Glorichlamys quadrilirata ( Lischke, 1870 )

Dijkstra, Henk H. & Beu, Alan G., 2018, Living Scallops of Australia and Adjacent Waters (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinoidea: Propeamussiidae, Cyclochlamydidae and Pectinidae), Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 70 (2), pp. 113-330 : 193-194

Glorichlamys quadrilirata ( Lischke, 1870)

Figs 36B,E, 38B,D,H,J, 39, 40A,E,G

Pecten quadriliratus Lischke, 1870: 29 ; Lischke, 1871: 158, pl. 9, figs 5–6; Dunker, 1882: 240; Küster & Kobelt, 1888: 136, pl. 37, figs 6–7; Paetel, 1890: 233; Pilsbry, 1895: 144; Yokoyama, 1924: 57, pl. 4, fig. 10.

Pecten (Chlamys) quadriliratus Lischke. –Dautzenberg & Bavay, 1912: 4.

Chlamys quadrilirata (Lischke) .–Kuroda, 1932: 93; Lamy, 1935: 307; Kira, 1967: 136, pl. 49, fig. 6; Dharma, 2005, p. 248, pl. 99, fig. 8.

Chlamys (Chlamys) quadrilirata (Lischke) .–Habe, 1951: 74; Azuma, 1960: 75.

Bractechlamys quadrilirata (Lischke) .–Habe, 1977: 83; Wang, 1983b: 531, 533, pl. 1, figs 8-10; Hayami, 2000: 903, pl. 449, fig. 30; Xu & Zhang, 2008: 85, fig. 238.

“ Chlamys ” quadrilirata (Lischke) .–Dijkstra, (1983–1989) 1989: 14, figs.

Glorichlamys quadrilirata (Lischke) .–Dijkstra, 1991: 45; Dijkstra, (1983–1994) 1993: 10, figs; Dijkstra & Knudsen, 1998: 60, pl. 10, figs 46–47; Wang, 2002: 195; Raines & Poppe, 2006: 116–117, lower figs; pl. 68, figs 4–5; Dijkstra, 2013: 40, pl. 10, figs 2a–d, pl. 26, figs 4a–b.

Glorichlamys elegantissima (Deshayes in Maillard).–Huber, 2010: 199 (left and right figures; misidentification).

Type data. Repository of type material unknown (not found in the Löbbecke Museum and Aquazoo, Düsseldorf; Cosel, 1998: 28). Type locality: Nagasaki, Japan. The specimen in ZMA (now in NBC) from off Kyushu, Japan, alive, 85 m (1 pr, ZMA Moll.142768) is here designated the neotype of Pecten quadriliratus Lischke, 1870 .

Additional material examined. — AUSTRALIA: QUEENSLAND: GBR, E of Swain Reefs, 21°43'S 152°51'E, dead, 113 m (4 v, C.375138); SE of Swain Reefs, 22°31.4'S 152°32.6' E, dead, 100 m (many v, C.151493); E of Lady Musgrave Island, 23°52.5' S – 23°51.9' S 152°42.7'E – 152°41.7'E, dead, 296 m (1 v, C.310694). WESTERNAUSTRALIA: 72 n. ml NNW of Dampier,19°28.9'– 19°29.0' S 116°29.4'– 116°29.0'E, dead, 110 m (1 v, C.165153); 80 n. ml NNE of Port Hedland, 19°03.6'– 19°03.4'S 119°03.4'– 119°03.5'E, dead, 82 m (7 v, C.165151); 85 n. ml NNW of Port Hedland , 19°00.8'S 118°01.3'E, dead, 112 m (3 v, C.165152) . NORTHERN TERRITORY: Arafura Sea, c. 100 ml N of Croker Island, 9°30'S 132°34'E, dead, 124 m (3 v, C. 375141); Arafura Sea, c. 45 ml N of Croker Island, 10°17'S 132°38'E, dead, 65 m (2 v, C.375139); Arafura Sea , c. 250 ml NE of Croker Island, 8°09'S 134°50'E, dead, 115 m (3 v, C.375142); Darwin , 36 km off Point Charles , 12°10'S 130°22'E,dead, 27–37 m (4 v, C.375137); Cox Peninsula , 2.5 km E of Mandorah, 12°26.6'S 130°46.8' E, dead, 17 m (2 v, NTM P16279); W side Darwin Harbour , Cox Peninsula , Mandorah jetty, 9 m, 12°26.584'S 130°46.088'E,(2 pr, NTM P018368 ); Darwin, 12°27'S 130°50'E, dead (1 v, C.375140); Darwin area , Cullen Bay, dead (1 v, WAM 12563, in part) . — THAILAND: Phuket Island, Kho Raya Yai , alive, 25 m (1 pr, ZMA Moll. 145611) . — JAPAN: Kyushu , alive, 85 m (1 pr, ZMA Moll. 142768) . — CHINA: South China Sea , alive, 59 m (1 pr, ZMA Moll. 142760) . — PHILIPPINE ISLANDS : N Cebu, off Sogod , alive, 120–180 m (1 pr, ZMA Moll. 142767) . — INDONESIA: Banda Sea, off Ambon , alive, 80–92 m (1 pr, ZMA Moll. 142755) . — PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Milne Bay, dead, 24–32 m (1 v, ZMA Moll. 142765) . — NEW CALEDONIA: Pouébo , alive, 30–70 m (1 pr, ZMA Moll. 142756) . — FIJI ISLANDS : Viti Levu, Nadi Bay ( Tomba Ko Nandi ), 17°44' S 177°25'E, dead, 9–35 m (1 v, C.067848); Mbengga Island , alive, 37 m (1 pr, ZMA Moll. 142758) .

