Anthalona brandorffi (Sinev & Hollwedel, 2002 )

Sousa, Francisco Diogo R., Elmoor-Loureiro, Lourdes M. A., Debastiani-Júnior, José Roberto, Mugnai, Riccardo & Senna, André, 2015, New records of Anthalona acuta Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont 2011 and Anthalona brandorffi (Sinev & Hollwedel, 2002) in Brazil, with description of a new species of the simplex - branch (Crustacea: Cladocera: Chydoridae), Zootaxa 4044 (2), pp. 224-240 : 227-228

Anthalona brandorffi (Sinev & Hollwedel, 2002)

(Figs 2, 6B)

Alona verrucosa (partim) in Sousa & Elmoor-Loureiro (2008); Sousa et al. (2009), p. 103.

Anthalona verrucosa (partim) in Sousa & Elmoor-Loureiro (2012), p. 356; Sousa et al. (2013), p. 226.

Type locality. Small water body beside the road BR 174 Boa Vista – Caracaraí, 43 km southwest of Boa Vista, Brazil (Sinev & Hollwedel 2002).

Holotype. Instituto National de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil, under accession number INPA 808.

Material examined. Distrito Federal. Two parthenogenetic females from Bonita pond (15°35'22.1" S, 47°41'50.1”W), Ecological Station of Águas Emendadas, Planaltina, Distrito Federal, Brazil, collected by GEEA on 27.05.2008. Fourteen parthenogenetic females and one ephippial female from Henrique pond (15°41'16.5"S, 47°56'22.2"W), Brasília National Park, Distrito Federal, Brazil, collected by LMAEL (EL00723, EL01716) and GEEA.

Goiás. Two parthenogenetic females from Capivaras pond (18°16.245'S, 52°50.529'W), Emas National Park, Mineiros, Goiás, Brazil, collected by Guilherme Miranda on 0 9.12.2000, (EL00728). Two parthenogenetic females from Feia Pond (15°34'25.05"S, 47°18'9.00"W), Instruction Field of the Brazilian Army, Formosa, Goiás, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 12.12.2009 (EL02511). Thirty parthenogenetic females from Cabloca II pond (15º48'22.6''S, 47º14'10.6''W), Instruction Field of the Brazilian Army, Formosa, Goiás, Brazil, collected by GEEA on December/2009. Two parthenogenetic females from Estiva stream (14°06'40,3"S, 47°44'02,2"W), Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Alto Paraíso, Goiás, Brazil, collected by GEEA on 13.03.2013, (EL02377). One parthenogenetic female from a pond at Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park (14°04'26,5"S, 47°39'40,7"W), Alto Paraíso, Goiás, Brazil, collected by GEEA on 14.03.2013 (EL2512).

Ceará. One parthenogenetic female from a lagoon at Pecém (3°33’22”S, 38°49’26”W), São Gonçalo do Amarante, Ceará, Brazil, collected by Maria Beatriz Gomez e Souza on 18.12.2007.

FIGUR 2. Anthalona brandorffi (Sinev & Hollwedel, 2002) , parthenogenetic female from Bonita Pond, Distrito Federal, Brazil. A, lateral view. B, lateral head pore. C, labral keel. D, postabdomen. E, limb I, IDL. F, limb II, scraper 1 and exopodite. G, limb II, scraper 7–8 and gnathobase. Abbreviations in Material and Methods. Scale bars = 50 µm.

Comments. One short seta on the exopodite of limb II (Fig 2F). Morphology of the IDL setae (Fig 2E), number of setae on the filter comb of limb II (Fig 2G), and morphology of scraper 8 (Fig 2G), as observed by Van Damme et al. (2011). However, the anal margin of the postabdomen is concave, not straight (Fig 2D), and the seventh scraper on limb II has no denticles (Fig 2G). Anthalona brandorffi has also a variation on the labral keel and spinulae at the base of the postabdominal claw; some individuals of the populations from Central Brazil had a small denticle on the labral keel (Fig 2C) as observed in A. acuta and A. verrucosa (Van Damme et al. 2011) . A spinule on the base of the postabdominal claw longer than the basal spine was observed in the studied populations (Fig 2D), which had not been previously observed in any other species of Anthalona (see Van Damme et al. 2011; Sinev & Kotov 2012). Anthalona brandorffi may be confused with A. verrucosa , but differs in carapace setae (in A. brandorffi the posterior setae are long) and postabdomen ( A. brandorffi has long lateral spinules on the postanal fascicles). Besides that, scrapers 7–8 are strongly modified and different from those in other species of Anthalona (for morphology of A. verrucosa , see Van Damme et al. 2011).

Distribution and ecology. Anthalona brandorffi has a wide geographical distribution in the Neotropics ( Fig 6 B). The range of the species goes from Central America to Central Brazil. Records of A. verrucosa from southern South America need to be checked, since the two species may have been confused. In Bonita pond we observed A. brandorffi , A. acuta and A. verrucosa coexisting in the macrophytes from the family Cyperaceae Juss. and Pontederiaceae Kunth beds. Thus, A. brandorffi may coexist with other South American species of the genus.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Geographical distribution of four species of Anthalona in the Neotropics. A, Anthalona acuta Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont, 2011. B, Anthalona brandorffi (Sinev & Hollwedel, 2002). C, Anthalona verrucosa verrucosa (Sars, 1901). D, Anthalona neotropica sp. nov. Black circles are previous records in Van Damme et al. (2011) and Sinev & Hollwedel (2002). White circles are records observed in this study.