Lasioglossum (Dialictus) aureoviride Landaverde-González & Husemann, 2023

Landaverde-González, Patricia, Gardner, Joel, Moo-Valle, Humberto, Quezada-Euán, José Javier G., Ayala, Ricardo & Husemann, Martin, 2023, Seven new species of Lasioglossum (Dialictus) Robertson, 1902 (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Halictini) from the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico, European Journal of Taxonomy 862 (1), pp. 1-65 : 32-37

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) aureoviride Landaverde-González & Husemann sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C0BCD1CE-12B0-4363-AD44-D4B628683ACC

Figs 5E–F , 6E , 15–16 , 28B , 32A , 35A

Diagnosis

Females of L. (Dialictus) aureoviride sp. nov. can be recognised by the diagnostic combination of tegula enlarged (reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view or nearly so and tegula width/ITS 0.21–0.24), with inner posterior margin straight, and scattered minute punctures (i ≥ 1.5 pd), becoming moderately dense on posterior margin (i = 1–2 pd) but still inconspicuous, smaller than those of mesoscutum; mesepisternum very densely punctate (i <0.5 pd); mesoscutum weakly tessellate and sparsely punctate between parapsidal lines (i = 1–3 pd) and with dense plumose setae about 1 OD long (all setae less than half their length from each other in lateral view); supraclypeal area sparsely punctate (i = 1–3 pd); metapostnotum dull with shallow rugae blending into finely reticulate background microsculpture; T2–T3 apical impressed areas evenly covered with minute punctures and fine setae. Males may be recognised by the same characters, except the tegula is often more distinctly, but still sparsely punctate (i = 1–3 pd) and the T2–T3 apical impressed areas are impunctate.

Differential diagnosis

Both sexes of Lasioglossum (Dialictus) aureoviride sp. nov. are most similar to Lasioglossum (Dialictus) paxtoni sp. nov., Lasioglossum (Dialictus) yucatanense sp. nov., to species within the L. stictaspis species complex and L. paralepidii sp. nov., all found on the Yucatán Peninsular, the subtropical Florida species L. lepidii (Graenicher, 1927) , and some possible undescribed species occurring in other parts of Mexico. Both sexes of all of these undescribed Mexican species have the tegula more distinctly and densely punctate (i = 1–3 pd in females, i ≤ 1 pd in males) and the metapostnotum shiny with strong, coarse rugae. Both sexes of L. paralepidii and L. lepidii also have the mesoscutum densely punctate (i ≤ 0.5–1 pd), becoming moderately sparse submedially and anteromedially (i = 1–2 pd), and both sexes of L. paralepidii have the supraclypeal area shiny and very densely punctate (i ≤ 0.5–1 pd). For differences between L. (D.) aureoviride and L. (D.) paxtoni see above in the diagnosis for the latter. For differences between L. (D.) aureoviride and L. (D.) yucatanense see above in the diagnosis for the latter. For differences between L. (D.) aureoviride and the species of the L. stictaspis species complex see above in the diagnosis for that complex.

Etymology

The specific epithet ‘ aureoviride ’ is a combination of the Latin adjectives ‘ aureum ’ (‘golden’) and ‘ viride ’ (‘green’), referring to the presence of both colours on the thorax.

Type material

Holotype MEXICO - Yucatán • ♀; Tixcuytún ; [20.2061° N, 89.1549° W]; 7 Jun. 2011; Quezada-Euán and MooValle leg.; original label 490d; UNAM.

Paratypes MEXICO – Quintana Roo • 1 ♀; 12 km NW of Reforma ; [18.89° N, 88.65° W]; 14 Oct. 1986; Charles D. Michener leg.; SEMC SM0753056 • 1 ♀; 49 km NE of Felipe Carrillo Puerto ; [19.89° N, 87.71° W]; 11 Oct. 1986; Charles D. Michener leg.; SEMC • 6 ♂♂; Xcan ; [20.87° N, 87.6° W]; 31 Jul. 1962; A. B. Amerson Jr. leg.; SEMC . – Yucatán • 1 ♂; 6 km E of Uxmal ; [20.36° N, 89.71° W]; 6 Apr. 1997; R.W. Brooks leg.; ex Vitex gaumeri ; SEMC SM0106177 (photographed) • 1 ♀; Alfonso Caso ; 20.084° N, 89.1609° W; 25 Oct. 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; ZMH 842058 • 1 ♂; Xmatkuil , 15 km S of Mérida; [20.86° N, 89.62° W]; 13 Feb. 1987; Charles D. Michener leg.; SEMC • 2 ♀♀; ChichénItzá Ruins (near Piste ); [20.68° N, 88.57° W]; 15 Feb. 1987; Charles D. Michener leg.; SEMC • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; SEMC • 1 ♀; Dzibichaltún ; [21.1° N, 89.6° W]; 13 Jan. 1976; L. Greenberg leg.; SEMC • 4 ♀♀; Kabah , 25 km SW of Ticul; [20.25° N, 89.65° W]; 14 Feb. 1987; Charles D. Michener leg.; SEMC • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 14 Feb. 1987; Charles D. Michener leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀; Mérida ; [20.97° N, 89.59° W]; Nov. 1961; N.L.H. Krauss leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀; Mérida ; 20.9678° N, 89.5928° W; 19 Oct. 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; ZMH 839501 • 5 ♀♀; Mérida , 15 km S of University of Yucatán; [20.83° N, 89.62° W]; 7 Apr. 1997; R.W. Brooks leg.; ex Piscidia piscipula ; SEMC SM0105911 , SM0105919 , SM0105921 , SM0105923 , SM0105927 • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; SEMC SM0105912 , SM0105913 , SM0105920 • 2 ♀♀; Yaxnic ; [20.79° N, 89.62° W]; 8 Apr. 1997; R.W. Brooks, H. Delphin, H. Contreras and U. Mao leg.; ex Acacia pennatula ; SEMC SM0105951 , SM0106219 • 4 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; SEMC SM0106222 , SM0106227 , SM0106247 , SM0106248 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; ex Porophyllum punctatum ; SEMC SM0106360 .

