Pyrhila carinata (Bell, 1855) Galil, 2009

Galil, Bella S., 2009, An examination of the genus Philyra Leach, 1817 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Leucosiidae) with descriptions of seven new genera and six new species, Zoosystema 31 (2), pp. 279-320 : 306-308

Pyrhila carinata (Bell, 1855) n. comb. ( Figs 12E ; 19 )

Philyra carinata Bell, 1855a: 365 ; 1855b: 302, pl. 33, fig.4; 1855c:16. — T. Sakai 1937: 162; 1976: 113. — Shen 1940: 78. — Shen & Dai 1964: 33, fig. — Serène 1968: 46. — Dai et al. 1986: 77, pl. 9.6, fig. 39.1. — Dai &

Yang 1991: 85, pl. 9.6, fig. 39.1. — Chen & Sun 2002: 389, fig. 174.

Philyra tuberculosa Stimpson, 1858: 160 ; 1907: 153, pl. 18, fig. 5. — Serène 1968: 46.

Philyra yangmataoensis Shen, 1932: 27 , text fig. 15, 16c, pl. 1.3. — Serène 1968: 46. — Kim 1973: 310, pl. 78, fig. 70, text fig. 102.

Philyra yangmataoensis forma chefooensis Shen, 1932: 28, text fig. 16d, 17, pl. 1.4.

Philyra carinata chefooensis – Shen 1937: 285.

TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype: Borneo. 1 ♂ cl 15.1 mm (NHM 1847.21).

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — China. Chefoo, purch. Swinhoe, 1 ♂ cl 13.2 mm, 1 ovig. ♀ cl 16.7 mm (NHM 1874.2). — Amoy, VII.1925, coll. C. F. Wang, 1 ♂ cl 17.8 mm ( MNHN 17048). — 27.XI.1927, 1 ♂ cl 16.4 mm, 1 ♀ cl 15.4 mm ( MNHN 17047). — Tsimei, tide pools, VI.1923, id. M. J. Rathbun as P. tuberculosa , 1 ♂ cl 19.2 mm ( USNM 57768). — Kiaochow, pres. C. J. Shen, 1 ♂ cl 12.9 mm, 2 ♀ ♀ cl 9.8, 10.2 mm (NHM 1935.3.19.135-136). — 1 ovig. ♀ cl 16.1 mm (Fuchian Institute of Biological Studies 151545).

DISTRIBUTION. — Korea, China, Borneo I.

DESCRIPTION

Dorsal surface of carapace minutely granulate, granulate, bearing perliform granules on branchial, gastric, cardiac and intestinal regions; a line of prominent granules medially on cardiac, intestinal regions. Hepatic region slightly tumescent. Branchio-cardiac grooves shallow. Front with shallow median indentation. Anterior margin of epistome medially notched; anterior margin of efferent channel bilobed, outer lobe fissured. Upper, lower margins of subhepatic facet granulate, granules on lower margin larger. Lateral margin of carapace posteriorly to subhepatic facet closely beaded, granules smaller posteriorly. Posterior margin straight in male, arcuate in female.Epimeral surface smooth; epimeral margin minutely beaded. Margins of external maxillipeds minutely granulate, exopod with line of prominent granules medially. Sternum boldly granulate. Anterior margin of abdominal sulcus prominently granulate. Fused male abdominal segments 2-6 bearing boldly granulate basal knobs. Fused abdominal segments in female with granulate strip basally. Cheliped merus 0.6 as long as carapace in male; its surface granulate but for an elongate dorsal strip. Carpus with strip of granules on inner and upper margins. Upper and lower surfaces of propodus granulate, arcuate strip of perliform granules medially on inner margin. Fingers fluted, granulate, granulation most prominent proximally on outer margins; inner margins denticulate. Granulation in female specimens less prominent.Pereiopodal propodi indistinctly carinate dorsally and ventrally. Male first pleopod with short, spatulate apical process.

Colour

“In life: yellowish-gray.” ( Stimpson 1907: 154). REMARKS

Bell’s (1855b: 302, pl. 33, fig. 4), description and drawing, though not entirely accurate, highlight the essential characters that distinguish the species: the bold granulation on carapace and chelipeds and its “nearly straight, slightly grooved” frontal margin. Stimpson’s (1907: pl. 18, fig. 5) illustration of the type female of P. tuberculosa is easily recognizable as P. carinata n. comb. Shen (1932: 27) listed the characters distinguishing P. yangmataoensis from P. pisum : “[c]oarse granulated patches on its branchial, gastrical and cardiacal regions and with a prominent granulated median line […] line of coarse granules […] on exognath […] [m]erus of cheliped and sternum closely tuberculated […] [a] short horny spatulate tip at apex of its male appendage”. He then went on and described a juvenile specimen as P.yangmataoensis forma chefooensis ( Shen 1932). On comparing P. yangmataoensis with Bell’s type of P. carinata, Shen (1937: 285) acknowledged they “were practically identical in most aspects. The former, therefore should be regarded as a synonym to the latter”, but failed to realize that his forma chefooensis is but a juvenile of P. carinata n. comb. It was left to Chen & Sun (2002) to synonymize it with P. carinata n. comb.

Figures

FIG. 12. — A-D, first male pleopod,distal end of first male pleopod;A, Hiplyra sagitta n. sp., ♂ holotype cl 13.9 mm, Persian Gulf (ZMK 4263); B, Lyphira heterograna (Ortmann, 1892) n. comb., ♂ cl 15.1 mm, Indonesia (NHM 1900.10.22.340-45); C, Lyphira perplexa n. sp.,♂ cl 27.9 mm, India (USNM 337607);D, Pyrhila pisum (De Haan,1841) n. comb., ♂ cl 22.6 mm, Japan (USNM 18865);E, Pyrhila carinata (Bell, 1855) n. comb., ♂ cl 13.2 mm, China (NHM 1874.2), first male pleopod, dorsal and ventral views; F, Pyrhila biprotubera (Dai & Guan, 1986) n. comb., ♂ cl 20.5 mm, Vietnam (Chiba Inst. 5841), first male pleopod, distal end of first male pleopod, second male pleopod. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 19. — Pyrhila carinata (Bell, 1855) n. comb., ♂ cl 13.2 mm, China (NHM 1874.2): A, dorsal view; B, ventral view.