flowered capitula, inflorescence an open panicle.

Conservation status: —Least Concern (http://Redlist.sanbi.org).

Distribution and habitat: — Western Cape. Mountainous areas, plateaus and valleys, 1 000–1 800 m elevations. Figure 12 .

Specimens examined:— SOUTH AFRICA, Western Cape. Van Rhynsdorp, Gifberg rd. (3118DD), 19 March 1996, Koekemoer 1203 (PRE); Nieuwoudtville, W of Nieuwoudtville (3119AC), 3 June 1980, Goldblatt 5518 (PRE); CBS, Clanwilliam (3218BB), Ecklon 560 (76) (P); Clanwilliam, Cederberg, Pakhuis Pass, below Klein Kliphuis (3218BB), 7 March 1991, Koekemoer 583 (PRE); Clanwilliam (3218BB), Zeyher (K); ‘Clanwilliam am Fluss Olifantsrivier und bei Villa Brakfontein’ (3218DB), March, Ecklon & Zeyher 1312 (76.3) (S) and no date, Ecklon & Zeyher 490 & 560 (S); Clanwilliam Div., Olifants River Mts. (3218DB), 16 April 1949, Esterhuysen 15304 (BOL); Piketberg (Bo-berg) Swanswyk farms (3218DC), 1 February 2004, Botha (4)064 (NBG); Piketberg, Versveld Pass to Piketberg summit, Langeberg turnoff to Swaanswyk farms (3218DC), 24 February 2009, Cowell MSBP 3939 (NBG); Piketberg Mt. (3218DC), 25 April 1948, Esterhuysen 14479 (BOL); Clanwilliam, Piketberg Mts., E Levant Peak (3218DC), 1 February 1982, Goldblatt 6508 (PRE); NE of Cederberg, Pakhuis Pass, Klipfontein Rand (3219AA), 24 April 2004, Bergh 1341b (NBG); Pakhuis Pass, E side (3219AA), 21 March 1996, Koekemoer 1221 & 1224 (PRE); Pakhuisvlakte (3219AA), 14 January 1986, Taylor 11469 (NBG); Pakhuis Pass, N-Cederberg, below Mt. Faith (3219AA), 3 April 1987, Taylor 11736 (NBG, PRE); N Cederberg, below Pakhuis Pass along old rd. near TR093 (3219AA), 10 May 1989, Taylor 12073 (NBG, PRE); Clanwilliam, Brakfontein (3219AB), Ecklon SAM16841 (SAM); Cederberg, path up to Sneeuberg Hut from Eikeboom on Algeria and Kromrivier rd. (3219AC), 7 April 2002, Bergh 1002 & 1004 & 1007 & 1008 (NBG); Algeria, Jakarta ogranic farm (3219AC), February 2004, Bergh 1175b (NBG); Algeria, track up to neck between Rooikop and Wolfberg (3219AC), February 2004, Bergh 1177 (NBG); Cederberg, walk up Helshoogte above Algeria campsite (3219AC), 26 February 2000, Bergh 149 & 154 (NBG); Cederberg Pass, between Algeria and rd. to Kromrivier (3219AC), 26 February 2000, Bergh 163 (NBG); Clanwilliam, Algeria Nature Reserve (3219AC), 14 February 1936, Compton 6158 (NBG); Clanwilliam, Cederberg, Sneeuwkop (3219AC), 12 February 1936, Compton 6161 (NBG); Wupperthal (3219AC), December, Drege (K); Cederberg Mts., Algeria (3219AC), 21 June 1942, Esterhuysen 7851 (BOL); Cederberg Mt., Tafelberg (3219AC), 24 June 1942, Esterhuysen 7867 (BOL, K); Clanwilliam, Cederberg, Middelberg Plateau (3219AC), 2 August 1937, Esterhuysen s.n. (NBG); Clanwilliam Dist., Cederberg, Middelberg Plateau (3219AC), 2 August 1937, Esterhuysen s.n. (NBG); Just S of Wupperthal along track to Ezelbank (3219AC), 31 December 2010, Koekemoer 4010 (PRE); Algeria Forest Reserve (3219AC), 7 March 1991, Koekemoer 590 & 591 (PRE); S of Algeria Forest Station (3219AC), 8 March 1991, Koekemoer 594 (PRE); N of Algeria Forest Station (3219AC), 8 March 1991, Koekemoer 595 (PRE); N of Algeria Forest station on Niewoud’s Pass (3219AC), 27 April 1981, Le Maitre 191 (NBG, PRE); Cederberg, central Heksrivierkloof (3219AC), 16 December 1984, Taylor 11188 (NBG); Elandskloof (3219CA), 20 April 1935, Esterhuysen 4886 (BOL) and 21 April 1935, Esterhuysen 4927 & 4928 & 4929 & 4931 (BOL); Cederberg, Duiwelskop (3219CA), January 1945, Stokoe SAM58119 (SAM); S Cederberg, Gideons Kop (3219CB), 6 April 1947, Esterhuysen 13882 (PRE); Clanwilliam, farm Kromrivier, above Kromrivier Pass (3219CB), 9 March 1991, Koekemoer 604 (PRE); Ceres Div.; Schurweberg, N of Bokkeveld Tafelberg (3219CC), 19 April 1954, Esterhuysen 22883 (PRE); Thee River Kloof, S of Citrusdal (3219CC), April 1949, Stokoe SAM 63096 (PRE); Tulbagh Div., Zuurvlakte (3219CC), March 1940, Stokoe SAM57709 (SAM); Top of Dassieklip, Porterville, near turn off to Grootfontein (3219CC), 17 March 1983, Van Zyl 3451 (K, NBG, PRE); Ceres, Skurweberg, rd. NE from Ceres-Citrusdal rd., after Op-Die-Berg, past Boplaas (3219CD), 24 April 2004, Bergh 1316 (NBG); Malmesbury Dist., Zonquasfontein (3318AB), 24 June 1968, Acocks 23971 (PRE); Riebeecks Kasteel (3318BD), 14 May 1931, Levyns 3107 (BOL); Cape Peninsula, Camps Bay, Lower Blinkwater (3318CD), 14 April 1957, Cassidy 180 (BOL, NBG); Peninsula, on Fiskaal rd. above Camps Bay (3318CD), 5 May 1976, Esterhuysen 34292 (BOL); Raapenburg, Mowbray (3318CD), April 1890, Guthrie 447 (BOL); Cape Town (3318CD), 29 July 1933, Humbert 9376 (PRE); Table Mt. along Pipe Track (3318CD/DC), 17 June 1956, Esterhuysen 26022 (BOL); Cape Town to Malmesbury Rd. (3318DA), 9 March 1973, Montgomery 380 (NBG); Klein Drakensteen und Dal Josaphat (3318DB), November to January, Drege (S); Paarl Dist., Modderkloof, Paardeberg (3318DB), 14 April 1981, Hugo 2601 (NBG, PRE); Paarl Mt., N of Nantes Dam (3318DB), 3 April 1962, Kruger M82 (NBG); Paardeberg, between Wellington & Malmesbury, Paardeberg Dam (3318DB), 14 February 2012, Nicholson 843 (NBG); Paarl, Paarlberg (3318DB), 13 June 1962, P. v.d. Merwe 1122 (PRE); Paarl Mountain Nature Reserve, next to Jan Philipsberg rd. (3318DB), 5 June 1992, Swanepoel 2 (NBG); Wellington, Drakenstein Mts., Dal Josaphat (3318DB), April 1881, Tyson 848 (BOL, E, PRE, SAM); Kraaifontein, sand (3318DC), Acocks 4236 (S); Kuils River (3318DC), 11 March 1933, Esterhuysen 4238 (BOL); Stikland (3318DC), 25 March 1935, Levyns 4936 & 4937 (BOL); Penhill, Eersterivier, NW (3318DC), 10 March 1979, Raitt 364 (PRE); Jonkershoek, Josynskloof (3318DD), 11 July 1963, Bos 209 (NBG); Jonkershoek Staatsbos, Die Vallei (3318DD), 20 January 1977, Kruger 235a (PRE); Jonkershoek, Kleinplaas (3318DD), 14 March 1962, Taylor 3200 (K, NBG, PRE); Worcester, Winterhoeksberg (3319AA), November, Ecklon & Zeyher 1358 (S); Tulbagh Dist., Sneeugat (3319AA), 16 April 1960, Esterhuysen 28466 (PRE); On the Witzenberg range near Tulbagh (3319AC), 17 April 1811, Burchell 8653 (K); Nuwekloof, from Tulbagh on the rd. to Gouda (3319AC), 23 March 1996, Koekemoer 1240 (PRE); Ceres Valley, Skoonvlei (3319AD), 19 February 1989, Cillie 51 (NBG); Worcester, Michells Pass, from Ceres along Bree River (3319AD), 8 April 1972, Eicker & students 121 (PRE); Worcester, Hex River Mts., Sanddrift Kloof (3319BC), 31 May 1949, Esterhuysen 15425 (BOL, NBG); Paarl Dist., Du Toits Berg Massif, farm Fisantkraal (3319CA), 21 February 2004, Bergh 1190 (NBG); Wellington Dist., Bainskloof, E of Wellington, Obiqua Mt. (3319CA), 26 April 1981, Brusse 2563 (PRE); Wellington, Bains Kloof (3319CA), 10 May 1941, Compton 10825 (NBG); Paarl, Bains Kloof (3319CA), 11 May 1947, Compton 19497 (NBG); Du Toitskloof, (3319CA), October to January, Drege (K, S); Paarl Div., Klein Drakenstein Mts., Donkerkloof (3319CA), 29 April 1945, Esterhuysen 11558 (BOL); Bains Kloof (3319CA), 13 March 1934, Galpin 12659 (K, PRE); Bains Kloof, E of Hotel (3319CA), 5 April 1974, Goldblatt 1356 (NBG, PRE); Bainskloof, N of toll gate (3319CA), 7 February 1966, Marsh 33 (K, NBG, PRE); Wellington Dist., Bainskloof (3319CA), 13 March 1934, Salter 4356 (K); Worcester, Buffels Hoek (3319CB), 28 April 1942, Compton 13185 (NBG); Near Worcester (3319CB), April 1935, Esterhuysen s.n. (PRE); Worcester veld Reserve (3319CB), 14 February 1963, Olivier 222 (K, NBG, PRE); Worcester, Brandvley (3319CB), Rehman 2400 (PRE); Drakensteinberge (3319CC), March 1877, Bolus 4042 (BOL, K); Berg River Hoek, Franshoek forest Reserve (3319CC), 7 April 1944, Esterhuysen 10086 (BOL, PRE); Paarl, Wemmershoek (3319CC), 29April 1951, Esterhuysen 18590 (BOL); Paarl, Klein Drakenstein Mts. near Salem farm in Montinia (3319CC), 3 April 1931, Galpin 11039 (K, PRE); Worcester, Klein Drakenstein Mts., Upper Zachariashoek Catchment (3319CC), 25 February 1971, Kruger 1133 (NBG, PRE); Franschhoek, NW of the town (3319CC), 24 March 1926, Smith 2645 (PRE); Worcester commonage (3319CC), 21 April 1965, Van Breda & Joubert 1808 (PRE); Worcester (3319CC), 6 May 1947, Van Breda 17 (PRE); Worcester veld reserve (3319CC), July 1934, Van Breda 41 (PRE); Villiersdorp, Farm Kaaimansgat, N of Villiersdorp on dirt track up to ‘Daniel Roux Kampplek’ (3319CD), 21 May 2005, Bergh 1461 (NBG); De Hoek Estates, Saron (3319CD), 22 September 1936, Levyns 5719 (BOL); Hexrivierskloof (3319DA), June, Drege (S); Worcester, between Robertson and Worcester (3319DA), May 1950, Lewis SAM64078 (SAM); Laingsburg, Witteberg (3320BB), 2 July 1942, Compton 13284 (NBG); Witteberg, S slopes (3320BB), 11 May 1941, Esterhuysen 5140 (BOL, NBG); Witteberg (3320BC), 11 May 1941, Compton 10805 (NBG); Konstapel (3320BC), June, Drege (S); Witteberg Mt. (3320BC), 8 August 1933, Humbert 9787 (PRE); Swellendam, Anysberg (3320DA), 21 May 1950, Esterhuysen 17052 (BOL, NBG); Touwsberg (3320DB), 1 June 1956, Esterhuysen 25886 (PRE); Ladismith, Rooiberg Peak, S side (3321CB), 16 March 1959, Acocks 20394 (K, PRE); Ladismith, Rooiberg, TR442, above North Gate on rd. to Bailey Peak (3321CB), 23 April 1977, Taylor 9666 (K, NBG, PRE); Paardeberg, Huis River Pass, Ladismith (3321CB/BC), 23 May 1950, Esterhuysen 17115 (BOL); Rooiberg, farm Dwars-in-die-weg (3321DA), 18 April 1983, Fellingham 433 (NBG, PRE); Roodeberg, pass between Calitzdorp & Van Wyksdorp (3321DA), 10 August 1948, Levyns 8972 (BOL); Above Herbertsdale in Langeberg (3321DD), 12 May 1915, Muir 2062 (BOL, PRE); Swartberg Pass (3322AC), 19 June 1955, Acocks 18272 (PRE); Groot Swartberg, off Swartberg Pass, rd. to Die Hel (3322AC), 10 April 2004, Bergh 1294 (NBG); Oudtshoorn, upper Sebrasfontein (3322CC), April 1979, Bond 1743a (NBG, PRE); Outeniqua Mts., rd. from Robinson Pass to Sebrafontein (3322CC), 5 April 1979, Campbell 13461 (NBG, PRE); SW of Uniondale, on turn-off from Uniondale Poort to De Hoop, Elandsvalley (Elandsdrif) Farm (3323CB), 