Other material examined

MEXICO - Yucatán • 1 ♀; Mérida ; [20°58′04.05″ N, 89°35′33.93″ W]: 19 Oct. 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 622d1; ZMH 839506 • 1 ♀; Moctezuma ; [21°24′46.2″ N, 87°42′05.7″ W]; 30 May 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 149; ZMH 842038 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; original label 157; ZMH 842039 • 1 ♀; San Pedro Bacab ; [21°18′04.9″ N, 87°38′24.8″ W]; 31 May 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 175; ZMH 842041 • 1 ♀; San Pedro Bacab ; [21°18′04.9″ N, 87°38′24.8″ W]; 31 May 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 176; ZMH 842042 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; original label 181; ZMH 842043 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; original label 188; ZMH 842044 • 1 ♀; Rancho Alegre ; [21°18′26.7″ N, 87°46′29.6″ W]; 13 Aug. 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 219; ZMH 842045 • 1 ♀; Nenela ; [20°20′10.90″ N, 89°1′19.20″ W]; 25 Oct. 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 342b; ZMH 842047 • 1 ♀; Tixcuytun ; [20°12′21.80″ N, 89°09′17.50″ W]; 7 Jun. 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 489e; ZMH 842048 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding;original label 490; ZMH 842049 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding;original label 491c; ZMH 842050 • 1 ♀; Muna ; [20°28′15.7″ N, 89°46′53.5″ W]; 22 Jul. 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 546; ZMH 842051 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; original label 564; ZMH 842053 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; original label 570d; ZMH 842054 • 1 ♀; Yaxcopil ; [20°4′4.10″ N, 88°54′23.80″ W]; 1 Aug. 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 603c; ZMH 842055 • 1 ♀; Mérida ; [20°58′04.05″ N, 89°35′33.93″ W]; 19 Oct. 2011; QuezadaEuán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 622a; ZMH 842057 • 1 ♀; San Pedro Bacab ; [21°18′04.9″ N, 87°38′24.8″ W]; 31 May 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 172; ZMH 842040 • 1 ♀; Xaya , [20°16′51.70″ N, 89°11′28.70″ W]; 5 Aug. 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 621; ZMH 842056 • 1 ♀; Nenela ; [20°20′10.90″ N, 89°1′19.20″ W]; 25 Oct. 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 342e; ZMH 842046 • 1 ♀; Muna ; [20°28′15.7″ N, 89°46′53.5″ W]; 22 Jul. 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 553; ZMH 842052 • 1 ♀; Yucatán, Tekal de Venegas ; [21º01′40.5″ N, 88°58′46.3″ W]; 21 May 2011; Quezada-Euán and Moo-Valle leg.; original label 115; UADY .

Floral records

ASTERACEAE Giseke : Porophyllum Guett. : P. punctatum (Mill.) S.F. Blake • FABACEAE Juss. : Acacia Mill. : A. pennatula (Schltdl. & Cham.) Benth. • Piscidia L.: P. piscipula (L.) Sarg. • LAMIACEAE Martinov : Vitex L.: V. gaumeri Greenm. • SOLANACEAE Adans. : Capsicum L.: C. chinense Jacq.

