Parablechnum cordatum (Desv.) Gasper & Salino

Dittrich, Vinícius Antonio De Oliveira, Salino, Alexandre, Monteiro, Reinaldo & Gasper, André Luís De, 2018, The fern genera Lomaria, Lomariocycas, and Parablechnum (Blechnaceae, Polypodiopsida) in southern and southeastern Brazil, Phytotaxa 362 (3), pp. 245-262 : 251-252

Parablechnum cordatum (Desv.) Gasper & Salino in Gasper et al. (2016: 216)

Lomaria cordata Desvaux (1811: 330) . Blechnum cordatum (Desv.) Hieronymus (1908: 239) . Type:— PERU. Concepción, without date, J. Dombey s.n. (holotype P00307042 (Herb. Jussieu 1368), isotype BM000769804). Fig. 2A–C .

Blechnum raddianum Rosenstock (1907: 91) (nom. nov. for Lomaria brasiliensis Raddi , non Blechnum brasiliense Desvaux (1811: 330) [= Neoblechnum brasiliense (Desv.) Gasper & V.A.O. Dittrich in Gasper et al. (2016: 214)]. Lomaria brasiliensis Raddi (1825: 50) . Struthiopteris brasiliensis (Raddi) Maxon & Morton (1939: 43) Type:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro, Tijuca, without date, G. Raddi s.n. (holotype PI (photos at Pichi Sermolli & Bizzarri, 2005), isotype FI?).

Blechnum regnellianum (Kunze) Christensen (1913: 17) syn. nov. Lomaria regnelliana Kunze (1849: 576) . Lectotype (designated by Ramos Giacosa (2016: 93)):— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais, Caldas, 10 February 1846, A.F.Regnell I.490 (B 20 0033168 – fragment HB, isolectotypes BM000769810, S05-9986, S05-9988, S12-25786, US 00067439, photo, US 01100895, photo).

Blechnum itatiaiense Brade (1935: 225) syn. nov. Lectotype (designated here):— BRAZIL. Serra do Itatiaia, 2000 m, 21 June 1930, A.C. Brade 10115 (R000021796). Isolectotypes: R000021796a, BM000769805, RB00561298, RB00543238). Syntype: BRAZIL. Serra do Itatiaia, 2000 m, 21 June 1930, A.C. Brade 10380 (not located).

Blechnum macahense Brade (1940: 6) syn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Frade de Macaé, ca. 1200 m, 19 June 1937, A.C. Brade & J. Santos Lima 15801 (holotype RB, not located, isotype HB).

Blechnum simile Sehnem (1968: 56) syn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul, Aparados da Serra, Passo do Guarda, 800 m, 16 January 1952, A. Sehnem

5861 (holotype PACA (PACA–AGP 69078), photo, isotype MO 2457687, not seen).

Plants terrestrial, rarely lithophytic; rhizomes erect or, rarely, short-creeping, the scales light tan, diaphanous, concolorous, narrowly triangular, 6–15 × 0.9–3.5 mm at the base, margins entire; fronds dimorphic,the fertile ones longer than the sterile, 31–217 cm long, the sterile 20–207 cm long; stipes nigrescent to stramineous (going through atropurpureous) near the base, on most of the length stramineous or predominantly stramineous with atropurpureous dots, rarely completely atropurpureous, of sterile fronds 8–65 cm long, 4.8–5.2 mm diam., scaly throughout the length or only near the base, the scales similar to those of rhizomes; of fertile fronds 20–75 cm long; sterile blades 12–56 × 6.4–37 cm, chartaceous to coriaceous, pinnate, lanceolate or narrowly oblong, truncate at the base, without vestigial pinnae, truncate at the apex, terminal pinna conform; fertile blades 32–45 × 5.1–27 cm, ovate-lanceolate or oblonglanceolate; rachises scaly, the scales light tan or tan, concolorous, 5 × 1.4 mm at the base, lanceolate or narrowly triangular, margins predominantly entire, with rare denticules, or regularly denticulate, or with elongated projections; bulbils absent; aerophores elongated, discrete, present at the base of the stipes and of the pinnae, or absent; sterile pinnae 5–18 pairs, 6.9–30 × 1.3–2.7 cm, slightly to strongly ascendant or patent, petiolulate or sessile (basal and medium ones), basiscopically adnate at the base (apical ones), margins entire or serrulate, slightly revolute, the abaxial costa, especially on the proximal portion of the pinna, with tan, lanceolate scales, margins entire, apices (of pinnae) acute, attenuate or acuminate; fertile pinnae 5–16 pairs, 54–214 × 4–6 mm, linear, strongly contracted, with no green tissue beyond the indusium; veins free, simple or once forked, with clavate ends on the margin.

