Centris (Wagenknechtia) cineraria Smith, 1854

Vivallo, Felipe, 2013, Revision of the bee subgenus Centris (Wagenknechtia) Moure, 1950 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Centridini), Zootaxa 3683 (5), pp. 501-537 : 505-507

Centris (Wagenknechtia) cineraria Smith, 1854

( Figures 1−4 , 29, 30 , 38 and 39 )

Centris cineraria Smith, 1854 . 2: 378 (Original description). Herbst, 1917. 1917: 265 (Cited). Etcheverry & Valenzuela, 1960. 1: 51 and plates N°11 and N°13 (Morphology, distribution, floral records, nesting behaviour, nest architecture, bionomics, figures of nest and larvae). Herrera & Etcheverry, 1960. 1: 64 (List). Vogel, 1974. 7: 124, 152, 155, 211, 230, 245−247 (Distribution, floral records, figure of an adult, bionomics). Batra & Schuster, 1977. 9: 136, 137 (Distribution, nesting behaviour, bionomics). Kalin et al., 1982. 69: 93−96 (Distribution, floral records). Snelling & Brooks, 1985. 369: 19 (Cleptoparasites). Toro, 1986a. 57: 83 (Distribution, bionomics). McGinley, 1989. 494: 12 (List). Toro et al., 1991. 16: 98 (Cited). Rozzi et al., 1997. 132: 174, 176 (Floral record, cited). Camousseight & Barrera, 1998. 25: 78−80 (Distribution, list, cited, floral records). Chiappa, 1998. 22: 90 (Key). Chiappa, 2000. 46: 19, 23 (Cited, descriptive note of cell and morphology of larva). Chiappa et al., 2000. 24: 20−24 (Cited, nesting behaviour, distribution, bionomics, nest architecture, floral records, cleptoparasite, comparison with Centris rhodophthalma ). Alonso-Amelot, 2008. 34: 888 (Floral record, bionomics). Montalva & Ruz, 2010. 35: 45 (List, distribution). Cilla & Rolón, 2012b. 67: 580 (Nest architecture, distribution). Cosacov et al., 2012. 47: 465, 367 (Floral record, bionomics, cited). Espinoza et al., 2012. 85: 506 (Floral record). Rolón & Cilla, 2012. 66: 37 (Nesting biology).

Centris (Wagenknechtia) cineraria ; Vogel, 1974. 7: 151 (Cited). Magunacelaya, 1981. 14: 226 (Cited, systematic note). Neff & Simpson, 1981. 54: 105−107 (Descriptive note, figure of fore elaiospathe). Coville et al., 1983. 56: 117, 118, 120 (Nesting behaviour, nest architecture). Toro, 1986b. 13: 127 (Distribution). Rocha-Filho et al., 2009. 26: 301 (Cleptoparasite).

Centris chilensis neoqueenensis Friese, 1924 . 3: 21.

Centris (Wagenknechtia) cineraria neoqueenensis ; Toro, 1986b. 13: 127 (Distribution). Chiappa, 1998. 22: 91 (Distribution). Vivallo et al., 2003: 81 (Distribution).

Hemisia cineraria ; Michener, 1953. 35: 1072 (Descriptive note of larva).

Comments. A complete redescription of this species can be found in Vivallo et al. (2002), so here are indicated only diagnostic characters for the identification of both sexes of this species.

Diagnosis. Both sexes with integument dark brown on head and mesosoma. Metasoma with bluish metallic reflections. Mesoscutum and scutellum with whitish or light yellow hairs. The rest of the body with dark brown to black pilosity. Female: fore elaiospathe located in the distal half of forebasitarsus, with the secondary comb formed by three giant spatulate hairs ( Fig. 29 ). Hairs of hind elaiospathe not overlapping ( Fig. 30 ). Middle and hind claws simple, fore claws with small preapical tooth. The specimens with southernmost distribution records have slightly yellow pubescence on mesoscutum and scutellum.

