Scrophularia canina

Uzunhisarcikli, M. Erkan, Güner, Ebru Doğan & Ekici, Murat, 2018, Synopsis of the genus Scrophularia (Scrophulariaceae) in Turkey, Phytotaxa 333 (2), pp. 151-187 : 182-183

53. Scrophularia canina L. subsp. bicolor (Sm.) Greuter in Boissiera 13: 109 (1967)

≡ S. bicolor Sm. in Sibth. & Sm., Prodr. Fl. Graec. 1: 437 (1806) ≡ S. canina L. var. bicolor (Sm.) Vis., Fl. Dalm. 2: 159 (1847) = S. chrysanthemifolia Willd., Hort. Berol. 1: 59 (1816) = S. heldreichii Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2(3): 158 (1856) ≡ S. canina L. var. pallida Hausskn. in Mitt. Thür. Bot. Ver. ser. 2(10): 58 (1897).

Type:—[ ITALY] In Sicilia, Sibthorp (holotype OXF).

Specimens seen:— TURKEY. Ankara: Mamak, Hüseyingazi hill, 1000 m, 04 May 1980 ( ISTE 52383 ) ; Antalya: Barınak Evleri , 25 May 1979, H. Kehl 4/65 ( B) ; Bersik-Antalya, 12 km from Bersik , 0 m, sandy places, 12 June 1962, Dudley 35706 ( B) ; Elmalı, Gömbe-Çayköy- Sülüklügöl , 28 June 1979, Ö. Seçmen 2081 & E. Leblebici ( EGE 17401 ) ; Side, Sorgun , seasides, ca. 5 m, 10 May 1973, R. Çetik 3795 ( ANK) ; Alanya, Selçuklu Castle , ca. 250 m, 31 May 1988, H. Hertel 34110 ( B) ; Alanya, Selçuklu Castle , ruderal areas, 29 May 1988, H. Hertel 34079 ( B) ; Akseki, 10‒11 km from Murtiçi , roadsides, 670 m, 09 June 2013, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2414 ( GAZI) ; Kemer, Çamyuva, Olympos , streamsides, 2 m, 19 April 2013, B. Bilgili 3858b ( GAZI) ; Balıkesir: S of Marmara Adası , stream bed, 15 June 1968 ( ISTE 13623 ) ; Marmara Adası , 08 May 1971 ( ISTE 19590 ) ; Marmara Adası, Saraylar Village-Radar hill, 200 m, 07 May 1978 ( ISTE 39277 ) ; Balıkesir: Sığırcı Village, coast of Manyas lake , 16 May 1953 ( ISTE 2167 ) ; Batman: Hasankeyf, 8 km to Hasankeyf , 493 m, S. Aslan 3234 et al. ( GAZI) ; Bilecik: calcareous, 300 m, 02 June 1962, Davis & Coode 36523 ( B) ; Burdur: 3‒5 km S of Burdur, around Örtülü hill, 1000‒1150 m, H. Duman 5256 et al. ( GAZI) ; Bursa: İznik , edge of lake, 30 May 1954 ( ISTE 2590 ) ; Mudanya, Kumyaka , 05 May 1974 ( ISTE 27854 ) ; Çanakkale: Bozcaada , NE of Latif Çamlığı, ca. 40 m, 15 April 1976, Ö. Seçmen & E. Leblebici ( EGE 29084 ) ; Çankırı: Atkaracalar, Dumanlı Mountain, Ulupınar Village , Erenler location, 1200‒1400 m, A. Duran 1610 ( GAZI) ; Çorum: Çorum-Merzifon , 5‒10 km from Çorum, roadsides, slopes, 1153 m, 24 July 2012, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2297 ( GAZI) ; Denizli: Honaz Mountain, Arpacık- Tuzluca crossroad, 18 May 1973 ( ISTE 24834 ) ; Honaz Mountain, Atalanı , 1475 m, 17 May 1973 ( ISTE 24802 ) ; Serinhisar-Gölhisar , roadsides, 963 m, 07 June 2013, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2406 ( GAZI) ; Edirne: Edirne-Kırklareli, 3 km from Hasköy , roadsides, ca. 150 m, 15 August 1962, K. Karamanoğlu 950 ( ANK) ; Gaziantep: Nizip‒Sekili , roadsides, damaged steppe, 500 m, 19 April 2013, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2334 ( GAZI) ; Gümüşhane: Bayburt-Aşkale, 40 km to Aşkale , ca. 1680 m, 16 August 1984, Ö. Seçmen et al. ( EGE 17710 ) ; Gümüşhane-Erzurum , 2 km from Gümüşhane, 1150 m, 19 July 1981, M. Nydegger 16992 ( B) ; Tamzı- Gümüşhane, rocky, 1403 m, 10 May 2013, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2362 ( GAZI) ; Torul-Harmancık Plateau , steppe, 1330 m, 25 July 2012 M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2302 ( GAZI) ; Gümüşhane- Bayburt, Vauk Mountain pass, roadsides, high mountain steppe, 1895 m, 25 July 2012, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2303 ( GAZI) ; Iğdır: Tuzluca, Karacaören to Ünlendi Village , 1850 m, 11 June 2008 ( ISTE 85608 ) ; Isparta: Senirkent-Garip Village , ca. 850 m, 09 June 1983, L. Bekat 908 ( EGE 34451 ) ; Eğridir, Anamas, Yaka Village , Karpız river , 1250‒1450 m, 05 August 1974, A. Güner 1882 