Distribution and habitat:— Brazil (Bahia, Mato Grosso [first record], Goiás, Distrito Federal, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul), furthermore Guyana [first record], Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. Distribution uncertain: the species may also be present in Mexico ( Mickel & Smith, 2004), Central America, and the West Indies ( Smith & Kessler, 2018). A very common species in the study region, not threatened in the country. Individuals of this species inhabit tropical rainforests and seasonal semideciduous forests, as well as riverine forests in areas dominated by campos rupestres (rupestrian fields) and Cerrado. Plants are, however, much more common in open areas such as ravines at roadsides, border of wide tracks, well-lit river banks, and wetlands. In the study region, they grow within elevations of 50 m and 2052 m.

Comments: —The analysis of material from a limited area as in the present study is insufficient to resolve the taxonomic problems in this species. To understand the problems among this and closely related taxa, a broader study of the genus is necessary. Tryon & Stolze (1993) and Smith (1995) drew attention to the difficulties in this species. Both adopted a wide definition of the species, and Smith (1995) claimed that even other taxa may be, in fact, morphological variations of Parablechnum cordatum . Following previous observations, Parablechnum cordatum is, in this study, broadly defined. Frequently, however, pteridologists separate Blechnum regnellianum from P. cordatum , without clarifying the diagnostic characters to separate them. Sehnem (1968), when referring to B. regnellianum , said that it may be differentiated from similar species by the veins very close to each other, juxtaposed (“ 20–25 cm ”, that is, 20 to 25 veins per cm). In species descriptions of other species, at least two have, according to Sehnem (1968), up to 20 veins per cm. In herbaria, until the last decade, smaller individuals with fewer pinnae were generally called B. regnellianum , whereas larger individuals with more pinnae were called B. cordatum (= P. cordatum ). In the present study, we verified that there is a continuum between these two forms, making it impossible to separate these materials into more than one taxon. Thus, the concept used here for P. cordatum includes what is frequently treated as B. regnellianum . Blechnum raddianum Rosenst. is based on Lomaria brasiliensis , since the epithet “ brasiliense ” was not available in Blechnum ( Blechnum brasiliense (= Neoblechnum brasiliense (Desv.) Gasper & V.A.O. Dittrich ) was described in 1811). Blechnum raddianum Hieronymus (1908: 239) is a later homonym for the same taxon and Blechnum euraddianum Brade (1940: 7) is a nomen novum for the same taxon, and consequently superfluous. Although no authentic material of Lomaria brasiliensis was seen by us, Raddi’s illustration (1825) leads us to believe that Lomaria brasiliensis and P. cordatum are the same species.

To differentiate P. cordatum from the other species of the genus in the study region, see comments under these species.

