Harpalus (Pseudoophonus) pastor Motschulsky, 1844

Kataev, Boris M. & Liang, Hongbin, 2015, Taxonomic review of Chinese species of ground beetles of the subgenus Pseudoophonus (genus Harpalus) (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Zootaxa 3920 (1), pp. 1-39 : 15-17

Harpalus (Pseudoophonus) pastor Motschulsky, 1844

( Figs 32–33 )

Harpalus pastor Motschulsky, 1844: 208 . Type locality: "frontiere de la Mongolie ".

Harpalus (Pardileus) tschiliensis Schauberger, 1829: 186 . Type locality: "Tschi-Li [= Hebei]; Hupe Johong", China. Harpalus (Pardileus) tschiliensis sutschanensis Schauberger, 1929: 187 . Type locality: "Sutschan, Ussuri", Russia. Harpalus (Pardileus) tschiliensis hweisinensis Schauberger, 1829: 188 . Type locality: "Hweisin", Gansu, China. Harpalus (Pardileus) tschiliensis szetschuanensis Schauberger, 1930: 177 . Type locality: "Kwanshien und Mts. Yunling" (Sichuan), "Mts. Wuschan" (Hupeh), "Mts. Toyentschan" (Guangxi), and "Fokien" (Fujian), China. Harpalus (Pardileus) tschiliensis szetschuanensis ab. lateripunctatus Schauberger, 1930: 177 (unavailable name). Type locality: "Kwanshien und Yunling", Sichuan, China.

Harpalus (Pseudoophonus) penglainus Huang, Hu & Sun, 1994: 264 , 268, syn. n. Type locality: Penglai, Shandong, China. Harpalus (Pseudoophonus) chiloschizontus Huang in Huang & Zhang, 1995: 114, 117, syn. n. Type locality: Wuyi Mt, Fujian, China.

Type material. Lectotype of H. pastor [designated by Kataev (2002)]: ♂, labeled " pastor m.", " Mongolie, type Motsch." ( MNHN).

Paratypes of H. tschiliensis szetschuanensis : ♀, labeled " China, Pr. Szechwan, Mts. Yunling", "Cotype", " Pardileus tschiliensis Schaub. s. szetschuanensis Schaub. det. Dr. E. Schaub." ( MNHN); 1 ♂, same data as preceding but with additional label "Ex. coll. Lutshnik" ( ZIN); 1 ♂, labeled " China, Prov. Szechwan, Gbg. b. Kwanshien", "Cotype", " tschiliensis Schb. s. szetschuanensis Schb., det. Dr. E. Schaub.", " Pardileus v. szetschuanensis Schb", and "Ex. coll. Lutshnik" ( ZIN).

Paratype of H. penglainus : ♀, labeled "Shandong, Penglai, in vegetable farm, VIII.19.1992, Sun Dongmei leg." [in Chinese ], and " Harpalus (Pseudoophonus) penglainus " ( SAUCH).

Holotype of H. chiloschizontus : ♂, labeled "Fujian Wuyi Mt., Sangang, 1982. IX.16, Liao Subai leg." [in Chinese ], " Harpalus chiloschizontus sp. n., H.T.L." ( IOZ). Paratypes: 1 ♂, 4 ♀, "Fujian, [Wuyishan], Sangang / light trap, 1982. IX.20, Liao Subai collector" [in Chinese ], " Harpalus chiloschizontus sp. n., 1993.6.28, det. Huang Tongling" ( IOZ).