This species is similar to Centris orellanai , differing (both sexes) in the coloration of the pubescence on mesoscutum and scutellum (relatively whitish in C. cineraria ( Figs. 1−4 ); light brown to orange in C. orellanai ( Figs. 17−20 )) and by the metallic reflections on metasoma (bluish in C. cineraria ( Figs. 2 and 4 ); relatively greenish in C. orellanai ( Figs. 18 and 20 )). Both females also differ in the hair number of the secondary comb of the fore elaiospathe (three in C. cineraria ; four in C. orellanai ), and in the preapical tooth of the claws of middlegs (absent in C. cineraria ; present in C. orellanai ).

Type material. Centris cineraria : Holotype female ( BMNH, examined). Centris chilensis neoqueenensis : Syntypes male and female (Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany ( ZMB), not examined).

Type locality. Centris cineraria : Chile. Centris chilensis neoqueenensis : Argentina: Neuquén.

Taxonomic decision for synonymy. Roig-Alsina (2000).

Floral records. See table 1.

Distribution. This species ranges in Chile from IV Coquimbo Region as far south as XII Magallanes y la Antártica chilena Region in Chilean Patagonia, and in Argentina from Neuquén Province to Santa Cruz Province. ARGENTINA: ( Herbst, 1921). CHUBUT: ( Cockerell, 1919; Ruiz, 1940; Wagenknecht, 1971; Montalva & Ruz, 2010). Parque Nacional Los Alerces ( Roig-Alsina, 2000). *Esquel. NEUQUÉN: ( Friese, 1910; Ruiz, 1940; Wagenknecht, 1971; Vogel, 1974; Vivallo et al., 2002, 2003; Montalva & Ruz, 2010). Fortín Chacabuco, Ñirihuau ( Vogel, 1974), San Martín de Los Andes ( Roig-Alsina, 2000). Nahuel Huapi ( Vogel, 1974). *Cabecera E. lago Huenchulafquén. RÍO NEGRO: ( Montalva & Ruz, 2010). Alto Ñiriguao, Bariloche ( Roig-Alsina, 2000). SANTA CRUZ: ( Holmberg, 1884, 1903; Schrottky, 1902a, 1903; Montalva & Ruz, 2010). Perito Moreno ( Roig-Alsina, 2000). *Lago Buenos Aires. CHILE: ( Dalla Torre, 1896; Friese, 1910; Moure, 1950; Batra & Schuster, 1977; Toro, 1986a; Chiappa & Toro, 1994; Rozzi et al., 1997; Montalva & Ruz, 2010). IX ARAUCANÍA: Angol ( Cockerell, 1937), Lonquimay ( Ruiz, 1940; Wagenknecht, 1971; Vivallo et al., 2002). XI AYSÉN DEL GENERAL CARLOS IBÁÑEZ DEL CAMPO: Chile Chico ( Toro, 1986b; Chiappa, 1998; Vivallo et al., 2002). VIII BIO-BÍO: Mulchén ( Ruiz, 1940; Wagenknecht, 1971). *Las Trancas, *Quenco, *Termas de Chillán. IV COQUIMBO: (Chiappa et al., 2000a). Illapel ( Wagenknecht, 1939, 1971; Vivallo et al., 2002). Valle del Choapa, Vicuña ( Ruiz, 1940). *Cuncumén, *Las Breas, *Puerto Oscuro. VI LIBERTADOR GENERAL BERNARDO O’HIGGINS: Termas del Flaco. XII MAGALLANES Y LA ANTÁRTICA CHILENA: *Laguna Amarga. VII MAULE: Fundo Bellavista ( Ruiz, 1940). Talca (Hacienda Las Mercedes) ( Gazulla, & Ruiz, 1928; Ruiz, 1940; Wagenknecht, 1971). Reserva Nacional Los Ruiles ( Espinoza et al., 2012), *Curicó, *La Jaula, *Los Queñes. REGIÓN METROPOLITANA: La Obra ( Wagenknecht, 1971). La Parva ( Kalin et al., 1982; Camousseight & Barrera, 1998). Las Condes ( Wagenknecht, 1971). Lo Águila ( Ruiz, 1940). Maipú ( Cockerell, 1919, probable record). Santiago ( Brèthes, 1910; Ruiz, 1923, 1940; Etcheverry & Valenzuela, 1960; Vogel, 1974; Cilla & Rolón, 2012b). *Cajón del Maipo, *Caleu, *El Canelo, *El Manzano, *Farellones, *Lagunillas, *Lo Marín, *Lo Prado, *Los Pinos, *Manquehue, *Quebrada de Macul, *Quebrada del Peumo, *Tiltil, *Vega de Las Vacas. V VALPARAÍSO: Aconcagua ( Ruiz, 1940). Cerro La Campana ( Vivallo, 2000). Limache ( Ruiz, 1940), Casablanca, Ocoa, Rocas de Santo Domingo, Viña del Mar ( Wagenknecht, 1971). *Belloto, *Chacabuco, *Colliguay, *Concón, *Cuesta La Dormida, *El Salto, *Horcón, *Los Andes, *Montemar, *Papudo, *Peñuelas, *Piedras Blancas, *Quilpué, *Recreo, *Reñaca, *Río Blanco, *Río Colorado, *Valparaíso, *Villa Alemana, *Zapallar.