Additional specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Araponga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, trilha para o Pico do Boné, 26 May 2000, Salino et al. 5456 (BHCB, HRCB); Barbacena, Futuro Distrito Industrial de Barbacena, ca. 1150 m, 09 December 2002, Dittrich 1262 & Salino (HRCB); Belo Horizonte, Barreiro, 21 January 1935, Mello Barreto 5028 (BHCB); Caldas, 1854, Lindberg 614 (K); idem, Pocinhos do Rio Verde, ca. 21°56’S, 46°23’W, 1150–1200 m, 16 June 1995, Pietrobom-Silva 1911 (MBM, SJRP); Camanducaia, mata do trevo de acesso a Camanducaia, 22°44’53”S, 46°09’17”W, 1180 m, 01 June 2001, Salino 6896 (BHCB, HRCB); Carangola, Fazenda São Sebastião, 20°44’S, 42°00’W, 700 m, 10 March 1988, Leoni 66 (GFJP); idem, Serra do Brigadeiro, Fazenda Neblina, 28 May 1989, Salino s.n. & Cosenza (MBM 178515, 178516, 186063; BHCB 28814); idem, Morro da Torre, 20°44’S, 42°04’W, 920 m, 23 June 1990, Leoni 1146 (GFJP); Ibituruna, arredores do rio das Mortes, 14 June 2001, Mota 460 (BHCB); Itabirito, BR-040, cond. Aconchego da Serra, June 1999, Salino s.n. (BHCB 50229, HRCB 32923); Itambé do Mato Dentro, Faz. do Caixão, 08 March 2000, Mota 187 (BHCB); Juiz de Fora, Fazenda da Floresta, 13 August 1971, Krieger s.n. (SJRP 2246); Lavras, estrada Lavras – São João Del Rey, 25 December 2002, Chaddad Jr. 140 (ESA); Mariana, Serra do Frazão, estrada Mariana-Santa Bárbara, 25 August 2000, Salino 5671 (BHCB); Marmelópolis, estrada de acesso a Fazenda Saiqui, caminho para o Pico dos Marins, Serra da Mantiqueira, ca. 45°06’W, 22°29’S, ca. 1650 m, 12 July 1997, Nonato 348 & Windisch (SJRP); Moeda, Serra da Moeda, próx. à rod. que liga a BR-040 a Moeda, 12 September 1998, Salino 4334 & Morais (BHCB); Monte Belo, Fazenda Queimada Grande, 07 September 1987, Gentry et al. 59148 (UEC); Ouro Preto, Tripuhy, 17 June 1978, Badini 10134 (OUPR); Poços de Caldas, Fonte dos Amores, 30 October 1997, Rosa 10 (SJRP); Santa Bárbara, Serra do Caraça, 06 December 1989, Oliveira 2 (SJRP); Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, estrada de Lagoa Santa a Conceição do Mato Dentro, Chapéu de Sol, ca. 19°20’S, 43°40’W, ca. 1200 m, 02 February 1987, Prado et al. 90 (SJRP); idem, Serra do Cipó, Rodovia MG-010, próximo à estátua do Juquinha, 07 February 2001, Dittrich 847 (HRCB); São Gonçalo do Rio Preto, Parque Estadual do Rio Preto, atrás da casa de hóspedes, 18°07’34”S, 43°21’24”W, 07 April 2000, Salino et al. 5189 (BHCB, HRCB); São João del Rei, Serra do Lenheiro, 19 February 1985, Krieger et al. s.n. (SJRP 2248); São Sebastião do Paraíso, 24 April 1945, Brade 17969 & Barbosa (K); Uberaba, vale do rio Grande, sítio Santa Luzia, 19°45’51”S, 47°57’56”W, 764 m, Miziara 13 (SJRP); Uberlândia, Estação Ecológica do Panga, 31 July 1991, Ranal 551 (HUFU). Unknown municipality: Serra do Caparaó, 2000 m, 27 September 1941, Brade 17043 (K); Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Vale Verde, 19 November 1988, Krieger et al. s.n. (CESJ 23111); Serra do Cipó, caminho da Usina, 10 March 1989, Novelino et al. 626 (CESJ); Parque Nacional do Caparaó, 1780 m, 29 