Titanogryllus oxossi Souza-Dias & de Mello, 2018

Jaiswara, Ranjana, Souza-Dias, Pedro G. B., Campos, Lucas Denadai De, Redü, Darlan R., De Mello, Francisco De A. G. & Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2018, Titanogryllus n. gen., the largest Gryllinae cricket from the Neotropical Region with three new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae), Zootaxa 4402 (3), pp. 487-507 : 496-501

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4402.3.4
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AFBEB273-0057-4F25-B702-CA2CB4568361
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5987501
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987AF-8032-FFD0-FF4B-6BB7FD4530C5
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Titanogryllus oxossi Souza-Dias & de Mello
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Titanogryllus oxossi Souza-Dias & de Mello View in CoL n. sp.

Figures 1B View FIGURE 1 , 7–10 View FIGURE7 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9 View FIGURE 10 , 13A View FIGURE 13

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:501945

Type locality. Brazil, Bahia State, municipality of Mucuri.

Etymology. Ọ ṣọ́ ̀ ọ gỳ(Oxóssi in portuguese) is an orisha of the Yoruba religion in West Africa, and the canbomblé in Brazil. Oxóssi is the spirit associated with the animals, forests, and hunt. Distribution. Atlantic Forest, in Bahia State, municipality of Mucuri.

Type material. Holotype, allotype, 1 male paratype. Holotype: male, with genitalia removed and kept with the specimen, and the right leg II missing, labeled “ Brasil, BA [Bahia]. Mucuri, Faz. Farol. 14-16/vii/1989 . 2-M. 89/ 81. F.A.G. Mello col.” ( BOTU). Allotype: female, with the copulatory papilla removed and kept with the specimen, labeled “ Brasil, BA [Bahia], Mucuri, Fazenda Farol - mata. i-96 . 18o04’01’’S/39o40’23”W. F.A.G. Mello & S.S. Nihei, leg. 5-M” (BOTU). Paratype. 1 male with left leg I missing, and the genitalia and FWs removed and kept with the specimen, same data as the holotype ( BOTU).

Diagnosis. Species large, but smaller than T. salgado n. sp. (~ 3cm body length), general coloration light to yellowish brown. Male genitalia: anterior margin of pseudepiphallic sclerite without medial furrow; lateral lophi bifurcated, inner projection pointed, spine-like; medial lophi below inner margins of lateral lophi; pseudepiphallic parameres thin, shorter than in T. salgado n. sp., apex rounded. Female. General coloration darker than males: body light brown, head and pronotum medium brown. Copulatory papilla small, rounded; base convex dorsally, with medial invagination, medially extended ventrally; apex membranous, rounded, smaller than in T. salgado n. sp., as in Figs. 10 A–C View FIGURE 10 .

Description. In addition to the characters of the genus:

General coloration light to yellowish brown ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 , 7A View FIGURE7 , 8A View FIGURE 8 ). Head. Head large, wider than long, yellowish brown ( Figs. 7A, B View FIGURE7 ). Posterior margin of occiput yellowish brown, with 4 lines going from occiput to vertex ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 , 7A, B View FIGURE7 ). Occiput and vertex glabrous ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 , 7A, B, C, I View FIGURE7 , 8A View FIGURE 8 ). Eyes small, with very reduced unpigmented area on dorsal margin ( Figs. 7B, C, I View FIGURE7 ). Fastigium glabrous, wide as vertex, at least 2x wider than antennal scape ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 , 7A, B, C, I View FIGURE7 ). Antennal scape and antennomeres light brown ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 , 7A–C, I View FIGURE7 ). In lateral view, gena yellowish brown ( Fig. 7C View FIGURE7 ). Three ocelli, almost in line; lateral ocellus small, circular; median ocellus small, flat ( Figs. 7C, I View FIGURE7 ). Maxillary palpi light brown; apex rounded, whitish. Frons light brown, very short, shorter than clypeus ( Fig. 7I View FIGURE7 ). Clypeus, labrum and mandibles light brown ( Fig. 7I View FIGURE7 ).

Thorax. DD saddle-shaped, glabrous, wider than long, light brown, with medium brown maculae; cephalic margin concave, caudal margin almost straight ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 , 7A–C View FIGURE7 , 8A View FIGURE 8 ). LL ventro-cephalic angle and ventral margin rounded, ventro-caudal angle ascendant ( Fig. 7C View FIGURE7 ).