Material examined. ARGENTINA: CHUBUT: 1 female: Argentina Chubut 24 km N. of Esquel 42°51’209” 071°07’507” 2700ft. 20.XII.06 A.-I. Gravel ( PCYU). NEUQUÉN: 1 female and 1 male: 1627\ Argentina: Neuquén: Cabecera E. lago Huechulafquén, sobre Adesmia sp. leg. G. Germán Roitman & Norberto H. Montaldo 11/12/1997 \ Centris cineraria Smith, 1854 Roig Alsina det. 2000 ( MACN). 1 female: 10266\ Neuquén\ Centris cineraria Smith, 1854 Roig Alsina det. 2000 ( MACN). RÍO NEGRO: 2 females: R. A. Río Negro Bariloche 12/ 1964 A. Giai\ Centris cineraria Smith, 1854 Roig Alsina det. 2000 ( MACN). 1 male: Río Negro Alto Ñirihuao 03/ 01/1964 \ Centris cineraria Smith, 1854 Roig Alsina det. 2000 ( MACN). SANTA CRUZ: 1 female: Santa Cruz P. Moreno lago Bs. Aires 12/1982 J. Carreras\ Centris cineraria Smith, 1854 Roig Alsina det. 2000 ( MACN). CHILE: 1 female: Holotype \ B.M. Type Hym 17B.925\ Chili \ cineraria Type Sm.\ Centris cineraria Type Smith ( BMNH). IX ARAUCANÍA: 1 female: VIII R. Angol 05/11/1985 Chiappa ( PUCV). 1 female: VIII R. Angol 05/11/ 1985 De la Hoz ( PUCV). 1 male: VIII R. Angol 05/11/1985 C. Chaparro ( PUCV). 1 female: Malleco Angol 26/11/ 1980 De la Hoz ( PUCV). 1 female: Angol, 23/11/1944 J. Daúdelh ( MNHN). XI AYSÉN DEL GENERAL CARLOS IBÁÑEZ DEL CAMPO: 1 male and 1 female: Chile Chico Aysén Chile 27/12/1960 L. E. Peña ( DZUP). VIII BIO- BÍO: 1 female: Termas de Chillán 27/01/1977 M. Cerda, col\ Coll. Cerda/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 1 male and 2 females: Chillán Las Trancas 15/12/1977 O. Martínez ( PUCV). 1 male: VIII R. Quenco 07/11/1985 O. Martínez ( PUCV). 1 male: VIII R. Quenco 07/11/1985 De la Hoz ( PUCV). IV COQUIMBO: 1 male: IV R. Cuncumén 13/ 09/1985 C. Chaparro ( PUCV). 1 female: Coquimbo Las Breas 17/10/1979 Magunacelaya ( PUCV). 1 male: IV R. Pto. Oscuro 09/1986 C. Tobar ( PUCV). 2 females: Illapel 19/10/1933 ( MNHN). XII MAGALLANES Y LA ANTÁRTICA CHILENA: 3 females: Laguna Amarga Magallanes Chile diciembre 1960. L. Peña ( MNHN). VII MAULE: 1 male: Curicó La Jaula 11/1991 H. Toro ( PUCV). 3 males: Curicó Los Queñes 31/10/1983 F. Rodríguez ( PUCV). 1 male: Curicó Los Queñes 11/1991 Toro ( PUCV). VI LIBERTADOR GENERAL BERNARDO O’HIGGINS: 1 female: VI R. Termas del Flaco 05/12/1982 H. Flores ( PUCV). 2 males and 1 female: VI R. Termas del Flaco 05/12/1982 B. Dyer ( PUCV). 4 males and 1 female: VI R. Termas del Flaco 05/12/1982 Magunacelaya ( PUCV). REGIÓN METROPOLITANA: 1 female: 17.462\ Centris chilensis 1904 Ƥ Friese det\ Chile Santiago 1890 Philippi \ 97292\ Chile Santiago 1890 Philippi col. 3 #MZ 17 962\ Centris (Wagenknechtia) cineraria Smith, 1854 F. Zanella det. 1999 ( DZUSP). 1 female: Santiago Chile \ Centris cineraria Sm Ƥ det D. B. Baker 1980 ( BMNH). 1 male: Santiago Los Pinos 04/10/1970 M. Cerda, col\ Coll. Cerda/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 1 male: Santiago Quebrada del Peumo 21/10/1966 T. Ramírez, col ( MNHN). 