April 1989, Krieger et al. s.n. (CESJ 24157); Serra do Cipó, região de Congonhas, 29 May 1996, Salino 2737 (BHCB, HRCB); BR-120, km 606, 15 April 2000, Pontes s.n. & Salino (BHCB 64531). Espírito Santo: Marechal Floriano, Vitor Hugo, 900 m, 18 October 2000, Hatschbach et al. 71380 (MBM); Santa Teresa, Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia, margem do Rio Timbuí, 20 August 1985, Boudet Fernandes 1433 (MBML); idem, trilha que sobe a encosta ao lado da entrada do Country Club, 25 February 1996, Salino 2641 (HRCB). Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia, valley of the Rio Campo Belo, vicinity Monte Serrat, Mt. Itatiaya, Estação Biológica, ca. 800 m, 22°28’S, 44°38’W, 03 January 1929, Smith 1647 (K); idem, Mont Serrat, 500 m, 1933, Brade 12621 (K); Nova Friburgo, June 1947, Vale s.n. (BHCB 1395); Parati, Trilha para o Pico do Cuscuzeiro, próximo à divisa com o estado de São Paulo, ca. 23°18’S, 44°47’W, ca. 400 m, 07 August 2001, Dittrich et al. 897 (HRCB); Petrópolis, Alto da Mosela prope Petrópolis, 1000 m, 04 June 1961, Pabst 5623 (B); Rio de Janeiro, Tijuca, Estrada da Vista Chinesa, 22 February 1968, Lanna Sobrinho s.n. (PACA 74069). Unknown municipality: February 1874, Glaziou 7009 (K). São Paulo: Analândia, Serra do Cuscuzeiro, próximo ao Morro do Camelo, ca. 850 m, 02 July 1988, Salino 482 (BHCB, SJRP); Bananal, Estação Ecológica de Bananal, trilha da Pedra Vermelha, 08 March 2001, Dittrich et al. 862 (HRCB); Caieiras, June 1907, Usteri 26 (BM); Campos do Jordão, Pico de Itapeva, ca. 2000 m, 09 June 1992, Salino 1417 (BHCB, HRCB); Cássia dos Coqueiros, margem do Rio Boiadeiro, ca. 21°20’S, 47°08’W, ca. 1050 m, 21 January 1997, Nonato et al. 307 (SJRP); Corumbataí, Serra dos Padres, rodovia SP-310, Km 197,8, ca. 700 m, 29 July 1993, Rodrigues Jr. 542 & Pietrobom-Silva (SJRP); Cunha, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, núcleo Cunha, 16 December 1996, Salino 2895 (BHCB, ESA); ibidem, 18 December 1996, Salino 2989 (ESA); Itirapina, rodovia SP-225, km 97, ca. 500 m do trevo de Itirapina, ca. 22°16’S, 47°48’W, 23 May 1993, Pietrobom-Silva 965 & Andrade (SJRP); Mogi Guaçu, Reserva Florestal de Mogi Guaçu, 16 April 1993, Simabukuro 94 (BHCB); Natividade da Serra, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo Santa Virgínia, Base de Vargem Grande, trilha para a Cachoeira da Boneca, 23°25’57”S, 45°12’36”W, ca. 800 m, 10 August 2001, Dittrich et al. 919 (HRCB); Piracicaba, Mata da Bica, 22°45’16”S, 47°51’47”W, 23 August 1994, Barreto 3003, Fernandes & Vitti (ESA); Pirangi, 12 November 1995, Zanetoni 3 (SJRP); Santa Rosa de Viterbo, Fazenda Cascata , 15 October 1995, Zanoelo 8 (SJRP); São José do Rio Preto, Instituto Penal Agrícola, 10 March 1995, Pietrobom-Silva et al. 2216 (SJRP). São Luís do Paraitinga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo Santa Virgínia, antiga SP-125, ca. 920 m, 06 March 2001, Dittrich 859 & Salino (HRCB); ibidem, Trilha para a nascente do Rio Itamambuca, 23°19’27”S, 45°05’19”W, 800–900 m, 09 August 2001, Salino et al. 7379 (BHCB); São