Leipomeles Möbius, 1856

CARPENTER, JAMES M., 2004, Synonymy of the Genus Marimbonda Richards, 1978, with Leipomeles Möbius, 1856 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Polistinae), and a New Key to the Genera of Paper Wasps of the New World, American Museum Novitates 3465 (1), pp. 1-16 : 5-6

Leipomeles Möbius, 1856 , Nester Gesell. Wespen:

25, genus.

Type species: Leipomeles lamellaria Möbius, 1856 [= Polistes dorsata Fabricius, 1804 ], by monotypy.

Lipomeles Schulz, 1906 , Spolia Hym.: 232. Unjustified emendation of Leipomeles Möbius.

Marimbonda Richards, 1978 , Social Wasps Am.: v, 10, 201, genus. NEW SYNONYMY. Type species: Marimbonda albogrisea Richards, 1978 , by original designation.

KEY TO THE GENERA OF NEW WORLD POLISTINAE

1. Metasomal segment I subsessile, funnelshaped in dorsal view ( fig. 7 ); propodeum with orifice dorsally acute ( fig. 7 ); pronotum with a carina posterior to the lateral fovea ( fig. 9 ).............................. tribe Polistini , Polistes Latreille

— Metasomal segment I differently shaped, in dorsal view basally petiolate to long­petiolate or sessile with width greater than length ( figs. 3–4 , 8 , 27, 29 , 45–47 ); propodeum with orifice usually more broadly rounded dorsally ( figs. 8 , 45 ); pronotum if with carina and lateral fovea, then the carina is anterior to the fovea ( fig. 10 ) or the two are not closely approximated ( fig. 18 ) ................................ 2 2. Mid­ and hindtarsi with third and fourth segments asymmetrical, inner lobe longer than outer lobe ( fig. 11 ); forecoxa not dorsolaterally produced ( fig. 13 ); metasomal segment I petiolate, not abruptly expanding posteriorly, in dorsal view with width half or less that of II, and at least twice as long as wide ( fig. 8 )... tribe Mischocyttarini , Mischocyttarus de Saussure

— Mid­ and hindtarsi with third and fourth segments symmetrical ( fig. 12 ); forecoxa usually dorsolaterally produced ( fig. 14 ); metasomal seqment I variously shaped........................ tribe Epiponini , 3

3. Third labial palpomere with stout, recurved bristle apically ( figs. 1, 2 ); female clypeus with square lateral lobes and sharply point­ ed apex ( fig. 42 ).................. 4

— Third labial palpomere without bristle; female clypeus variable.............. 8

4. Head with occipital carina present ( figs. 15– 17 )............................. 5

— Head without occipital carina ( fig. 18–19 ) ............................... 6

5. Pronotum with dorsal carina sinuous in lateral view ( figs. 10 , 17 ); forewing with prestigma about as long as pterostigma ( fig. 20 ).................................. Parachartergus R. von Ihering

— Pronotum without sinuous carina ( figs. 16, 18–19 ); forewing with prestigma shorter than pterostigma ( fig. 21 )............................ Leipomeles Möbius

6. Metanotum vertical posteriorly ( fig. 18 ); scutellum angular in profile ( fig. 18 ).................... Nectarinella Bequaert

— Metanotum rounded, not vertical posteriorly ( fig. 19 ); scutellum rounded in profile ( fig. 19 )............................. 7

7. Mesepisternum without dorsal groove ( fig. 18 ); maxillary palpi five­segmented and labial palpi ( fig. 1 ) three­segmented.................. Chartergellus Bequaert

— Mesepisternum with dorsal groove present, at least as anterior trace ( fig. 19 ); maxillary palpi six­segmented and labial palpi ( fig. 2 ) four­segmented............................. Pseudopolybia de Saussure

8. Pronotum without lateral fovea ( figs. 22, 23 ) ................................ 9

— Pronotum with lateral fovea ( figs. 18 , 40 ), sometimes shallow............... 15

9. Scutellum angled in profile ( fig. 22 ); metanotum not projecting beyond scutellum posteriorly ( figs. 22, 24 ); head with occipital carina present dorsolaterally ( fig. 22 ); pronotum without pretegular carina ( fig. 24 ).............. Brachygastra Perty

