Cacopsylla burckhardti Luo et al.

Cho, Geonho, Burckhardt, Daniel, Inoue, Hiromitsu, Luo, Xinyu & Lee, Seunghwan, 2017, Systematics of the east Palaearctic pear psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) with particular focus on the Japanese and Korean fauna, Zootaxa 4362 (1), pp. 75-98 : 80-83

Cacopsylla burckhardti Luo et al.

( FIGS. 1−2 , 9−10 , 15−21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31 )

Psylla pyrisuga sensu Kuwayama, 1908: 165 ; Shinji, 1944: 448; Sasaki, 1954: 35; Miyatake, 1964: 27, nec Foerster, 1848: 78. Psylla (Thamnopsylla) pyrisuga sensu Kwon, 1983: 42 , nec Foerster, 1848: 78.

Cacopsylla pyrisuga sensu Park, 1996: 272 ; Inoue, 2010: 352 ; Kwon et al., 2016: 134, nec Foerster, 1848: 78. Cacopsylla burckhardti Luo et al., 2012: 62 .

Material examined. Japan: HOKKAIDO: 5 ♂, 5 ♀, SAPPORO CITY, TOYOHIRA-KU, TOYOHIRA PARK, 16.VI.2005, Pyrus communis (M. SAITOH), (NIFTS, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED); HONSHU: 61 ♂, 34 ♀, AOMORI PREF., SANNOHE-GUN, GONOHE-MACHI, ÔGIDA, NAGASHITA (ALT. 140 M), 9.VI.2011, P. pyrifolia VAR. culta (T. MURAI), (NIFTS, DRY MOUNTED, 99.5% ETHANOL); 27 ♂, 26 ♀, 14 IMMATURES, SAME DATA bUT 19.VI.2012, P. communis , (DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 70% ETHANOL); 32 ♂, 31 ♀, 30 IMMATURES, YAMAGATA PREF., SAGAE CITY, SHIMA (ALT. 95 M), 13.V.2015, P. communis (M. TAKAbE), (NIFTS, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 99.5% ETHANOL); 25 ♂, 29 ♀, 70 IMMATURES, IbARAKI PREF., TSUKUbA CITY, FUJIMOTO (ALT. 25 M), 6‒21.V.2004, P. pyrifolia VAR. culta (H. INOUE), (NIFTS, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 99.5% AND 70% ETHANOL); 123 ♂, 143 ♀, 235 IMMATURES, NAGANO PREF., SHIMOINA-GUN, TAKAMORI-MACHI, SHIMOICHIDA (ALT. 560 M), 23.V.2012, P. pyrifolia VAR. culta , P. communis AND P. calleryana (H. INOUE), (NIFTS, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 99.5% AND 70% ETHANOL); 33 ♂, 33 ♀, 5 IMMATURES, TOTTORI PREF., TÔHAKU-GUN, HOKUEI-CHÔ, YURASHUKU (ALT. 20 M), 8.V.2013, P. pyrifolia VAR. culta (K. NAKADA), (NIFTS, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 99.5% AND 70% ETHANOL); SHIKOKU: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, EHIME PREF., MATSUYAMA CITY, HIGASHINO, 22.III.1953 (K. SASAKI), (NIFTS, DRY MOUNTED).— South Korea: 2 ♂, 2 ♀, Gyeongsangnam-do, Mt. Jirisan, 14.vii.1981 (Y.J. Kwon), (NIBR, dry mounted); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Jeollanam-do, GWANGJU-SI, 18.V.1982 (Y.J. KWON), (NHMB, DRY MOUNTED; IDENTIFIED AS Psylla pyrisuga ); 1 ♀, same data but (NIBR, DRY MOUNTED; IDENTIFIED AS Psylla pyrisuga ); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, Jeollanam-do, Naju-si, 18.iv.1985, P. pyrifolia VAR. culta (H.G. Goh) , (NAAS, dry mounted); 3 ♂, 9 immatures, Gangwon-do, Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Bangdong-ri, 8.VI.2013, P. pyrifolia VAR. culta (Y.R. Lee) , (SNU, dry and slide mounted, 95% ethanol); 4 ♂, 5 ♀, Gangwon-do, HONGCHEON-GUN, NAE-MYEON, GWANGWON-RI, 6.VI.2015, P. ussuriensis (G. CHO) , (SNU, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 95% ethanol); 43 ♂, 45 ♀, 51 immatures, Gangwon-do, Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, MyeonggAE-RI, 7.VI.2015, P. ussuriensis (G. CHO) , (SNU, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 95% ETHANOL); SAME DATA bUT 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHMB, DRY MOUNTED); 2 ♂, 3 ♀, SAME DATA bUT 18.V.2016, P. ussuriensis (G. CHO) , (SNU, IN 95% ETHANOL); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, GANGWON-DO, INJE- GUN, INJE-EUP, GAA-RI, SAN 1, 16.VII.2015, (G. CHO), (SNU, IN 95% ETHANOL); 3 ♂, 5 ♀, GANGWON-DO, INJE-GUN, BUK- MYEON, HANGYE-RI, MORANGOL, 38°08'30.96"N 128°16'04.93"E, 550 M, 24.IV.2016, P. ussuriensis (G. CHO) , (SNU, IN 95% ETHANOL); 2 ♂, GANGWON-DO, INJE-GUN, GIRIN-MYEON, JINDONG-RI, GOMbAERYEONG, 38°02'21.61"N 128°28'10.25"E, 1100 M, 24.IV.2016, P. ussuriensis (G. CHO) , (SNU, IN 95% ETHANOL).