Paulo, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo Curucutu, trilha Embu Guaçu, 25 May 2000, Garcia et al. 2003 (PMSP); ibidem, em afluente do rio Capivari, 23°59’46”S, 46°44’12”W, 800 m, 11 April 2001, Salino 6483 (BHCB); ibidem, trilha do Rio Mambu, ca. 23°59’38”S, 46°46’31”W, 800 m, 13 April 2001, Salino 6544, 6547 (BHCB, HRCB) (6544 mixed with Parablechnum usterianum ); São Sebastião, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, 23°44’26”S, 45°33’40”W, 600 m, 19 April 2000, Salino et al. 5322 (BHCB, ESA, HRCB); Ubatuba, Rod. BR-101/SP-055, ca. 23°02’S, 45°04’W, 01 January 2003, Athayde 1145 (SJRP); Valinhos, estrada velha para Itatiba, ca. 22°57’S, 47°01’W, ca. 720 m, 28 July 1993, Pietrobom-Silva 1037 & Andrade (SJRP). Unknown municipality: Serra da Bocaina, 1750 m, 28 April 1951, Brade 20770 (K); estrada vicinal entre os municípios de São Pedro e Charqueada, 12 May 2000, Peralta 850 (SJRP). Paraná:Adrianópolis, Boa Vista, 19 February 1981, Hatschbach 43618 (MBM); Antonina, Usina Hidrelétrica Parigot de Souza , 800 m, 15 April 2001, J.M. Silva 3375 & Campos (HRCB); Arapoti, Rio das Cinzas, 28 November 1968, Hatschbach 20425 (MBM); Balsa Nova, Serra São Luís, 17 July 1970, Hatschbach 24469 (MBM, PACA); Campina Grande do Sul, Dittrich 360 (ICN); Campo Largo, Rodovia do Café, Viaduto da Santa, September 1971, Dombrowski 3817 (MBM); Candói, 28 April 1963, Hatschbach 10038 (MBM); Castro, January 1980, Dombrowski 13317 (MBM); Cerro Azul, Rio do Turvo, 04 October 1973, Hatschbach 32651 (MBM); Curitiba, Centro Politécnico, 25 September 1987, Cervi 2476, Acra & Rodrigues (SJRP); Jaguariaíva, Fazenda Jardim do Trigo, PR-092, km 231,5, 800 m, 10 November 1989, Morel 23 (SJRP); idem, Rio das Mortes, 23 November 1990, Cervi 3260 & Dunaiski (UPCB); idem, 26 April 1991, Amorim 52 (SJRP); Lapa, Volta Grande, 02 March 1982, Hatschbach 44906 (MBM); Morretes, Estrada de Ferro Curitiba-Paranaguá, Estação Marumbi, 483 m, 25 January 1951, Tessmann s.n. (MBM 4716); idem, Rodovia BR-277, Estrada do Arraial, 17 January 1969, Hatschbach 20824 & Fontella (MBM); idem, Caminho dos Jesuítas, December 1999, Kersten 339 & Dittrich (UPCB); Palmeira, Rodovia BR-277, km 156, próximo ao pedágio, 20 April 2000, E. Barbosa et al. 471 (MBM); Paranaguá, Picadão Cambará-Col. Limeira, 50–100 m, 14 February 1968, Hatschbach 18601 (MBM, PACA); Piraquara, Mananciais da Serra, 1050 m, 23 May 1998, Dittrich 373 (ICN); Ponta Grossa, Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, 07 January 2004, Labiak & Schwartsburd 3090 (HRCB); Porto Amazonas, Fazenda São Luís, 780 m, 22 December 1963, Hatschbach 10793 (B, MBM); idem, Lajeado, 12 June 2001, Ribas et al. 3614 (HRCB); Quatro Barras, Serra da Baitaca, Morro Anhangava, 13 March 1997, Cordeiro 1407 & Cruz (MBM); Tibagi, Fazenda Monte Alegre, Rio Laranjeira, 29 March 1953, Hatschbach 3059 (MBM); idem, Rodovia do Café, Rio Capivari, 11 February 1976, Hatschbach 38077 (MBM); Tijucas do Sul, Tabatinga, 11 January 1983, Kuniyoshi 4594 & Kummrow (MBM); Ventania, Rodovia PR-153, Rio Laranjinha, 03 September 1998, Hatschbach et al. 68308 (MBM). Santa