Tetrapyle fruticosa ( Tan and Chen, 1990 ) Zhang, Lanlan & Suzuki, Noritoshi, 2017

Zhang, Lanlan & Suzuki, Noritoshi, 2017, Taxonomy and species diversity of Holocene pylonioid radiolarians from surface sediments of the northeastern Indian Ocean, Palaeontologia Electronica (Cambridge, England: 2003) 7 (8), pp. 1-68 : 18-19

Tetrapyle fruticosa ( Tan and Chen, 1990) new combination

Figure 10

? 1887 Tetrapyle (Tetrapylissa) nephropyle Haeckel , p. 645.

1976 Tetrapyle nephropyle Haeckel ; Tan and Tchang, p. 260, text-fig. 29.

1984b Tetrapyle sp. aff. T. octacantha Müller ; Nishimura, and Yamauchi, p. 42, pl. 17, fig. 4.

1984b Tetrapyle octacantha Müller ; Nishimura and Yamauchi, p. 42, pl. 17, fig. 14.

1990 Octopyle stenozona Haeckel ; Fujioka, pl. 42, fig. 4.

*1990 Octopyle fruticosa Tan and Chen , p. 120, text-fig. 13.

1990 Octopyle stenozona Haeckel ; Yeh and Cheng, pl. 3, fig. 9.

1992 Octopyle stenozona Haeckel ; Haslett, fig. 1.b.

1994 Octopyle stenozona Haeckel ; Haslett, pl. 2, fig. 3.

1996 Octopyle quadrata Haeckel ; Chen and Tan, p. 194, pl. 21, fig. 8.

2009 Tetrapyle octacantha Müller group; Itaki, pl. 10, figs. 7, 9.

2009 Phorticium pylonium Haeckel ; Sono, Suzuki, Yoshimura, Kano, and Takeda, pl. 1, fig. 23a-b.

2014a Tetrapyle octacantha Müller group; Matsuzaki, Nishi, Hayashi, Suzuki, Ikehara, Gyawali, Tanaka, and Takashima, fig. 2.11- 12.

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2014c Tetrapyle octacantha Müller ; Matsuzaki, Nishi, Suzuki, Kawate, Takashima, and Sakai, pl. 1, fig. 22.

2014d Tetrapyle octacantha Müller group; Matsuzaki, Nishi, Suzuki, Takashima, Kawate, and Sakai, pl. 2, figs. 1-2.

2015a Tetrapyle octacantha Müller group; Matsuzaki, Suzuki, and Nishi, p. 34-35, figs. 6.4, 6.6.

2016 Tetrapyle octacantha Müller group; Matsuzaki, Itaki, and Kimoto, fig. 8.5-8.

Description. Test comprises a pyloniid central combination and four to five girdles. The girdles appear quadrangular-shaped in Fr-view (ratio of length to width: ca. 0.8–1.3) with or without polar beams at the outermost gate. Fine and short spines are scattered over the outermost girdle test surface. The twin gates of the girdles show quadrangular apertures (ratio of width to height: ca. 2.0– 2.4) in Fr-view. Three to four roundish to irregularly shaped pores occur on the side of a girdle.

Remarks. Tetrapyle fruticosa is easily distinguished from T. octacantha based on the former’s lack of main portal-spines, and from T. circularis based on the latter’s circular shape in Fr-view.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Photographs of the encountered morphotypes of Tetrapyle fruticosa (Tan and Chen, 1990) new combina- tion. All are Pl-view at Type 1, Fr-view at Type 2. Scale bar equals 0.1 mm. All specimens are from YDY05-01.