Legs. Legs I, II light brown ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 , 7A View FIGURE7 ). TI with two auditory tympana, two ventral spurs and one dorsal (inner). TII with 4 spurs. Legs III not specially elongated, shorter than body length. FIII light brown, with longitudinal medium brown line; FIII medium brown in the articulation with TIII. TIII and basitarsus–III light brown. Double row of spines on basitarsus–III. TIII with spines before the subapical spurs; subapical spurs 3/3. Apical spurs: median longest on both sides, dorsal slightly shorter, ventral smaller.

Abdomen. Abdomen light brown, glabrous; cerci light brown ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 , 7A View FIGURE7 ).

Male. Male FWs reaching tergite 4, medium brown; anal vein area bulged dorsally; harp crossed with 4 almost transverse veins; stridulatory vein with 102 teeth (n=1); mirror undivided, distinct from apical venation; apical field very short, almost reduced; lateral field with 4-5 longitudinal veins ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 , 7A, D–F View FIGURE7 , 13A View FIGURE 13 ). Metanotum without metanotal structures. Male supra anal plate light brown ( Fig. 7G View FIGURE7 ). Subgenital plate light brown, shieldshaped, proximal margin almost straight, distal margin rounded, extended medially ( Fig. 7H View FIGURE7 ). Male genitalia.

Pseudepiphallus: anterior margin without medial furrow ( Figs. 9A, D, F View FIGURE 9 ); lateral lophi bifurcated, inner projection pointed, spine-like ( Figs. 9A, B D View FIGURE 9 ); medial lophi below inner margins of lateral lophi ( Figs. 9A, D, F View FIGURE 9 ). Rami elongated, apically bent towards ventral side; apex of each ramus separated ( Figs. 9–C View FIGURE 9 ). Pseudepiphallic parameres thin, shorter than in T. salgado n. sp., apex rounded ( Figs. 9B, E View FIGURE 9 ). Ectophallic invagination: ectophallic apodemes shorter than in T. salgado n. sp. ( Fig. 9A View FIGURE 9 ); ectophallic arc dorsal, thin, almost indistinguishable, below pseudepiphallic medial lophi; ectophallic fold furrowed, longer than in T. salgado n. sp. and T. oxente n. sp. Endophallus: endophallic sclerite small, related to ectophallic fold ( Fig. 9B View FIGURE 9 ); endophallic cavity reduced.

Female. Larger than male, shorter than females of T. salgado n. sp. ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE 8 ). General coloration darker than males: body light to medium brown; head and pronotum medium brown ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE 8 ). FW small, very reduced ( Figs. 8A, B View FIGURE 8 ). Abdomen glabrous, yellowish to medium brown ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE 8 ). Supra anal plate pubescent, medially constricted, light brown with medium brown small maculae; proximal margin almost straight, distal margin rounded ( Fig. 8C View FIGURE 8 ). Subgenital plate small, proximal margin almost straight, distal margin medially convex, angles rounded ( Fig. 8D View FIGURE 8 ). Ovipositor short, shorter than FIII; apex of ovipositor modified, with conspicuous concavity; apex pointed and curved in lateral view, with ventral protuberance, as in T. salgado n. sp. ( Figs. 8E–G View FIGURE 8 ).

Female genitalia. Copulatory papilla small, rounded; base convex dorsally, with medial invagination, medially extended ventrally; apex membranous, rounded, smaller than in T. salgado n. sp., as in Figs. 10 A–C View FIGURE 10 .

Measurements (mm). Males (n=2)– mean (range): BL – 29.77 (28.8–30.75); PL – 3.9 (3.75–4.05); PW – 6.22 (6– 6.45); FWL – 9.9 (9.75–10.05); FWW – 6.52 (6.3–6.75); LFIII – 17.4 (16.5–18.3); WFIII – 5.1 (4.95–5.25); LTIII – 9.22 (8.7–9.75).

Female (n=1): BL – 30.3; HW – 7.35; IOD – 4.2; PL – 4.05; AWP – 7.05; PWP – 5.25; PW – 7.05; LFIII – 17.25; WFIII – 5.1; LTIII – 9.15; LBt-III – 4.2; OL – 8.25.