1 male: Santiago Manquehue 05/10/1970 M. D. E., col ( MNHN). 1 male: Santiago Lo Prado 07/01/1996 M. Cerda, col\ Coll. Cerda/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 5 females: Santiago C° San Cristóbal 01/11/1952 ( MNHN). 2 males and 1 female: Santiago Quebrada de Macul 12/ 10/1988 M. Cerda, col\ Coll. Cerda/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 1 male: Santiago Apoquindo 09/10/1966 R. Pérez, col ( MNHN). 2 males: Santiago V. Paulina 04/11/1981 O. Martínez ( PUCV). 1 male: Santiago Cajón del Maipo 11/ 1970 L. Alfaro, col ( MNHN). 1 male: Santiago La Obra 19/09/1991 M. Cerda, col\ Coll. Cerda/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 1 male: Santiago La Obra 11/1968 T. Ramírez, col ( MNHN). 2 males: Santiago La Obra 09/1968 T. Ramírez, col ( MNHN). 1 male: Santiago El Manzano 21/10/1970 M. Cerda, col\ Coll. Cerda/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 1 male: Santiago El Canelo 27/10/1970 M. Cerda, col\ Coll. Cerda/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 1 female: Santiago El Canelo 15/10/1933 Ureta, col ( MNHN). 1 female: Santiago Lagunillas 09/10/1969 Moroni, col ( MNHN). 1 male: Santiago La Parva Vega de las Vacas 3000 msnm. 5-7/01/1979 A. Camousseight, leg ( MNHN). 1 female: Farellones 25/09/1979 P. Uslar\ en Valenzuelia trinervis ( PUCV). 2 females: Farellones 15/12/1979 M. Arroyo\ en Amarthophillum cumingii ( PUCV). 1 female: Farellones 18/12/1979 M. Arroyo\ en Sisyrinchium philippii ( PUCV). 1 female: Farellones 19/12/1979 M. Arroyo\ en Adesmia radicifolia ( PUCV). 1 female: Farellones 21/12/1979 M. Arroyo\ en Sisyrinchium philippii ( PUCV). 1 female: Farellones 27/12/1979 M. Arroyo\ en Adesmia conferta ( PUCV). 1 female: Farellones 27/12/1979 M. Arroyo\ en Astragalus curvicaulis ( PUCV). 1 female: Farellones 05/01/1980 M. Arroyo\ en Adesmia conferta ( PUCV). 1 female: Farellones 05/01/1980 M. Arroyo\ en Astragalus curvicaulis ( PUCV). 3 males: Farellones 06/01/1980 M. Arroyo\ en Astragalus curvicaulis 2750 ( PUCV). 2 females: Farellones 14/01/1980 M. Arroyo\ en Adesmia conferta ( PUCV). 2 males: Farellones 24/ 01/1980 M. Arroyo\ en Astragalus curvicaulis 2750 ( PUCV). 2 males and 1 female: Farellones (La Parva) 1970-72 Moldenke ( PUCV). 1 female: 27646\ Chile, Santiago La Parva site. Int. Biol. Program 1970-72 leg. A. R. Moldenke #refers to host & date ( PUCV). 1 male: Caleu Lo Marín 30/09/1984 M. Cerda, col\ Coll. Cerda/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 1 female: Tiltil Caleu 21/10/1986 M. Cerda, col\ Coll. Cerda/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 2 females: Caleu El Roble 07/11/1971 Sielfeld, col\ Coll: Sielfeld/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 2 males: Chile Region Metropolitano Cerro Roble nr. Til-Til 17.xi.01 L. Packer ( PCYU). V VALPARAÍSO: 1 female: Papudo- Zapallar Moldenke, leg ( MNHN). 