Diagnosis. ADULT. GENAL PROCESSES THICKSET ( FIG. 15 ). FOREWING ObLONG-OVAL ( FIG. 16 ); VEINS DARK, STRONGLY CONTRASTING WITH LIGHT MEMbRANE; APEX OF CLAVUS LACKING DARK PATCH; SURFACE SPINULES PRESENT IN ALL CELLS, LEAVING bROAD SPINULE-FREE STRIPES ALONG VEINS. MALE SUbGENITAL PLATE ( FIG. 17 ), IN LATERAL VIEW, SHORT WITH WEAKLY CURVED POSTERIOR MARGIN. PARAMERE ( FIGS. 19 , 21, 23 ) CLAVATE, bROAD, APICAL TOOTH SUbACUTE AND INFLEXED; ANTERIOR MARGIN EXPANDED, POSTERIOR MARGIN SINUATE; SETAE PRESENT ON bOTH INNER AND OUTER SURFACE, SPARSER AND SHORTER ON ANTERIOR MARGIN, DENSER AND LONGER IN bASAL TWO THIRDS OF INNER SURFACE AND POSTERIOR MARGIN. DISTAL SEGMENT OF AEDEAGUS ( FIGS. 20 , 25 ) HOOK-SHAPED APICALLY. FEMALE PROCTIGER ( FIGS. 18 , 29 ) WITH LONG SETAE IN APICAL THIRD ARRANGED IN LONGITUDINAL ROWS; TIP bROADLY ROUNDED. DORSAL AND VENTRAL VALVULAE ( FIGS. 18 , 31 ) DISTINCTLY CURVED.—FIFTH INSTAR IMMATURE ( FIGS. 2 , 27 ). MARGIN OF FORE AND HINDWING PAD WITH ONE AND TWO SHORT CAPITATE SETAE, RESPECTIVELY. AbDOMEN WITH THREE LARGE LATERAL AND THREE MEDIO-LATERAL FREE STERNITES ON EITHER SIDE OF MID-LINE. MARGIN OF CAUDAL PLATE WITH FIVE PAIRS OF LONG SIMPLE SETAE AND THREE PAIRS OF SECTASETAE.

Description OF ADULT AND FIFTH INSTAR IMMATURE bY LUO et al. (2012). MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS SEE TAbLE 2.

Distribution. JAPAN: HOKKAIDO; HONSHU; SHIKOKU; NO RELIAbLE RECORDS FROM KYUSHU.— SOUTH KOREA: GYEONGGI-DO, GYEONGSANGNAM-DO, JEOLLANAM-DO ( KWON 1983, AS Psylla (Thamnopsylla) pyrisuga); WITHOUT DETAILS ( SHINJI 1944, AS Psylla pyrisuga ; PARK 1996; KWON et al. 2016, AS Cacopsylla pyrisuga ); GANGWON-DO.— CHINA (GANSU).

Host plants. Pyrus calleryana DECNE., P. communis L., P. pyrifolia VAR. culta (MAKINO) NAKAI, P. ussuriensis MAXIM. EX RUPR. ( ROSACEAE ).

. # % Cacopsylla ’

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JO(J F ­NF 2 F A N! C,NC 2 C ­N­ FC Remarks. Psylla OR Cacopsylla pyrisuga FROM JAPAN ( KUWAYAMA 1908; MIYATAKE 1964; INOUE 2010) AND KOREA ( SHINJI 1944; KWON 1983; PARK 1996; KWON et al. 2016) ARE MISIDENTIFICATIONS OF C. burckhardti , AS WAS SUGGESTED bY LUO et al. (2012). THE RECORDS OF C. pyrisuga FROM THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST ( KONOVALOVA 1988; GEGECHKORI & LOGINOVA 1990) PRObAbLY ALSO CONCERN C. burckhardti .

C. burckhardti IS MORPHOLOGICALLY SIMILAR TO THE WEST PALAEARCTIC C. pyrisuga . IT DIFFERS FROM THE LATTER, AS ADULT, IN THE PARAMERE WHOSE ANTERIOR MARGIN IS MORE PRODUCED AND POSTERIOR MARGIN IS MORE SINUATE ( FIGS. 21‒24 ), THE APICAL DILATATION OF THE DISTAL PORTION OF THE AEDEAGUS WHICH IS SLIGHTLY LONGER AND MORE ANGULAR ( FIGS. 25, 26 ), THE TIP OF THE FEMALE PROCTIGER ( FIGS. 29, 30 ) WHICH IS MORE bROADLY ROUNDED, THE DORSAL AND VENTRAL VALVULAE ( FIGS. 31, 32 ) WHICH ARE STRONGLY CURVED, AND, AS FIFTH INSTAR IMMATURE, IN THE FOREWING PAD ( FIGS. 27, 28 ) WHICH IS SLIGHTLY ANGLED ANTERIORLY AND IN THE MIDDLE OF THE OUTER MARGIN (SEE ARROWS), RATHER THAN ROUNDED AND ALMOST STRAIGHT.

C. burckhardti , AS C. pyrisuga , IS UNIVOLTINE AND OVERWINTERS AS ADULT ON CONIFERS. THERE ARE NO REPORTS OF THIS SPECIES DAMAGING CULTIVATED PEARS IN KOREA. WHEREAS IN JAPAN, THIS SPECIES IS A COMMON PEST OF CULTIVATED PEARS ( MIYATAKE 1979), THIS IS NOT THE CASE IN KOREA.

Figures

FIGURES 1−8. Habitus of Korean pear psyllids. 1. Cacopsylla burckhardti (adult male). 2. Cacopsylla burckhardti (immatures). 3. Cacopsylla jukyungi (adult female, summer form). 4. Cacopsylla jukyungi (adult female, winter form). 5. Cacopsylla maculatili (adult male, summer form). 6. Cacopsylla maculatili (adult male, winter form). 7. Cacopsylla sandolbaea (adult male).8. Cacopsylla sandolbaea (immature).

FIGURES 9−14. Dry-mounted specimens from Japan. 9. Cacopsylla burckhardti (in summer). 10. Cacopsylla burckhardti (overwintered). 11. Cacopsylla jukyungi (summer form, green). 12. Cacopsylla jukyungi (summer form, yellow). 13. Cacopsylla jukyungi (winter form).14. Cacopsylla maculatili (summer form).Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES15−20. Cacopsyllaburckhardti, adult (from Korea).15. Head, dorsalview.16. Forewing,dashed line represents the surface spinule area. 17. Male terminalia, in profile. 18. Female terminalia, in profile. 19. Paramere, inner surface. 20. Distal segment of aedeagus.Scale = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 21−32. Comparison between Cacopsylla burckhardti (left, from Korea) and Cacopsylla pyrisuga (right, from Europe). 21, 22. Paramere, inner surface. Scale = 0.1 mm. 23, 24. Paramere, outer surface. Scale = 0.1mm. 25, 26. Distal segment of aedeagus. Scale = 0.1mm. 27, 28. Forewingpad margin of fifth instar immature. Scale = 0.5 mm. 29, 30. Female terminalia.Scale = 0.1 mm. 31, 32. Dorsal and ventral valvulae.Scale = 0.1 mm.