DNA barcodes

Twenty-five sequences available (BOLD process IDs: LDSPS052-15 to LDSPS076-15). The holotype and male paratype are GenBank accession: KU574945. BOLD process ID: LDSPS065-15, paratype male GenBank accession: KU574946. BOLD process ID: LDSPS064-15. These sequences are very variable (maximum intraspecific p-distance 1.63%; minimum interspecific p-distance (to L. lepidii ) 2.15%). This group of sequences is tentatively attributed to L. aureoviride sp. nov., although they share similarity with L. lepidii sequences. Some sequences are likely attributable to L paralepidii sp. nov. as well, but the intraspecific variation is too great to distinguish species within the broader L. lepidii species complex.

Description

Female (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. Length 4.3 mm; head length 1.26 mm; head width 1.33 mm; fore wing length 2.77 mm. Ten female paratypes measured: length 4.1–4.3 mm; head length 1.17–1.26 mm; head width 1.22– 1.33 mm; fore wing length 2.77–2.78 mm.

COLOUR. Head and mesosoma metallic dark turquoise-green with golden reflections on mesoscutum; clypeus apical half black; scape dark reddish brown, F1–F10 dark reddish brown dorsally, light brown ventrally; tegula reddish-brown; wing membrane subhyaline, venation and pterostigma brown; legs dark brown; metasoma black with rims of terga and sterna dark brown.

PUBESCENCE. Dull white; head and mesosoma with abundant long setae (1–2.5 OD); lower paraocular area and gena with sparse subappressed tomentum; mesoscutum with dense erect setae ~1 OD long interspersed with subappressed setae 0.25–0.5 OD long; propodeum with abundant plumose setae on lateral and posterior surfaces (1.5–2.5 OD); T1 with dense and complete setose fan, T2–T3 basal margins with dense appressed tomentum and disc of T4 with sparse tomentum throughout; T2–T4 evenly covered with dense, short, simple setae becoming long and plumose laterally (1–3 OD); tarsal segments with plumose, light-yellow setae.

SURFACE SCULPTURE. Clypeus shiny and moderately sparsely punctate (i = 1–2 pd); supraclypeal area shiny and sparsely punctate (i = 1–3 pd); lower paraocular area shiny and densely punctate (i <1 pd); antennocular area imbricate and densely punctate (i ≤ 1 pd); upper paraocular area and frons shiny and finely, densely punctate (i <1 pd); ocellocular area shiny and densely punctate (i ≤ 1 pd); gena and postgena lineolate; tegula with a few fine and scattered minute punctures (i ≥ 1.5 pd), hardly visible at 40 × magnification; mesoscutum weakly tessellate and sparsely punctate (i = 1–3 pd), becoming dense laterad of parapsidal lines (i <1 pd); mesoscutellum shiny and moderately densely punctate (i = 1–1.5 pd); axilla shiny and densely punctate (i <1 pd); metanotum finely rugulose; mesepisternum very densely punctate (i <0.5 pd); metapostnotum dull with shallow subparallel rugae blending into finely reticulate background microsculpture; propodeum with posterior surface tessellate; T1–T2 weakly coriarious and minutely, moderatey sparsely punctate (i = 1–2 pd); T2–T3 apical impressed areas weakly coriarious and minutely, sparsely punctate (i = 1–4 pd).

STRUCTURE. Head wide (length/width ratio = 0.95–0.99; holotype = 0.95); eyes weakly convergent below (UOD/LOD ratio = 1.16–1.24; holotype = 1.21); clypeus ⁴/5 below suborbital tangent; antennal sockets close (IAD/AOD <0.54); frontal line ending 2.5–3 OD below median ocellus; gena narrower than eye; tegula inner posterior margin straight; inner metatibial spur pectinate with three teeth; scutellum length 0.27; metapostnotum length 0.22, metapostnotum elongate (MMR ratio = 1.23), posterior margin sharply angled onto posterior surface, propodeum with oblique carina present and lateral carina not reaching margin of dorsal surface.

Male

MEASUREMENTS. Length: 4.5–4.52 mm; head length 1.01–1.3 mm; head width 1.07–1.33 mm; fore wing length 3.13–3.33 mm.

COLOUR. Head and mesosoma dark turquoise-green to olive green; clypeus apical half black; scape black; F1–F11 dark brown dorsally, light brown ventrally; tegula reddish-brown; legs dark brown with tarsi light brown; wing membrane subhyaline; venation and pterostigman brown; metasoma black with rims of terga and sterna dark brown.

PUBESCENCE. Dull white. Head and mesosoma with abundant long setae (1–2 OD); paraocular area and lower frons with dense appressed tomentum; clypeus, supraclypeal area, gena, and preëpisternum with sparse appressed tomentum; mesoscutum with dense plumose setae 0.5–1 OD long (all setae separated by less than half their length in lateral view); propodeum with abundant plumose setae on lateral and posterior surfaces (1–2 OD); tarsal segments with plumose light-yellow setae; discs of T1–T6 evenly covered with dense, short, simple setae, becoming long and plumose laterally (1–3 OD).