1 male: Papudo 17/10/1957 G. Kuschel, leg ( MNHN). 1 male: Papudo Zapallar Moldenke ( PUCV). 1 female: Horcones 25/10/1964 De la Hoz ( PUCV). 6 males: Reñaca 27/09/1964 H. Toro ( PUCV). 1 male: Reñaca 11/1964 Dazarola ( PUCV). 1 male and 1 female: Reñaca 11/1964 J. Rocca ( PUCV). 1 female: Montemar 10/1957 ( MHNV). 1 male: Montemar 09/1957 ( MHNV). 1 female: Recreo 24/10/1965 Solervicens ( PUCV). 4 males and 2 females: Viña del Mar Salinas 21/10/1951 M. Cerda, col\ Coll. Cerda/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 1 male: Viña del Mar 10/1965 ( MHNV). 5 males: El Salto 18/10/1962 N. Hiching ( PUCV). 2 males: El Salto 09/1957 ( MHNV). 1 male: Valparaíso 07/11/1958 H. Toro G. ( PUCV). 1 male: Valparaíso 09/11/1958 H. Toro G. ( PUCV). 1 male: Valparaíso Reed ( MNHN). 2 females: Peñuelas 01/11/1963 E. Cruzat P. ( PUCV). 1 male and 3 females: Cº Roble Moldenke ( PUCV). 1 female: 35189\ Chile Pr. Valparaíso & Santiago Cerro Roble Int. Biol. Program site leg. A. R. Moldenke #refers to host & date ( PUCV). 1 male: Concón 05/10/1958 H. Toro G. ( PUCV). 1 male: Piedras Blancas 12/10/1965 Solervicens ( PUCV). 1 male and 1 female: Colliguay 10/1964 J. Rocca ( PUCV). 3 males: Colliguay 18-20/09/1970 F. Rojas, col ( MNHN). 1 male: Colliguay 15/09/1970 ( MNHN). 4 males: Colliguay 10/1964 De la Hoz ( PUCV). 1 male: Colliguay 18/10/1964 Chiappa ( PUCV). 1 male: Colliguay 18/10/1964 V. Cabezas ( PUCV). 3 males: Colliguay 18/10/1964 Rojas ( PUCV). 6 males: Colliguay 18/10/1964 H. Toro ( PUCV). 1 male: Colliguay 25/10/1964 L. Ruz ( PUCV). 2 males: Cc\ Chile Region V Colliguay Los Yuyos 6.X.00 L. Packer ( PCYU). 1 male: Quilpué 09/1960 M-Klug D. ( PUCV). 1 Male: Quilpué 10/1960 M. Guzmán ( PUCV). 1 male: Quilpué 20/09/1980 A. Schwalm ( PUCV). 1 male: Quilpué 08/10/1967 L. Ruz ( PUCV). 2 males: Quilpué 08/10/1967 Dazarola ( PUCV). 1 male: Quilpué 09/1957 ( MHNV). 1 male: Villa Alemana 01/10/1961 Solervicens ( PUCV). 1 male: Villa Alemana 17/10/1963 J. Solervicens ( PUCV). 1 male: Villa Alemana 21/10/ 1963 J. Solervicens ( PUCV). 1 male: Belloto 10/1963 Dazarola ( PUCV). 1 male: Belloto 25/09/1964 M. Aravena ( PUCV). 7 males and 3 females: Cuesta La Dormida Moldenke ( PUCV). 1 male: Cuesta La dormida Moldenke, leg ( MNHN). 1 male: Limache 14/12/1925 F. Ruiz, col ( MNHN). 2 females: Limache 02/01/1935 ( MNHN). 1 male: Los Andes Río Colorado 2300 msnm. 01/11/1971 Sielfeld, col\ Coll: Sielfeld/ MNHN Chile ( MNHN). 1 male: Los Andes 18/08/1958 ( PUCV). 1 male: Los Andes 16/09/1958 ( PUCV). 4 males: Los Andes 17/09/1958 ( PUCV). 3 males: Los Andes 18/09/1958 H. Toro G. ( PUCV). 1 male: Los Andes 19/09/1958 R. de Toro ( PUCV). 1 male: Los Andes 17/11/1958 R. de Toro ( PUCV). 1 male: Los Andes Chacabuco 09/1959 ( MHNV). 1 male: Río Blanco 12/ 1969 Montenegro ( PUCV). 2 males: Río Blanco 03/10/1975 E. De la Hoz ( PUCV).

