Senecio patens (Kunth) Candolle (1838: 423)

Calvo, Joel & Freire, Efraín, 2016, A nomenclator of Senecio group Lasiocephalus (Compositae, Senecioneae): nomenclatural and taxonomic notes and new typifications, Phytotaxa 260 (2), pp. 116-130 : 124-125

14. Senecio patens (Kunth) Candolle (1838: 423) . Cacalia patens Kunth in Humboldt et al. (1818: 129). Aetheolaena patens (Kunth) Nordenstam (1978: 56) . Lasiocephalus patens (Kunth) Cuatrecasas (1978: 311) . Type:— ECUADOR. Cotopaxi, “inter pagum Mulalo et villam Pansache, in declivitate orientali montis Cotopaxi ” [from indicatio locotypica], F.W.H.A. Humboldt & A.J.A. Bonpland 3123 (lectotype: P-00320226 digital image!, designated here)

Senecio bullatus Bentham (1845: 208) . Type:— ECUADOR. Pichincha, declivity of Pichincha, also in the Monte de Tiopullo , K.T. Hartweg 1156 (lectotype: K-000497736 digital image!, designated here; isolectotypes: E-00417031 digital image!, F-0076855F digital image!, F-0076856F (fragment) digital image!, F-0076857F (fragment) digital image!, LD-1221605 digital image!, NY-00259127 digital image!, NY-00259128 digital image!, P-01816887 digital image!, P-01816888 digital image!).

Gynoxys prenanthifolia Turczaninow (1851a: 207) . Type :— ECUADOR. Andes of Quito, W. Jameson 636 (lectotype: BM-001191598 digital image!, designated here; isolectotypes: K-001092818 digital image!, KW-001001525 (right-hand plant) digital image!, US-00122932 digital image!).

Senecio cuencanus var. tomentellus Hieronymus (1901: 632) [“tomentella”]. Type:— COLOMBIA. Cauca, W. Andes of Popayán, F.C. Lehmann 5963 (lectotype: K-000497741 digital image!, designated here; isolectotype: MO-714300 (fragment) digital image!).

Senecio patens var. prenanthoideus Hieronymus (1901: 632) [“prenanthoidea”]. Type:— COLOMBIA. [Probably collected at Túquerres, Nariño], J.J. Triana 1452 (lectotype: BM-001191595 digital image!, designated here). Syntype: COLOMBIA. [Sine loco], J.J. Triana 1453 (MO-2140919 (fragment) digital image!).

Nomenclatural notes: —The Humboldt and Bonpland Herbarium in Paris and the Willdenow Herbarium in Berlin contain potential type material of the name C. patens Kunth in Humboldt et al. (1818: 129). In P there is two specimens collected by Humboldt and Bonpland. The first one (P-00320226) is numbered “3123” by Bonpland ( Hind & Jeffrey 2001), and the other (P-01816703) shows a label with the indication “Quito”, which does not match the information provided in the protologue by Kunth (1818). In the Willdenow Herbarium there is a specimen (B-W-14597-01 0) bearing a blue label with the number “3059” and “(Humboldt)”. According to Hind & Jeffrey (2001) the name Humboldt between parentheses was added by Schlechtendal in order to indicate the writer of the label. On the same sheet Schultz Bipontinus added later another label with the number “14597”. There is another specimen (B-W-15067- 01 0) with the identification “ Cacalia patens ” handwritten by Willdenow but there is no clue connecting this specimen with Humboldt and Bonpland’s material. On this sheet Schultz Bipontinus also added a label with the number “15067”. Finally, in F there are plant fragments mounted on a sheet including two labels in Schultz Bipontinus’ handwriting that connect them to the aforementioned sheets at B through Willdenow Herbarium’s numbers 14597 and 15067. This ambiguous information makes it difficult to determine from which of the two sheets the fragments were taken off. On this basis, the only specimens that do not disagree with the protologue and could be unequivocally attributed to Humboldt and Bonpland’s herbarium are those numbered 3123 (P) and 3059 (B-W). We designate the specimen P-00320226 as the lectotype because it is best preserved.

Concerning the lectotypification of the name S. bullatus Bentham (1845: 208) , it should be noted that most of the isolectotypes are only referenced with Hartweg’s number 1156 and no further mention of the locality is provided. In some cases its provenance is wrongly assigned to Colombia instead of Ecuador. A mistake during the labeling process done in the herbaria where Hartweg’s exsiccatae were distributed could explain the confusion between both countries.

The isolectotype of Gynoxys prenanthifolia Turczaninow (1851a: 207) kept at KW contains mixed material. The two plants on the left-hand are excluded because we identify them as S. betonicifolius . Likewise, we exclude the specimen BM-001191596 because it belongs to S. subinvolucratus Cuatrecasas (1953: 149) .

In the protologue of the name S. cuencanus var. tomentellus Hieronymus (1901: 632) , the author indicated as type material the collection Lehmann 5962. We located two specimens perfectly matching the protologue but numbered 5963. This presumably is the correct collection number, and therefore the mistake should be attributed to the protologue.

Distribution: — Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela.