Creagrutinae Miles, 1943

Melo, Bruno F, Ota, Rafaela P, Benine, Ricardo C, Carvalho, Fernando R, Lima, Flavio C T, Mattox, George M T, Souza, Camila S, Faria, Tiago C, Reia, Lais, Roxo, Fabio F, Valdez-Moreno, Martha, Near, Thomas J & Oliveira, Claudio, 2024, Phylogenomics of Characidae, a hyper-diverse Neotropical freshwater fish lineage, with a phylogenetic classification including four families (Teleostei: Characiformes), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 202 (1), pp. 1-37 : 11

Creagrutinae Miles, 1943 , new usage

Type genus Creagrutus Günther, 1864 .

Included genera: Caiapobrycon Malabarba and Vari, 2000 , Creagrutus , and Microgenys . Not sampled: Carlastyanax .

Definition: The least inclusive crown clade that contains Creagrutus muelleri (Günther 1859) , Caiapobrycon tucurui Malabarba and Vari, 2000 , and Microgenys minuta Eigenmann, 1913 . This is a minimum-crown-clade definition. See Figure 3 for a reference phylogeny of Creagrutinae. Although not included in the reference phylogeny, Creagrutus muelleri resolves in a clade with other species of Creagrutus in a phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters (Vari and Harlod 2001).

Etymology: From the ancient Greek κΡεάγΡευτος (kɹˈiːɡɹuːtˈɑːs) meaning tearing off flesh.

Remarks: Mirande et al. (2013) and Thomaz et al. (2015) resolved a clade containing Creagrutus and Carlastyanax . Mirande (2019) later expanded Creagrutini to include Planaltina , Lepidocharax , and Microgenys with two subclades: one with L. burnsi Ferreira et al., 2011 and P. britskii Menezes et al., 2003 (see Planaltininae ), and the second containing Microgenys , Carlastyanax , and Creagrutus . Ferreira et al. (2021) delimited Creagrutini to include Carlastyanax , Creagrutus , and Microgenys that was supported with 12 morphological synapomorphies. Our UCE phylogeny resolves Microgenys as the sister-lineage of a paraphyletic Creagrutus ( Fig. 3). Caiapobrycon tucurui is nested within Creagrutus ( Fig. 3). We delimit Creagrutinae to include the genera Caiapobrycon , Creagrutus , Microgenys , and Carlastyanax .