Figures

FIGURE 39. Distribution records for Centris cineraria Smith, 1854 and C. muralis Burmeister, 1876.

FIGURES 1 – 4. Centris cineraria Smith, 1854. Fig. 1. Female (Viña del Mar, Chile): Head, frontal view. Fig. 2. Habitus, lateral view. Fig. 3. Male (Viña del Mar, Chile): Head, frontal view. Fig. 4. Habitus, lateral view. Scale bars 1 mm.

FIGURES 29 – 34. Oil-collecting structures. Figs. 29, 31 and 33. Fore elaiospathes. Figs. 30, 32 and 34. Hind elaiospathes. Figs. 29 and 30. Centris cineraria Smith, 1854. Scale bars 500 µm. Figs. 31 and 32. Centris moldenkei Toro & Chiappa, 1989. Scale bars 200 µm. Figs. 33 and 34. Centris vardyorum Roig-Alsina, 2000. Scale bars 500 µm.

FIGURES 35 – 38. Figs. 35 and 36. Centris orellanai Ruiz, 1940 (Neotype female): Fig. 35. Basitibial plate. Fig. 36. Pygidial plate. Fig. 37. Centris muralis Burmeister, 1876: Basitibial plate. Fig. 38. Centris cineraria Smith, 1854: Male genital capsule (dorsal view). Scale bars 0. 5 mm.

FIGURES 17 – 20. Centris orellanai Ruiz, 1940. Fig. 17. Female (Neotype female: Los Andes, Chile): Head, frontal view. Fig. 18. Habitus, lateral view. Fig. 19. Male (Baños del Toro, Chile): Head, frontal view. Fig. 20. Habitus, lateral view. Scale bars 1 mm.