Planaltininae Oliveira and Souza

Melo, Bruno F, Ota, Rafaela P, Benine, Ricardo C, Carvalho, Fernando R, Lima, Flavio C T, Mattox, George M T, Souza, Camila S, Faria, Tiago C, Reia, Lais, Roxo, Fabio F, Valdez-Moreno, Martha, Near, Thomas J & Oliveira, Claudio, 2024, Phylogenomics of Characidae, a hyper-diverse Neotropical freshwater fish lineage, with a phylogenetic classification including four families (Teleostei: Characiformes), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 202 (1), pp. 1-37 : 10-11

Planaltininae Oliveira and Souza , new subfamilp

ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:06E06366-6662-4FB0-AF63-6CD306320A2B .

Type genus: Planaltina Böhlke, 1954 .

Included genera: Lepidocharax Ferreira et al., 2011 and Planaltina .

Definition: The least inclusive crown clade that contains Planaltina myersi Böhlke, 1954 and Lepidocharax diamantina Ferreira et al., 2011 . This is a minimum-crown-clade definition. See Figure 3 for a reference phylogeny of Planaltininae .

Etymology: Planaltina , Goiás, Brazil is the type locality of Planaltina myersi .

Remarks: Previous authors proposed that Planaltina is more closely related to Acrobrycon and Diapoma and is a sublineage of the Diapomini (Weitzman and Menezes 1998, Thomaz et al. 2015). Alternatively, Mirande (2019) proposed Creagrutini as containing Carlastyanax Géry, 1972 , Creagrutus Günther, 1864 , Microgenys , Lepidocharax , and Planaltina . Ferreira et al. (2021) placed Lepidocharax and Planaltina in Diapomini as the sistergroup of the remaining genera and identified 11 morphological synapomorphies for the clade. The UCE phylogeny resolves

Planaltina and Lepidocharax as a monophyletic group and the sister-lineage of a clade containing Creagrutinae and Diapominae ( Fig. 3); thus, we describe a new subfamily Planaltininae that contains Lepidocharax and Planaltina . Species of Planaltininae are endemic to the Brazilian Shield in upland river systems of the Paraná, São Francisco, Paraguaçu, and Tocantins ( Fig. 3).