2 March 2003, Koekemoer 2601 (PRE); Elgin, near Railway Bridge (3418AA), 6 March 1926, Smith 2579 (PRE); Cape Peninsula, Kirstenbosch, N of Windows stream (3418AB), April 1946, Esterhuysen 12764 (BOL, NBG, PRE); Cape Peninsula, Kirstenbosch, at N end (3418AB), 12 May 1949, Esterhuysen 15379 (BOL, NBG); Cape Peninsula, Kirstenbosch, N of Windows stream (3418AB), 3 May 1950, Esterhuysen 16936 (BOL, NBG, PRE); Constantia, Farm Bergvliet, Firgrove Hill (3418AB), 27 March 1919, Purcell SAM90513 & SAM90514 (SAM); CBS, in clivis montis Constantiaberg (3418AB), 29 May 1892, Schlechter 892 (P); Sir Lowrys Pass (3418BB), 29 March 1815, Burchell 8242 (K, P) and 9 March 1983, Meyer 7140 (PRE) and April 1892, Guthrie 2263 (NBG) and 5 May 1896, Schlechter 7816 (E, K, P, PRE, S); Stellenbosch, berge bei Grietjiesgat, zwischen Lowreyspass und Palmietrivier (3418BB), May, Ecklon & Zeyher 388 (S); Gordon‘s Bay, Rhus Street above Mountainside Estate (3418BB), 2 March 2008, Mucina 020308/08 (NBG); Stellenbosch, Somerset West (3418BB), 27 March 1940, Parker 3476 (BOL, NBG); Kogelberg, lower Palmiet River banks (3418BD), 14 May 2000, Bergh 369 (NBG); Kleinmond, Palmiet River Mouth, Bettys Bay side (3418BD), 13 March 1991, Koekemoer 631 (PRE); S Hottentots Holland Mts., Kogelberg State Forest (3418BD), 10 March 1993, Kruger 1016 (PRE); Houwhoek, above farm stall (3419AA), 13 March 2004, Bergh 1202 (NBG); Houwhoek, above Houwhoek Inn (3419AA), 18 March 2004, Bergh 1216 (NBG); Houhoek, Houtech terrain (3419AA), 14 May 1988, Boucher 5429 (NBG); Elgin (3419AA), 26April 1943, Compton 14525 (NBG); Houwhoek Pass (3419AA), 9 March 1983, Cruikshank 7145 (PRE); Houw Hoek (3419AA), March 1935, Esterhuysen 4872 (BOL); Grabouw, above dam on Viljoens Pass (3419AA), 24 April 1974, Goldblatt 1673 (K, NBG, PRE); Swartberg, above Botanical Garden (3419AB), 23 January 2004, Bergh 1101 (NBG); Caledon, baths (3419AB), 26 March 1916, Purcell SAM46165 (SAM); Kleinmond, O van Heuningklip (3419AC), 14 May 1949, De Vos 1374 (NBG); Near Hermanus on the farm Hemel-en-Aarde (3419AC), 1 March 1991, Koekemoer 543 (PRE); Hermanus, farm Perdekloof (3419AC), 01 March 1991, Koekemoer 548 (PRE); Hermanus, Hemel-en-Aarde rd., Babylonsberg (3419AC), 1 March 1991, Koekemoer 550 (PRE); Near Kleinmond on the Botrivier rd. (3419AC), 13 March 1991, Koekemoer 629 (PRE); Shaw’s Pass, S side (3419AD), 20 April 1950, Barker 6116 (NBG); Genadendal (3419BA), March 1935, Esterhuysen 4857 & 4858 (BOL); Near Greyton (3419BA), March 1935, Esterhuysen 4866 (BOL); From Genadendal on rd. to Caledon (3419BA), 30 March 1996, Koekemoer 1266 (PRE); On the Boesmanskloof rd. between Genadendal and Greyton (3419BA), 30 March 1996, Koekemoer 1274 (PRE); Near Greyton (3419BA), March 1935, Levyns 4866 (PRE); Skilpadkop, Riviersonderend Mts. (3419BA), April 1941, Stokoe SAM58115 (SAM); Riviersonderendbergen (3419BB), 13 April 1974, Theron & Students 3334 (PRE); Palmiet River Mouth (3419BD), 17 February 1936, Esterhuysen 5393 (BOL); Bontebok National Park (3420AB), 7 April 2004, Bergh 1269 (NBG); Bredasdorpm Mierkraal (3420CA), 24 April 1897, Schlechter 10507 (PRE); Pipe track near Kloof Nek 3318CD 1 May 1933, Levyns 4239 (BOL).

Figures

FIGURE 12. Known distribution of Myrovernix gnaphaloides in South Africa.