Scrophularia versicolor Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient.

Uzunhisarcikli, M. Erkan, Güner, Ebru Doğan & Ekici, Murat, 2018, Synopsis of the genus Scrophularia (Scrophulariaceae) in Turkey, Phytotaxa 333 (2), pp. 151-187 : 178-179

45. Scrophularia versicolor Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2(3): 155 (1856)

= S. cinerascens Boiss. in Tchihat., Asie Min. Bot. 2: 16 (1860) = S. laciniciata sensu C. Koch in Linnaea 22: 710 (1849) non Waldst. & Kit. (1803‒1804) var. ciclenophora C. Koch loc. cit. = S. micradenia Freyn in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, 1: 277 (1901) = S. grossiheimii Schischkin in Beih. Bot. Centr. 44(2): 238 (1927).

Type:— [ TURKEY. B 8 Erzurum] circa Erzurum, [1853] Calvert 984 (holotype G!).

Specimens seen:— TURKEY. Ağrı: Doğubeyazıt ; İshakpaşa Palace , 31 May 2014, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2540 ( GAZI) ; Ardahan: Ardahan-Kars , 30 km to Kars, roadsides, 1800‒2000 m, 18 June 2014, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2569 ( GAZI) ; Bayburt: Bayburt-Çaykara, Çiğdemli Village , roadsides, slopes, 1536 m, 30 May 2014, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2529 ( GAZI) ; Bayburt-Çaykara, 50 km to Çaykara , roadsides, 1725 m, 26 June 2013, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2444 ( GAZI) ; Değirmencik-Uzungöl, around Çiğdemlik Village , streamsides, stony, 1625 m, 10 May 2013, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2353 ( GAZI) ; Değirmencik-Uzungöl, Çiğdemlik Village , streamsides, stony, 1625 m, 10 May 2013, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2357 ( GAZI) ; Bitlis: Tatvan, Zulil rock, meadows and streamsides, ca. 1850 m, 20 June 1986, Ö. Seçmen 3504 ( EGE 28932 ) ; Erzurum: Palandöken Mountain , alpine meadows, 2490 m, 19 June 2014, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2573 ( GAZI) ; stony, 2200 m, 20 June 2014, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2575 ( GAZI) ; Palandöken Mountain , stony, 2000‒2200 m, 20 July 2014, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2625 ( GAZI) ; Palandöken Mountain-Erzurum , slopes, 30 May 2014, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2536 ( GAZI) ; Erzurum-Pasinler , 7‒8 km from Erzurum, slopes, 1536 m, 30 May 2014, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2530 ( GAZI) ; İspir road, rocky places, 17 June 1961, J. M. Winter 79 ( WU) ; Palandöken Mountain , 2300 m, 17 July 1982, P. Buckhner ( WU 82‒78 ‒ 17 ) ; Erzurum-Pasinler , 8‒9 km from Erzurum, volcanic rocks and calcareous slopes, 1918 m, 23 May 2013, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2376 ( GAZI) ; ibid., 28 June 2013, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2453 ( GAZI) ; Horasan-Eleşkirt, 19 km from Horasan , roadsides, 2000 m, 26 July 2012, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2305 ( GAZI) ; Rize: İkizdere, above Anzer Village , 2100‒2150 m, 11 July 1984, A. Güner 5845 et al. ( HUB, GAZI) ; Kars: Ardahan, Bülbülhan, Çaldır Mountain-Kutul Plateau , 13 July 1981, Demirkuş 1089 ( HUB) ; Benliahmet-Kağızman, 36 km from Benliahmet, above Kotek pass, rocky slopes, ca. 1500 m, 16 July 1966, Davis 46669 ( B, WU) ; Susuz, İncirli Village , 2500 m, Y. Altan 5753 ( GAZI) ; Van: Başkale, Güzeldere pass, alpine meadows, 2790 m, 09 July 1982, P. Buckhner ( WU 82‒57 ‒ 53 ) ; Tendürek Mountain , 3500 m, 21 July 1981, P. Buckhner ( WU 81‒47 ‒ 22 ) ; Van-Başkale , 2300 m, 01 June 2014, M. E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2542 ( GAZI) ; 30 km NE of Çaldıran , calcareous, 2400‒2700 m, 07 July 1982, P. Buckhner ( WU 82‒47 ‒ 99 ) .

Flowering time: —May–July.

Habitat: —Volcanic rocky places, stony, roadsides, slopes, alpine meadows, waste places, calcareous rocky, streamsides. 1500–3500 m elevation.

Distribution: —Irano-Turanian element.

Note: — Within the scope of the present revision and in order to collect material of S. versicolor and S. cinerascens , field studies were carried out many times in the localities and close sites mentioned in Flora of Turkey ( Lall & Mill 1978). When the collected specimens were examined we realized that S. versicolor and S. cinerascens are very close to each other. When the different herbarium specimens of the two species are examined, there is not enough evidence to show that they are different at the species rank. Unpublished result of the molecular analyses carried out by Alev Ateş (pers. comm.), which include five regions of both plastid and nuclear ribosomal DNA (trn L5’-L3’, trn L-F, trn V, mat K, ITS), support our morphological conclusion to synonymise both names. From the nomenclatural point of view, the name S. versicolor prevails because it is the oldest legitimate name, and consequently S. cinerascens should be considered a synonym of the former.