Trichilia adolfi Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem

Pennington, Terence D., 2016, Systematic Treatment Of American Trichilia (Meliaceae), Phytotaxa 259 (1), pp. 18-162 : 72-73

23. Trichilia adolfi Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 433 (1925); T. D.Penn., Fl. Neotrop. 28: 125 (1981). Type:— COSTA RICA. Cartago, Tucurrique, fl., Tonduz 13360 (lectotype, K (designated FN 28: 125 (1981), isolectotypes, F, G, GH, K, M, NY, US, W). Map 29

Illustration: FN 28: 124, fig. 20 (1981).

Abbreviated Description. Indumentum mostly of appressed medifixed hairs, leaflets 5–9 (including 2 caducous basal leaflets), alternate to subopposite, 11–21 cm long, 4–6.6(–9) cm broad, oblanceolate, elliptic or lanceolate, inflorescence 7–15 cm long, a densely flowered pyramidal thyrse, petals 4–5, 4–5 mm long, free, imbricate, filaments completely fused, anthers 8–10, nectary absent, ovary 3-locular, pubescent, locules with 2 collateral ovules, fruit 2.5–4 cm long, ovoid or ellipsoid, 3-valved, valves reflexing, puberulous, seed solitary, completely surrounded by a thick fleshy arillode.

MAP 29. Distribution of Trichilia adolfi Harms. Solid dots, distribution pre-1981, open dots new records 1981–2010.

Field Characters. Tree to 30 m high and 50 cm diam., bole cylindrical or sometimes fluted towards the base, bark greyish to dark brown, scaling in irregular plates, slash reddish to orange, flowers pale greenish-cream; the fruit matures pale brown and contains a solitary seed, which is surrounded by a fleshy orange aril. The immature fruit contains a white watery exudate. Flowering throughout the range is recorded from October to March, and fruiting from May to September.

Distribution & Ecology. Since 1980 the known range of this species has extended from a few localities in Costa Rica, to Nicaragua, Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil. I have not yet seen any specimens from Panama, but it has recently been recorded from the Cordillera de Talamanca, Chiriqui (N. Zamora, pers. comm.). It is a component of non-flooded lowland and montane rain forest with an elevational range from 100–1000 m. In Costa Rica it is confined to mid elevation forest, whereas in Amazonian South America it extends into lowland forest.

Representative Additional Collections. NICARAGUA. Zelaya: 2 km from Colonia Serrano, Comarca El Escobilla (NW1184), Sandino 3309 (K, NY).

COSTA RICA. Alajuela: Monteverde Biological Reserve (NW1084), Haber & Cruz 6987 (MO). Cartago: Turrialba-Limón (NW0983), Pennington & Budowski 10124 (CATIE, FHO). Guanacaste: Candelaria de Abangares (NW1084), Bello 444 (K). Limón: Talamanca, Campo Diablo (NW0982), Gomez-Laurito et al. 12763 (MO, US). San José: Perez Zelendon, Tinamaste, Finca de los Suizos (NW0983), Estrada & Valverde 1696 (NY).

COLOMBIA. Antioquia: El Rio, Segovia (NW0675), Renteria et al. 1582 (MO, NY).

ECUADOR. Orellana: Yasuní Forest Reserve, near PUCE Scientific Station (SW0076), Acevedo-Rodriguez & Cedeño 7582 (K, NY, US). Sucumbios: Oleoducto Eden-Yuturi-Lago Agrio, Comunidad San Roque (SW0076), Freire & Suarez 5115 (K).

PERU. Amazonas: Dist. Imaza, Comunidad de Yamayakat (SW0478), Rodríguez 472 (F). Huánuco: Tornavista road, km 29 (SW0874), R.Lao 10 (G, K, NY, US). Junín: Dist. Pangoa, Puerto Ocopa (SW1174), Reynel 262 (K, MOL). Loreto: Prov. Alto Amazonas: Andoas (SW0276), Vásquez & Jaramillo 1910 (MO). Madre de Dios: Prov. Tahuamanu, road Iberia to Inapari km 32 (SW1269), Diaz 122 (MO). San Martín: Mariscal Caceres, Tocache Nuevo (SW0876), Schunke 8136 (NY).

BRAZIL. Acre: Municipio Tarauaca, R. Tarauaca, Carapana Indigenous Reserve (SW0871), Daly et al. 8693 (K, NY).