Macrostomus montanus, Rafael & Marques, 2019

Rafael, José Albertino & Marques, Dayse Willkenia Almeida, 2019, Five new species of Macrostomus Wiedemann and a checklist of Empididae (s. str.) (Diptera) from Bolivia, Zootaxa 4567 (2), pp. 251-275 : 259-261

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4567.2.3

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:76FF8984-7ABC-4751-8FA9-943501F9D63A

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5925350

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9EB41EDC-134E-4C71-802C-6A6E9ACDB185

taxon LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:act:9EB41EDC-134E-4C71-802C-6A6E9ACDB185

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Macrostomus montanus
status

sp. nov.

Macrostomus montanus sp. nov.

( Figs 6 View FIGURE 6 A–N, 7A–E)

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9EB41EDC-134E-4C71-802C-6A6E9ACDB185

Diagnosis. Gena and postgena with setae somewhat stout; wing almost entirely hyaline, slightly brown infuscate at apex of costal cell, pterostigma and apex of cell r 2+3; last section of vein M 4 longer than vein dm-m; cell dm somewhat acute; tergite 8 short with distal sinus; epandrium with posterodorsal lobe longer than anterodorsal lobe, with longer setae more concentrated posteriorly on posterodorsal lobe; posterior cercus inwardly curved, trifid, apparently glabrous; hypandrium well sclerotized, slightly wider medially at level of posterior longer setae.

Description. Holotype ♂ ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ). Body length 3.5 mm; wing length 3.2 mm. Head dichoptic. Frons shiny black, slightly wider than anterior ocellus width. Two pairs of proclinate ocellar setae, posterior pair weaker. Face narrower than frons width, same as anterior ocellus width. Postcranium shiny black, entirely and sparsely gray pruinose. Inner vertical seta stouter than outer vertical seta, latter subequal in length to uniseriate postocular row of setae; 2–3 pairs of dorsal occipital setae. Gena with 3 setae and postgena with 2 somewhat stout setae. Antenna velvety black with postpedicel short pubescent. Proboscis shiny, brown basally, yellow apically. Palpus black. Thorax shiny black, gray pruinose. Thoracic chaetotaxy: 4 antepronotals; 1 postpronotal stout and 2 minutes; 4 dorsocentrals (right row with 5); 1 presutural supra-alar; 1 postsutural supra-alar; 1 postalar stout, 1 minute; 4 proepisternals weak; 1 notopleural stout and 1 weak; 2 pairs of scutellars, outer pair slightly weaker; 7 laterotergitals. Legs yellow with distal 3/4 of fore tibia, apex of mid femur, entire mid tibia, distal half of hind femur, entire hind tibia, all tarsi brown to black. Legs longer setae: fore tibia with 1 sub-basal and 1 median anterodorsal slightly longer; mid femur with 1 subapical anterior slightly longer; mid tibia with alternating anterodorsal and posterodorsal equally spaced; hind femur with 1 anterior subapical; hind tibia ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ) with 4–5 slender dorsal and hind tarsomere 1 with 1 longer median dorsal seta. Wing ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ) almost entirely hyaline, slightly brown infuscate at apex of costal cell, pterostigma and apex of cell r 2+3. Veins M 1 and M 2 weaker and apex of CuA+CuP evanescent. Last section of vein M 4 longer than vein dm-m. Cell dm somewhat acute. Halter light yellow. Abdomen ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ) shiny black; tergites 1–3 with longer setae posteriorly. Tergite 8 ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ) with distal sinus. Sternite 8 ( Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ) with distinct saddle-shaped projection posterodorsally and deep basal sinus. Tergite 8 articulated with sternite 8 somewhat horizontally ( Fig. 6E View FIGURE 6 ). Epandrium ( Fig. 6F View FIGURE 6 ) with posterodorsal lobe longer than anterodorsal lobe, with longer setae more concentrated posteriorly on posterodorsal lobe; anterodorsal cleft minute, inconspicuous (smaller seta on Fig. 6F View FIGURE 6 ); anteroventral cleft distinct (stronger seta on Fig. 6F View FIGURE 6 ). Anterior cercus ( Figs 6G, J View FIGURE 6 ) small in lateral view, well sclerotized, with longer setae dorsally and posteriorly; when viewed anteriorly ( Fig. 6H View FIGURE 6 ) emitting mesially large and flat cercal bridge connected medially; cercal bridge expanded posteriorly and fused with upper hypoproctal lobe when viewed dorsally ( Fig. 6I View FIGURE 6 ). Median cercus ( Fig. 6J View FIGURE 6 ) somewhat cup-shaped with longer setae dorsally. Posterior cercus ( Fig. 6J View FIGURE 6 ) inwardly curved, trifid, apparently glabrous. Ventral projection of cercus ( Fig. 6K View FIGURE 6 ) horizontally placed, distally expanded and setose. Dorsal lobe of hypoproct somewhat inconspicuous, fused with cercal bridge expansion of anterior cercus; ventral lobe of hypoproct distinctly setose, placed between setose lobes of ventral projection of cercus and cercal bridge of anterior cercus. Hypandrium ( Figs 6L, M View FIGURE 6 ) well sclerotized, almost same width throughout, slightly wider medially at level of posterior longer setae; distally with two pairs of curved hooks, distal pair stouter. Ejaculatory apodeme ( Fig. 6L View FIGURE 6 ) tetralamellar, all lamella subequal. Phallus ( Fig. 6L View FIGURE 6 ) slightly longer than hypandrium.