SURFACE SCULPTURE. Clypeus shiny and densely punctate (i ≤ 1 pd); supraclypeal area shiny and moderately sparsely punctate (i = 1–2 pd); paraocular area and ocellocular area shiny and densely punctate (i <1 pd); frons shiny with fine, crowded punctures (i = 0 pd); gena and postgena shiny; tegula finely, sparsely punctate (i = 1–3 pd); tegula with sparse punctures medially (i> 1.5 dp) (sometimes inconspicuous and tegula nearly impunctate); mesoscutum shiny and sparsely punctate (i = 1–3 pd), becoming dense laterad of parapsidal lines and on posterior margin (i ≤ 1 pd); mesoscutellum shiny and densely punctate (i ≤ 1 pd); mesepisternum rugulose with distinct dense punctures (i <1 pd); propodeum with posterior surface shiny and densely punctate (i <1 pd); discs of T1–T3 shiny and moderately densely punctate (i = 1–2 pd), apical impressed areas impunctate.

STRUCTURE. Head wide (length/width ratio = 0.94–0.96); eyes weakly convergent below (UOD/LOD ratio = 1.16–1.24; holotype = 1.19); clypeus ⁴/5 below suborbital tangent; antennal sockets separated (IAD/AOD> 1.19); frontal line ending 2.5–3 OD below median ocellus; tegula enlarged, reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view, with inner posterior margin straight; scutellum length 0.28; metapostnotum length 0.22, metapostnotum elongate (MMR ratio = 1.27), posterior margin rounded onto posterior surface; genitalia with penis valve long and wide, retrorse lobe enlarged and wide, gonostylus medium and rounded, with a few short, simple setae near apex; S7–S8 median processes narrow.

Distribution

Only known from the Yucatán Peninsula.

Remarks

Common. Morphologically similar specimens were examined from the Atlantic coast from Veracruz to Tamaulipas. These specimens have the metapostnotum with strong anastomosing rugae, tegula more distinctly punctate, and the face noticeably shorter, and are thought to be an undescribed species. Lasioglossum aureoviride sp. nov. is a member of the L. gemmatum species complex and partially corresponds to mOTU 5 in Landaverde-González et al. (2017a).

Figures

Fig. 5. Line drawings of male genitalia of species of Lasioglossum (Dialictus) Robertson, 1902. A, C, E, G. Ventral view. B, D, F, H. Lateral view. A–B. L. (Dialictus) yucatanense Landaverde-González sp. nov. C–D. L. (Dialictus) paxtoni Landaverde-González sp. nov. E–F. L. (Dialictus) aureoviride Landaverde-González & Husemann sp. nov. G–H. L. (Dialictus) ameshoferi Landaverde-González sp. nov. Abreviations: G. = gonostylus; P.v. = penis valve; Gn. = gonobase; V.r.l. = ventral retrorse lobe. Drawings made by Natalia Escobedo-Kenefic.

Fig. 6. Images of tegula form and punctation in species of Lasioglossum (Dialictus) Robertson, 1902. A. L. (Dialictus) yucatanense Landaverde-González sp. nov. B. L. (Dialictus) paxtoni Landaverde- González sp. nov. C. Specimen of the Lasioglossum stictaspis species complex. D. L. (Dialictus) ameshoferi Landaverde-González sp. nov. E. L. (Dialictus) aureoviride Landaverde-González & Husemann sp. nov. F. L. (Dialictus) paralepidii Gardner sp. nov. G. L. (Dialictus) milpa Landaverde- González sp. nov. H. L. (Dialictus) nanotegula Landaverde-González & Husemann sp. nov.

Fig. 15. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) aureoviride Landaverde-González & Husemann sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (490d UNAM). A. Lateral habitus. B. Dorsal habitus. C. Face.

Fig. 16. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) aureoviride Landaverde-González & Husemann sp. nov., ♂ (SM0106177). A. Lateral habitus. B. Dorsal habitus. C. Face.

Fig. 28. T2. A. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) paxtoni Landaverde-González sp. nov., ♀, apical impressed area (arrow) glabrous and impunctate. B. L. (D.) aureoviride Landaverde-González & Husemann sp. nov., ♀, apical impressed area (arrow) with sparse punctures and short simple setae.

Fig. 32. Metapostnotum. A. Lasioglossum (Dialictus) aureoviride Landaverde-González & Husemann sp. nov., ♀, entirely dull with fine shallow rugae. B. L. (D.) paralepidii Gardner sp. nov., ♀, shiny basally and laterally with strong anastomosing rugae.

Fig. 35. Tegula. A. L. (D.) aureoviride sp. nov. male, finely and sparsely punctate medially (i> 1 pd) (arrow). B. L. (D.) paralepidii sp. nov. male, distinctly and densely punctate medially (i ≤ 1 pd) (arrow).