et al. ( HUB) ; Davras Mountain, above Sav Village , 23 May 1966 ( ISTE 9621 ) ; Sütçüler, Çobannisa Village , 1450‒1850 m, 26 May 1974, A. Güner 1129 et al. ( HUB) ; Şarkıkaraağaç, Kıyakdede Mountain-Göztepe Mountain , 1200‒1300 m, 23 July 1994, B. Mutlu 994 ( HUB) ; Eğirdir , 29 May 1955 ( ISTE 4251 ) ; İstanbul: Beykoz , 26 May 1931, Krause 3238 ( ANK) ; Bizimköy, 4 km to Silivri , 12 June 1982 ( ISTE 48964 ) ; Çatalca , grove, 25 June 1972 ( ISTE 21998 ) ; behind ridges of Florya , 11 May 1958 ( ISTE 5158 ) ; Rumelihisarı , 04 June 1944 ( ISTF 39893 ) ; Sarıyer, Rumelihisarı 00 May 1943 ( ISTF 2217 ) ; İzmir: Bornova , 30 April 1969, K. Fitz ( EGE 7901 ) ; Selçuk , 1‒2 km N of Selçuk, 50‒100 m, H. Duman 4334 ( GAZI) ; Kastamonu: İnebolu , ca. 1300 m, 12 August 1960, Khan 594 et al. ( ANK) ; İnebolu-Küre , ca. 1000 m, 08 June 1954, P. H. Davis 21660 ( ANK) ; around Karaçomak Dam, Karınca Mahallesi , ca. 900 m, 24 July 1981, H. Akpolat 337 ( ANK) ; Kırklareli: Soğucak , 28 May 1973 ( ISTE 25148 ) ; Konya: above Akşehir, above Tekke valley , 1850 m, 27 October 1975 ( ISTE 34008 ) ; Akşehir, Sultan Mountains, above Tekke , Karagür Havzası , around Hanoğlu river , 1950 m, 28 September 1976 ( ISTE 35999 ) ; Sultan Mountains, above Engilli Village, Harlak location, 1350 m, 07 July 1975 ( ISTE 32710 ) ; Ermenek, Kazancı Kasabası , 900‒1100 m, 17 June 1983, H. Sümbül 2080 ( HUB) ; Kütahya: Emet, Yağcık Village-Eğrigöz Village , ca. 840 m, 17 May 1978, Ö. Seçmen et al. ( EGE 18267 ) ; Gediz, Murat Mountain, above Çukurören Village , edge of fields, 1200 m, 11 July 1980 ( ISTF 34424 ) ; Mersin: Gilindere-Gülnar, Teknecik crossroad, 770 m, 01 May 1986, M. Nydegger 41561 ( B) ; Kırobası , Juniperus excelsa forest, 1500 m, T. Uslu 2782 ( ANK) ; Silifke-Kırobası, 35 km to Kırobası , roadsides, 853 m, 15 June 2013, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2431 ( GAZI) ; Muğla: Muğla ‒ Tavas , 35 km from Muğla, 675 m, 09 June 1962 ( ISTE 43709 ): 22 July 1949 ( ISTE 2443 ) ; Bordum, Bodrum-Yalıkavak , 120 m, 10 April 1985, M. Nydegger 40121 ( B, GAZI, ISTE 74763 ) ; Çatalkaya, around Kovacık Village , ca. 620 m, 06 April 1977, Ö. Seçmen et al. ( EGE 23803 ) ; Karaburun-Yeniliman , 20 December 1978, Ö. Seçmen et al. ( EGE 17127 ) ; Fethiye-Üzümlü , macchie, 16 July 1966, H. Peşmen ( EGE 8717 ) ; Fethiye, Xanthos ruins, 12 March 1968, Meyer & Peşmen ( EGE 3059 ) ; Niğde: Eski Gümüş Manastırı , 06 May 2002 ( ISTF 40471 ) ; Samsun: Akdağ, Ladik‒Destek , 18 km from Ladik, 10 October 1978 ( ISTE 41650 ) ; Tekirdağ: İstanbul-Tekirdağ, 2 km to Çorlu crossroad, 17 May 1970 ( ISTE 17777 ) ; Keşan-Malkara , 19 May 1970 ( ISTE 17970 ) ; Kumbağ- Manastır , roadsides, 22 May 1974 ( ISTE 28356 ) ; Vize-Pınarhisar , 2 km E of Pazarlı, 21 May 1974 ( ISTE 28209 ) ; Barbaros, near Naipköy , 27 May 1973 ( ISTE 25094 ) ; Naipköy‒Işıklar, Işıklar crossroad, 30 April 1967 ( ISTE 10876 ) ; Şarköy, Uçmakdere Village , 26 May 2002 ( ISTE 81142 ) ; Trabzon: Old Zigana pass road, 2 km from Kalkanlı Village , roadsides, 1457 m, 25 July 2012, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2301 ( GAZI) ; Maçka-Torul, 15 km from Maçka , 1373 m, 26 June 2013, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2441 ( GAZI) ; Uşak: Banaz, Murat Mountain, Gürlek , fallow field, 1000 m, 19 June 1978 ( ISTF 31964 ) ; Yozgat: Yıldızeli-Akdağmadeni, 25 km to Akdağmadeni , stony places, 1180 m, 22 June 2014, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2589 ( GAZI) .

Flowering time: —April–September.

Habitat: —Streamsides, steppe, disturbed steppe, macchie, grove, roadsides, stony and rocky slopes, high mountain steppe, edge of fields, sandy places, seaside, Juniperus excelsa forest. 0‒1950 m elevation.

Distribution: —Multiregional element (Irano-Turanian, Euro-Siberian and Mediterranean element).