— Scutellum rounded in profile ( fig. 23 ); projecting beyond scutellum posteriorly ( figs. 23 , 25 ); head with occipital carina present or absent; pronotum with pretegular carina ( fig. 25 )........................ 10

10. Propodeum with dorsolateral carinae ( fig. 26 ); metanotum with medial tubercle ( fig. 26 ), sometimes weak; head with occipital carina present dorsolaterally ( fig. 23 ).................. Chartergus Lepeletier

— Propodeum without carinae ( figs. 27–29 ); metanotum without tubercle ( figs. 27–29 ); head without occipital carina ( fig. 29 ).... ............................... 11

11. Forecoxa not dorsolaterally produced ( fig. 13 )........................... 12

— Forecoxa dorsolaterally produced ( fig. 14 ) .............................. 13

12. Propodeum posteromedially concave ( fig. 28 ); body with some pale maculations, not metallic; head in lateral view with tempora narrower than eye at ocular sinus ( figs. 48–49 ); clypeus longer than wide................. Clypearia Ducke

— Propodeum posteromedially convex ( fig. 29 ); body without pale maculations, cuticle partly to entirely bluish metallic or yellowish with some bluish highlights; head in lateral view with tempora as wide or wider than eye at ocular sinus ( figs. 16 , 50 ); clypeus at most as long as wide................... Synoeca de Saussure

13. Clypeus apically emarginate ( fig. 30 ); cuticle black, bare, and shining............................ Epipona Latreille

— Clypeus apically bluntly pointed ( fig. 31 ); cuticle not shining............... 14

14. Metasomal segment I in lateral view more flattened posteriorly ( fig. 32 ), in dorsal view with maximum width 3× basal width............... Asteloeca Raw

— Metasomal segment I in lateral view convex posteriorly ( fig. 33 ), in dorsal view with maximum width 2× basal width...................... Metapolybia Ducke

15. Scutum with posterolateral lamella present adjoining tegula ( fig. 34 ).......... 16

— Scutum with posterolateral lamella absent anteriorly, not adjoining tegula ( fig. 35 ) .............................. 17

16. Ocelli enlarged, separated from eyes by less than an ocellar diameter ( fig. 36 ); hindwing with jugal lobe reduced ( fig. 38 )...................... Apoica Lepeletier

— Ocelli normal, separated from eyes by more than an ocellar diameter ( fig. 37 ); hindwing with jugal lobe normal, not reduced ( fig. 39 ).......... Agelaia Lepeletier

17. Mesepisternum with dorsal groove ( fig. 40 ); female clypeus with square lateral lobes and sharply pointed apex ( fig. 42 )..................... Angiopolybia Araujo

— Mesepisternum without dorsal groove ( fig. 41 ); female clypeus with lateral lobes rounded ( figs. 37 , 43, 44 ) and apex bluntly pointed ( fig. 37 ) or rounded ( fig. 43 ) or truncate ( fig. 44 )................ 18

18. Metanotum produced posteromedially into elongate lobe overlapping the propodeum ( fig. 45 )......... Protopolybia Ducke

— Metanotum without posterior lobe.... 19

19. Metasomal segment I in dorsal view with short petiole, apically abruptly broadened, wider than half the width of segment II ( fig. 46 ); head in lateral view with tempora much narrower than eye at ocular sinus ( fig. 48 ); pronotum with anteromedial fovea............. Charterginus Fox

— Metasomal segment I in dorsal view differently shaped, narrowly petiolate to sessile ( fig. 47 ); head in lateral view with tempora at least as wide as eye at ocular sinus ( fig. 49 ), usually wider ( fig. 50 ); pronotum without anteromedial fovea........ 20

20. Lateral ocelli almost as far apart as distance from each to eyes ( fig. 51 ); eyes bristled ( fig. 51 ); metasomal segment I not petiolate in dorsal view................................ Protonectarina Ducke

— Lateral ocelli closer to each other than either is to eyes ( fig. 37 ); eyes usually not bristled; metasomal segment I usually petiolate in dorsal view...... Polybia Lepeletier

Figures

Figs. 7–12. Neotropical Polistinae. 7–8. Metasomal terga I and II in dorsal view. 7. Polistes consobrinus de Saussure. 8. Mischocyttarus rotundicollis (Cameron). 9–10. Head and mesosoma in anterolateral view. 9. Polistes consobrinus de Saussure. 10. Parachartergus fraternus (Gribodo). 11–12. Hindtarsus. 11. Mischocyttarus rotundicollis (Cameron). 12. Brachygastra augusti (de Saussure). All scale bars are 1.0 mm.