Description. Shell small, up to c. 25 mm high, subcircular (juveniles) to oblong (adult), inequivalve (ribbing discrepant), slightly inequilateral, both valves weakly inflated, interior plicate, umbonal angle c. 85–90°, auricles highly unequal in shape and size; left valve cream with purple or brown maculations, right valve paler or whitish.

Left valve sculptured with 8–10 prominent quadripartite (in mature individuals) radial plicae with rounded crests, with 1–3 intercalated radial riblets in each interspace. Microsculpture of closely spaced commarginal lamellae. Anterior auricle with 10–12 weakly to strongly developed radial riblets, lamellate and noduliferous on dorsal margin; posterior auricle very small, with few fine radial riblets.

Right valve with broad prominent quadripartite radial plicae, crests less rounded than on left valve; one interstitial radial riblet in each interspace. Microsculpture as on left valve. Anterior auricle with c. 10 squamose radial riblets. Byssal notch weak, byssal fasciole small, functional ctenolium with 4–6 teeth. Very weak, short, internal rib carinae present around ventral margin on some specimens. Dimensions. Illustrated specimens: WA, northwest shelf, 80 nautical miles NNE of Port Hedland, 82 m, two unmatched valves (AM C.165151): rv: H 16.2, L 13.6 mm; lv: H 17.9, L 15.3 mm; NT, W side Darwin Harbour, Cox Peninsula, Mandorah jetty, 9 m, 12°26.584'S 130°46.088'E, pr (NTM P018368): H 22.4, L 17.8, D 6.8 mm.

Habitat. Living in the intertidal zone and on the continental shelf, amongst coral rubble on sand or muddy sand.

Distribution. Throughout the tropical Indo-West Pacific, from the Ryukyu Islands , southern Japan, to northern Australia, westwards into the Indian Ocean to the Red Sea and Malagasy Republic (MNHN), and eastwards into the central Pacific to Fiji (Raines & Poppe, 2006: 116); Japan, 5–50 m (Okutani, 2000: 903); Philippines, 25–30 (alive), 78–116 m (dead) (Dijkstra, 2013: 40); Vanuatu, 21–210 m, dead (Dijkstra & Maestrati, 2012: 405). Maximum depth range of live-taken specimens is 20–80 m (unpublished data, HHD). Present material from Australia alive at 9 m, dead at 17– 296 m.

Remarks. The present material is indistinguishable from examined specimens from Japan (NSMT, HD) and from the original description by Lischke.

For comparison with the congeneric species Glorichlamys elegantissima see Dijkstra (1989: 12) and above. Both species seem to prefer a coral environment with a similar habitat, byssally attached to the underside of living coral or amongst dead coral rubble on sandy bottoms.

Glorichlamys quadrilirata is a new record for Australia.