Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838

Jo, Yeong-Seok, Baccus, John T. & Koprowski, John L., 2018, Mammals of Korea: a review of their taxonomy, distribution and conservation status, Zootaxa 4522 (1), pp. 1-216 : 110

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4522.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C24EFA8A-A5A0-4B06-A0A9-632F542B9529

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4571332

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0BE3B-6467-FFD2-FF4F-FE2EFC1952A6

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838
status

 

Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838 View in CoL View at ENA —Sika Deer

Cervus nippon Temminck View in CoL in Siebold, 1837 [1838] p.22; Type locality- Nagasaki, Japan; Won, 1968 p.374; Corbet, 1978 p.200; Han, 1994 p.46; Won & Smith, 1999 p.22; Oh, 2004b p.262; Jo et al., 2012 p.252 View Cited Treatment .

C. hortulorum Swinhoe, 1864 p.169 ; Type locality- Beijing, China; Kishida & Mori, 1931 p.380.

C. mandarinus Milne-Edwards, 1871 p.174 ; Type locality-Beijing, China.

C. dybowskii Taczanowski, 1876 p.123 ; Type locality- Ussuri, Manchuria.

C. mantchuricus Swinhoe, 1864 p.169 ; Type locality- Newchwang (Yingkou), Manchuria; Kishida & Mori, 1931 p.380.

C. hortulorum hortulorum: Kuroda, 1938 p.6 .

C. nippon hortulorum: Tate, 1947 p.341 View in CoL ; Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.365; Won, 1958 p.431; Won, 1967 p.43; Won, 1968 p.375; Corbet, 1978 p.200; Yoon, 1992 p.128.

C. nippon nippon: Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.365 View in CoL .

C. nippon mantchuricus: Won, 1958 p.430 View in CoL ; Won, 1967 p.41; Yoon, 1992 p.126.

Range: Historically, C. nippon inhabited the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and southern coastal islands ( Lee 1965). Recently, the distribution became limited to the Chinese and Russian border areas in Hamgyeongbuk Province and Ryanggang Province, North Korea ( Jin & Ouh 1990; Won & Smith 1999; Fig. 72 View FIGURE 72 ). Although the South Korea populations were extirpated in the 1990s, translocated sika deer from Taiwan released for religious ceremonies became invasive at Mt. Songni National Park ( Koh et al. 2010a). The National Park Service attempted to remove the Taiwanese Sika deer but about 100 feral deer remain (Songni National Park office, Pers. Comm.).

Remarks: Won (1967) listed two subspecies, C. n. mantchuricus in Jeju Island and C. n. hortulorum in the Korean Peninsula. Only one subspecies, C. n. hortulorum , formed populations in Korea after the extirpation of the species on Jeju Island ( Won 1968). Corbet (1978) relegated C. n. mantchuricus as a synonym of C. n. hortulorum . Various populations of C. nippon have an uncertain origin or mixed ancestry. The genetic status of C. n. hortulorum remains particularly uncertain ( Harris 2008).

Conservation status: The North Korean government established habitats for C. nippon in Samjiyeon County and Beakam County as Natural Monuments in 1980. Also, the South Korean government designated C. nippon as an Endangered Species in 2005. However, the species became extinct in South Korea, with no plans for reintroduction. Although the IUCN listed this species as a species of ‘Least Concern’, the Red Data Book for South Korea registered C. nippon as ‘Regionally Extinct’ (NIBR 2012). The Red Data Book for North Korea lists the species as ‘Endangered’ (MAB National Committee of DPR Korea 2002).

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Class

Mammalia

Order

Artiodactyla

Family

Cervidae

Genus

Cervus

Loc

Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838

Jo, Yeong-Seok, Baccus, John T. & Koprowski, John L. 2018
2018
Loc

Cervus nippon

Jo 2012:
Oh 2004:
Won & Smith 1999:
Han 1994:
Corbet 1978:
Won 1968:
1968
Loc

C. nippon mantchuricus:

Yoon 1992:
Won 1967:
Won 1958:
1958
Loc

C. nippon nippon:

Ellerman & Morrison-Scott 1951:
1951
Loc

C. nippon hortulorum:

Yoon 1992:
Corbet 1978:
Won 1968:
Won 1967:
Won 1958:
Ellerman & Morrison-Scott 1951:
Tate 1947:
1947
Loc

C. hortulorum hortulorum:

Kuroda 1938:
1938
Loc

C. dybowskii

Taczanowski 1876:
1876
Loc

C. mandarinus

Milne-Edwards 1871:
1871
Loc

C. hortulorum

Kishida & Mori 1931:
Swinhoe 1864:
1864
Loc

C. mantchuricus

Kishida & Mori 1931:
Swinhoe 1864:
1864
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