Figs. 1–6. Neotropical Polistinae. 1–2. Labial palpus. 1. Chartergellus nigerrimus Richards. 2. Pseudopolybia compressa (de Saussure). 3–4. Metasoma in dorsal view. 3. Marimbonda albogrisea Richards. 4. Leipomeles dorsata (Fabricius). 5–6. Hindwing. 5. Marimbonda albogrisea Richards. 6. Leipomeles dorsata (Fabricius). All scale bars are 1.0 mm.

Figs. 25–30. Neotropical Polistinae. 25. Epipona guerini (de Saussure), oblique posterolateral view, with pronotum and tegula set off. 26–29. Oblique posterolateral view. 26. Chartergus artifex (Christ). 27. Asteloeca traili (Cameron). 28. Clypearia sulcata (de Saussure). 29. Synoeca cyanea (Fabricius). 30. Epipona guerini (de Saussure), head in frontal view. All scale bars are 1.0 mm.

Figs. 43–48. Neotropical Polistinae. 43–44. Head in frontal view. 43. Protopolybia sedula (de Saussure). 44. Charterginus fulvus Fox. 45–46. Dorsal view. 45. Protopolybia sedula (de Saussure). 46. Charterginus fulvus Fox. 47. Polybia depressa (Ducke), metasoma in dorsal view. 48. Charterginus fulvus Fox, head and mesosoma in lateral view. All scale bars are 1.0 mm.

Figs. 13–18. Neotropical Polistinae. 13–14. Head and prothorax in oblique frontal view, with procoxa set off in lateral view. 13. Mischocyttarus rotundicollis (Cameron). 14. Brachygastra augusti (de Saussure). 15–16. Agelaia multipicta (Haliday). 15. Head and mesosoma in oblique posterior view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Parachartergus fraternus (Gribodo), posterolateral view. 18. Nectarinella championi (Dover), head and mesosoma in lateral view. All scale bars are 1.0 mm.

Figs. 37–42. Neotropical Polistinae. 37. Polybia bistriata (Fabricius), head in frontal view. 38–39. Hindwing. 38. Apoica pallens (Fabricius). 39. Agelaia multipicta (Haliday), hindwing. 40–41. lateral view. 40. Angiopolybia obidensis (Ducke). 41. Protopolybia sedula (de Saussure). 42. Angiopolybia obidensis (Ducke), head in frontal view. All scale bars are 1.0 mm.

Figs. 19–24. Neotropical Polistinae. 19. Pseudopolybia vespiceps (de Saussure), head and mesosoma in oblique lateral view. 20–21. Forewing. 20. Parachartergus fraternus (Gribodo). 21. Angiopolybia obidensis (Ducke). 22–23. Head and mesosoma in lateral view. 22. Brachygastra augusti (de Saussure). 23. Chartergus artifex (Christ). 24. Brachygastra augusti (de Saussure), oblique posterolateral view, with pronotum and tegula set off. All scale bars are 1.0 mm.

Figs. 49–51. Neotropical Polistinae. 49. Polybia depressa (Ducke), head and mesosoma in lateral view. 50. Protonectarina sylveirae (de Saussure), head in lateral view. 51. Protonectarina sylveirae (de Saussure), head in frontal view. All scale bars are 1.0 mm.

Figs. 31–36. Neotropical Polistinae. 31. Asteloeca traili (Cameron), head in frontal view. 32–33. lateral view. 32. Asteloeca traili (Cameron). 33. Metapolybia cingulata (Fabricius). 34–35. Scutum and tegula in dorsal view. 34. Apoica pallens (Fabricius). 35. Polybia bistriata (Fabricius). 36. Apoica pallens (Fabricius), head in frontal view. All scale bars are 1.0 mm.