Seraphs carcassense ( Leymerie, 1846 )

Maxwell, Stephen J., Rymer, Tasmin L. & Congdon, Bradley C., 2021, Resolving phylogenetic and classical nomenclature: A revision of Seraphsidae Jung, 1974 (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae), Zootaxa 4990 (3), pp. 401-453 : 411-412

Seraphs carcassense ( Leymerie, 1846)

Figure 4C

1846 Terebellum carcassense Leymerie , p. 33, pl. XVI, no. 9. = Terebellum (Terebellum) carcassense Leymerie — Jung 1974, p. 17. = Terebellum carcassonense Leymerie — Jung 1974, p. 17. Eames 1952, p. 73. = Terebellum carcasensis Leymerie — Eames 1952, p. 73. = Terebellum carcassense Leymerie — de Gregorio 1896, p. 36. Eames 1952, p. 73. Jung 1974, p. 17, pl. 4, figs. 10, 11.

Terebellum oliviforme Mayer — de Gregorio 1880, p. 25. Jung 1974, p. 17, pl. 4, fig. 5.

Seraphs (Seraphs) sp. Jung, 1974, pl. 5, figs. 1, 2.

Type material. We designate Leymerie 1846, p. 33, pl. XVI, no. 9 as the lectotype. The lectotype measures 58 mm in length, with a width of 20 mm ( Leymerie 1846).

Type locality. Montagne Noire , Carcassonne, France [Eocene] .

Diagnosis. The shell is smooth and ovate. The spire is moderately high and blunted. The columella is straight, and the aperture is narrow.

Distribution. EOCENE— Pakistan Bhagothoro Hill, Sind, Laki Beds ( Jung 1974); Zinda Pir ( Jung 1974). Republic of Georgia Akhaltsikhe ( Jung 1974). Iran Transcaspia or northern Persia ( Eames 1952). Spain ( Eames 1952). Switzerland ( Eames 1952). Italy ( Eames 1952). France ( Eames 1952). Bartonian/Lutetian— Armenia ( Eames 1952). Bartonian— Italy ( Eames 1952). Lutetian— France ( Eames 1952). Italy The Bavarian Alps and Bahrein Island ( Eames 1952). Ypresian— France ( Eames 1952). PALEOCENE—Thanetian— France Carcassonne ( Jung 1974).

Remarks. One of the earliest Seraphs , arising during the Thanetian, S. carcasense is the current candidate to link the Palaeocene west African S. minus and the later Seraphs radiations complex during the Eocene. While sharing similarities with S. sopitus , a species with which it has been synonymised ( Jung 1974), the fossil records indicate that S. carcasense precedes that species, which arose in the Ypresian.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Seraphs Montfort, 1810. A. Seraphs andersoni (Dickerson, 1917), holotype, CAS Department of Geology 434, length 38 mm (Jung 1974, pl. 9, fig. 5). B. Seraphs belemnitus (Palmer, 1953), PRI 29236, length 48.2 mm (Jung 1974, pl. 6, figs. 12–14). C. Seraphs caracassense (Leymerie, 1846), BMNH G50180, length 51.3mm (Jung 1974, pl. 4, figs. 10, 11). D. Seraphs chilophorus (Cossmann, 1889), MNHN A28779, Collection de Paleontologie, Paris, length 29 mm (Caze et al. 2010, figs. 15A, B, D). E. Seraphs hernandoensis (Mansfield, 1937), holotype, USNM 495948, length 31.4 mm (Jung 1974, pl. 9, figs. 7–9). F. Seraphs kaindraperi new sp., holotype, USNM 135098, length 50.6 mm (Jung 1974, pl. 5, figs. 3, 4). G. Seraphs leukoleptus Jung, 1974, neotype, MNHN A28781, Collection de Paleontologie, Paris, length 27.6 mm (Caze et al. 2010, figs. 11F, H, I). H. Seraphs mayeri Jung, 1974, holotype, NMB H16579, length 21.4 mm (Jung 1974, pl. 8, figs. 16–18).