Additional material examined. More than 1300 specimens (985 from China), including the following specimens from Beijing, Anhui, Shaanxi, Henan, Hunan and Xizang. China. BEIJING: 1 ♀, Bada Ling, 28.VIII.1955 ( IOZ); 1 ♂, Beijing, Haidian, 28.VIII.1954, Cai Jianping leg. ( IOZ). ANHUI: 6 ♂, 2 ♀, Qianshan, Tianzhushan, Foguangsi, light trap, 30.72331°N 116.45518°E, 680 m, 21.VI.2004, H.-B. Liang & T. Sota leg. ( IOZ). SHAANXI: several specimens, South Taibaishan, 1600 m, 33°53'N 107°49'E, 15.VIII.–15.X.1999, local collector leg. ( ZIN); 4 ♂, 2 ♀, Qin Ling Mts., Hou Zhen Zi. vic., 39°51'18"N 107°50'99"E, 1100–1500 m, 4.VII.1999, C. Della Bruna leg. ( MCSNG); 1 ♀, Zhouzhi, Houzhenzi, Shaliangzi, 914 m, 33.88644°N 108.02808°E, 25.V.2007, day, H.L. Shi leg. ( IOZ); 1 ♂, Zhouzhi, Houzhenzi Town, Laoxiancheng, 1745 m, 33.80011°N 107.74717°E, 26.V.2007, day, H.L. Shi leg. ( IOZ); 3 ♂, 3 ♀, same data as preceding, but 12.VIII.2007, H.L. Shi & G.Y. Yang leg. ( IOZ); 1 ♀, Zhouzhi, Houzhenzi Township, 1271 m, 33.85190°N 107.83776°E, 14.VIII.2007, day, H.L. Shi & G.Y. Yang leg. ( IOZ); 2 ♂, 5 ♀, Ningshan, Huoditang, 33.43368°N 108.44747°E, 1538 m, 19.VIII.2007, day, H.L. Shi & G.Y. Yang leg. ( IOZ); 4 ♀, Ningshan Distr., Xunyangba township, 33.55083°N 108.54457°E, 1369 m, 20.VIII.2007, H.L. Shi & G.Y. Yang leg. ( IOZ); 2 ♀, Foping Distr., Yuanjiaping township, 33.52347°N 107.98392°E, 867 m, light trap, 16.VIII.2007, H.L. Shi & G.Y. Yang leg. ( IOZ). HENAN: 1 ♀, Anyang Co., at light, 27.VIII.1969 ( IOZ). HUNAN: 2 ♀, Dongkou Co., 25.V.1987 ( IOZ). XIZANG: 1 ♂, Medog, 800–1100 m, 7–9.I.1983, Han Yinheng leg. ( IOZ).

Diagnosis. Recognizable by having pronotal basal angles sharp at apex, usually not denticulate (occasionally very small denticle present); elytra punctate and pubescent (glabrous in specimens from Japan) only on lateral intervals, with microsculpture on elytral disc in baso-medial portion consisting of more or less isodiametric meshes and usually with one to four preapical setigerous pores in interval 7; metepisterna less than 1.3 times as long as wide; protibia usually with two ventroapical spines in transverse row; and apical spur of protibia not dentate at margins. The internal sac of the median lobe of aedeagus ( Figs 32–33 ) is with a large longitudinal spiny patch along the left side. Body length 9.4–14.6 mm.

Distribution. China: the north-eastern, eastern and south-eastern parts. It was recorded from Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Gansu, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Fujian, Guangxi, and Guangdong ( Kataev et al. 2003; Liang & Liu 2007). As H. niigatanus, Hua (2002) reported probably this species also from Jilin and Anhui. Harpalus pastor is recorded here from Beijing and Xizang for the first time. Additional material from Shaanxi, Henan and Hunan is also provided.

The species is also known from the southern Russian Far East (Amur Province, Khabarovsk and Maritime Territories, southern Kurils), North and South Korea including Jejudo, and Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and Ryukyu Islands) ( Habu 1973; Lafer 1989; Kryzhanovskij et al. 1995; Kataev 1997; Kataev et al. 2003; Moon & Paik 2006).

Remarks. The geographical variation of H. pastor and status of the taxa described by Schauberger (1929, 1930) were discussed by Kataev (1997, 2002). The species is variable geographically, but only H. p. niigatanus Schauberger occurring in Japan, discriminated by glabrous lateral intervals of the elytra and shorter metepisterna, warrants the rank of a subspecies.

Examination of the type specimens of H. penglainus and H. chiloschizontus , described from Shandong and Fujian provinces respectively, revealed that both these taxa are conspecific with the nominative subspecies of H. pastor .

Figures

FIGURES 32 – 35. Harpalus, median lobe of aedeagus. 32 – 33, H. pastor (Zhejiang); 34 – 35, H. fokienensis (Fujian). 32, 34, view from the left side; 33, 35, dorsal view. Scale = 1.0 mm.