Trichilia pleeana (A. Juss.) C.DC.

Pennington, Terence D., 2016, Systematic Treatment Of American Trichilia (Meliaceae), Phytotaxa 259 (1), pp. 18-162 : 99-101

Additional Collections Examined. COLOMBIA. Bolívar: San Juan de Nepomuceno, Loma de Los Colorados (NW0975), Cuadros 5113 (K). Sucre: Coloso (NW0975), Soto & Giraldo 38 (K). Tolima: Municipio de Méndez, Finca Bremen (NW0574), Mendoza, Repizzo & Gordillo 1026 (COL). Without exact locality (NW1075), Rodríguez & Olivaes 152 (COL.) 46. Trichilia pleeana (A. Juss.) C.DC. in Mart., Fl. Bras. 11(1): 215 (1878); T.D.Penn., Fl. Neotrop. 28: 198 (1981). Map 52

Moschoxylum pleeanum A. Juss., Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 23: 239 (1830); Mém. Mus. Nat. Hist. 19: 239, 281 (1831). Type :— BRAZIL. Rio Negro, fl., Plée 10 (holotype, P) .

Trichilia gleasonii P.T.Li & X.M.Chen, Acta Phytotax. Sinica 22(6): 496 (1984), nom. nov. for T. krukovii Gleason (1934) not A.C.Smith (1933).

For synonymy see FN28: 198 (1981). Illustration: FN28: 153, fig. 27 (1981).

MAP 52. Distribution of Trichilia pleeana (A.Juss.) C.DC. Solid dots, distribution pre-1981, open dots new records 1981–2010.

Abbreviated Description. Indumentum of appressed dibrachiate or malpighiaceous hairs, leaflets +/- dimorphic, 3–7 normal ones and 2–6 greatly reduced basal leaflets at the base of the petiole, alternate to less frequently opposite, (7.5–)9 × (2.6–)3.5–20 × 7 cm, narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, inflorescence 9–20 (–25) cm long, a few- to many-flowered pyramidal thyrse, petals 4–5, (2.5–)3–4.5(–5) mm long, free or fused to 1/4–1/2 their length and becoming free as the petals reflex, valvate, filaments completely fused into a staminal tube, margin with subulate lobes, anthers 8–10, ovary puberulous, (2–)3(–4)-locular, locules with 2 collateral ovules, capsule 1.5–3 cm long, (2–)3(–4)-valved, ovoid or globose, usually strongly to weakly verrucose, glabrous, drying black, seeds 1–2, completely surrounded by a thick fleshy arillode.

Field Characters. The reduced basal leaflets on the petiole develop before or simultaneously with the normal leaflets; mature capsule dark glossy green.

Distribution & Ecology. Widely distributed from Costa Rica and Panama, southwards through Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador, Peru to Bolivia, also in Venezuela and southern Guyana, though not yet recorded from Surinam or French Guiana. Present in western and central Brazilian Amazonia and in coastal Brazil. It is a species of lowland rain forest, recorded on both non-flooded and periodically flooded land.

Representative Additional Collections. COSTA RICA. Guanacaste: Cantón Tilarán, 5 km before Tilarán (NW1084), Jiménez et al. 1326 (CR). San José: Cantón de Puriscal, Cerro Pilón (NW0984), Morales 3946 (K).

PANAMA. Canal Zone: Barro Colorado Island (NW0979), Schmalzel & Schupp 958 (K). Darien: Darien National Park, Campamento Casa Vieja (NW0778), Herrera et al. 968 (K). Panamá: Serrania de Maje trail (NW0878), Churchill & de Nevers 4325 (K).

COLOMBIA. Valle: Municipio Zarzal, Rio Paila (NW0476), Gentry 54106 (K).

VENEZUELA. Bolívar: Municipio Piar, Isla en el lago de Guri (NW0762), Aymard et al. 10196 (K). Falcón: Zamora, Cerro el Caballo (NW1169), Ruiz et al. 1377 (K). Monagas: Distrito Caripe, El Colavellino, Los Rostrojos (NW1063), Huber & Canales 6340 (K). Portuguesa: 30 km W of Guanare, Rio Tucupido (NW0970), Liesner et al. 12566 (K). Amazonas: Dept. Rio Negro, Sierra de Parima (NW0263), Morin 1856 (K).

GUYANA. Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo, Kwitaro Landing (NW0258), D. Clarke et al. 6218 (K).

ECUADOR. Morona-Santiago: N of Gualaquiza (SW0378), Pennington & Tenorio 10770 (K). Napo: Canton Archidona, Volcan Sumaco, Hollin-Loreto km 31 (SW0077), Palacios 4123 (K). Orellana: 30 km NNW of Coca, Rio Huashito (SW0077), Pennington 10588 (K). Pastaza: Cantón Pastaza, Pozo Petrolero “Moretecocha” de ARCO (SW0177), Gudiño et al. 1031 (K). Sucumbios: Cantón Gonzalo Pizarro, Lago-Agrio to Quito, km 73 (SW0077), Quelal et al. 405 (K).

PERU. Huánuco: Puerto Inca, Yuyapichis, DANTAS (SW0975), Kroll 200 (MOL, K). Loreto: lower Ucayali, Jenaro Herrera (SW0473), Kvist & Freitas 1993 (K). Junín: Satipo, Zapallal (SW1174), Reynel 474 (K, MOL). Madre de Dios: Tambopata (SW1269), Gentry et al. 45642 (K). Pasco: Prov. Oxapampa, Dist. Iscozazcín (SW1075), Pariona & Pedro 1008 (F, NY). San Martín: Tarapoto, Dist. Juan Guerra, Tarapoto-Bellavista km 25 (SW0676), Pennington et al. 12362 (K, MOL). Ucayali: Prov. Purus, Rio la Novia (SW1070), Schunke & Graham 14835 (K).

BRAZIL. Acre: Municipio Sena Madureira, Rio Jaco, Nova Olinda (SW1069), Daly et al. 7970 (K). Amazonas: Municipio Novo Japura, Rio Japura (SW0167), Amaral et al. 383 (K). Bahía: Jussari, road Jussari-Palmira (SW1539), Fiaschi et al. 1216 (K). Espirito Santo: Reserva Florestal CVRD, Linhares (SW1939), Folli 302/80 (K, NY). Maranhão: Municipio de Altamira, Igarapé Ipixuna (SW0452), Balée & Ribeiro 1714 (K). Pará: Sete Varas airstrip on R. Curua (SW0054), Strudwick et al. 4415 (K). Rondonia: Municipio Presidente Medici, BR 364, Cuiaba-Porto Velho, km 300 (SW1162), Cid et al. 4857 (K).

BOLIVIA. Beni: Prov. Gral. Ballivian, R. Maniqui (SW1466), Cerón 16178 (K). La Paz: Prov. Sud Yungas, Sapecho-Inicua (SW1567), Seidel & Hirschle 2579 (K). Santa Cruz: Prov. Velasco, Parque Nacional Noel Kempff M., Bella Vista (SW1361), Guillén & Soliz 3866 (K).

Relationships. Although this species has a wide distribution, it is morphologically relatively non-variable throughout its range, and it is therefore surprising to find that the two ITS accessions of this species are widely separated within sect. Moschoxylum .