Female. Frons wider than width of anterior ocellus, wider than in male. Face slightly narrower than frons, approximately as wide as width of anterior ocellus. Wing distinctly more infuscated at costal and distal margins ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE 7 ). Tergite 8 ( Figs 7B, C View FIGURE 7 ) wider basally in lateral view; with shallow basal sinus and deep distal sinus in dorsal view. Sternite 8 ( Figs 7B, D, E View FIGURE 7 ) highly modified; in lateral and ventral views widened distally and with ventral subapical small translucid protuberance. Genital fork ( Figs 7D, E View FIGURE 7 ) T-shaped with arms upwardly directed. Genital chamber ( Fig. 7D, E View FIGURE 7 ) well sclerotized, wide, U-shaped, with basal protuberance upwardly directed.

Geographical records. Bolivia (La Paz).

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂, paratype ♀, on same pin: “ BOLIVIA, La Paz, Chulumani, cloud forest, above 2000 m [eters]”; “ In copula, Chulumani , 5.iv. [19]79”; “QR code: NHMUK 010664427 About NHMUK ”; “Holot ♂ Parat ♀ Macrostomus montanus Rafael & Marques ” ( Fig. 6N View FIGURE 6 ) (NHMUK). PARATYPES: Bolivia : same data as holotype, except 2.iv. [19]79, QR code : NHMUK 0 10864440 (1♂, NHMUK) ; NHMUK 0 10664353 (1♀, INPA) ; NHMUK 0 10664429 (1♀, NHMUK) ; NHMUK 0 10664436 (1♀, NHMUK) ; NHMUK 0 10664441 (1♀, NHMUK) ; NHMUK 0 10664442 (1♀, INPA); same data, except 25.iii. [19]79 , NHMUK 0 10664430 (1♀, NHMUK, dissected) ; La Paz, Sarampionim [sic], 23.ii.2005, Arm. Malaise, J. Rodriguez (1♀, CBF) .

Holotype condition. Good. Left hind leg lost; right hind leg glued on piece of white card; abdomen not dissected.

Etymology. From the Latin montanus = mountain and refers to the high elevation where the specimens were collected.

Variation. One specimen (QR code: NHMUK 010864440) with three pairs of ocellar setae; the additional anterior pair slightly longer than posterior pair.

Remarks. Macrostomus montanus sp. nov. is tentatively included in the M. limbipennis species-group, however, it differs mainly by having epandrium with posterodorsal lobe longer than the anterodorsal lobe. In the key presented by Rafael & Cumming (2012), this species runs to couplet 3 separating M. limbipennis (Bezzi) from M. penai Rafael & Cumming , but it differs from the first species by male tergite 8 not humped and from the second species by all cercal lobes shortened (versus elongate and upwardly directed in M. penai ), posterior lobe of epandrium longer than anterior lobe (versus same length) and by female sternite 8 with a ventral subapical small translucid protuberance (versus absent), genital fork T-shaped with arms upwardly directed (versus small rod, without lateral arms), genital chamber wide, U-shaped, well sclerotized (versus membranous).

NHMUK

Natural History Museum, London

INPA

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia

CBF

Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Diptera

Family

Empididae

Genus

Macrostomus

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