Catarina: Águas Mornas, Rio Miguel, 27°43’12’’S, 48°57’36’’W, 25 m, 12August 2009, Stival-Santos 786 (FURB);Alfredo Wagner,Soldadinho, 27°37’45’’S, 49°24’39’’W, 772 m, 28 November 2009, Korte 1097 (FURB); Anitápolis, Rio das Pedras, 27°54’0’’S, 49°8’24’’W, 568 m, 14 July 2011, Korte 7066 (FURB); Antônio Carlos, Santa Maria, 27°32’22’’S, 48°52’13’’W, 220 m, 05 February 2010, Stival-Santos 1696 (FURB); Apiúna, Faxinalzinho, 27°10’49’’S, 49°23’37’’W, 793 m, 17 March 2010, Korte 2160 (FURB); Biguaçu, Antinha, 04 March 1943, Reitz s.n. (PACA 73591); Blumenau, Parque Nacional da Serra do Itajaí, 27°3’24’’S, 49°5’16’’W, 17 August 2007, Gasper 572 (FURB); Bom Jardim da Serra, Morro da Igreja, 28°7’24’’S, 49°28’48’’W, 08 April 2010, Salino 14750 (FURB); Bom Retiro, Campo dos Padres, 1600 m, 17 January 1957, Sehnem 6964 (PACA); Campo Alegre, Morro do Iquererim, 900 m, 15 March 1991, W. Oliveira 77 (SJRP); Corupá, 26°27’36’’S, 49°24’36’’W, 938 m, 27 July 2017, Kassner-Filho 1049 (FURB); Doutor Pedrinho, Ribeirão Rigo, 26°43’48’’S, 49°29’59’’W, 600 m, 04 May 2010, Dreveck 2185 (FURB); Florianópolis, Ilha de Santa Catarina, Morro do Antão, 250 m, 20 January 1939, Sehnem 804 (PACA); Imaruí, Forquilha da Aratingaúba/Parque Estadual da Serra do Tabuleiro, 28°10’10’’S, 48°52’13’’W, 604 m, 17 March 2010, Verdi 4047 (FURB); Indaial, Parque Nacional da Serra do Itajaí, 27°5’24’’S, 49°13’51’’W, 601 m, 21 May 2010, Korte 3392 (FURB); Jaraguá do Sul, Estrada para as Minas de Caulin, 26°16’56’’S, 49°13’18’’W, 100 m, 11 December 2012, Gasper 3051 (FURB); Joinville, Serra Dona Francisca. Trilha do Castelo dos Bugres, 26°13’15’’S, 49°3’13’’W, 650 m, 01 January 2016, Schwirkowski 1424 (FURB); Lages, Morro do Pinheiro Seco, 950 m, 14 April 1963, Reitz 14891 & Klein (MBM); Major Gercino, 27°26’59’’S, 49°8’24’’W, 708 m, 20April 2010, Stival-Santos 2516 (FURB); Massaranduba, Serra do Jacu, 26°33’1’’S, 49°3’2’’W, 617 m, 04 February 2011, Korte 5908 (FURB); Morro Grande, Três Barras, 28°42’36’’S, 49°46’12’’W, 203 m, 11 December 2009, Schmitt 952 (FURB); Nova Trento, Valsugana, 27°21’31’’S, 49°3’2’’W, 307 m, 14 July 2010, Korte 4015 (FURB); Orleans, Rio Minador, 28°10’12’’S, 49°24’36’’W, 445 m, 09 December 2009, Schmitt 828 (FURB); Palhoça, Morro do Cambirela, 900 m, 15 December 1971, Bresolin 437 (PACA); Ponte Alta, Morro do Funil, 27°16’30’’S, 50°7’57’’W, 113 m, 25 March 2008, Gasper 1668 (FURB); Praia Grande, Serra do Faxinal, 29°10’44’’S, 50°1’22’’W, 958 m, 13 May 2010, Schmitt 2239 (FURB); Presidente Nereu, 27°16’12’’S, 49°24’36’’W, 28 January 2018, Kassner-Filho 1768 (FURB); Rancho Queimado, 700 m, 28 June 1938, Sehnem 1124 (PACA); Rio do Campo, Anta Branca (Antigo Alto Rio do Oeste), 26°54’36’’S, 50°13’13’’W, 786 m, 22 February 2010, Korte 1921 (FURB); Rio dos Cedros, Alto Rio dos Cedros, 26°33’0’’S, 49°19’12’’W, 890 m, 16 June 2010, Dreveck 2274 (FURB); Rodeio, São Pedro, 26°54’37’’S, 49°24’41’’W, 611 m, 30 March 2010, Korte 2335 (FURB); São Bento do Sul, CEPA, 26°19’25’’S, 49°18’26’’W, 640 m, 30 March 2007, Gasper 94 (FURB); Siderópolis, Reserva Biológica Estadual do Aguaí, 28°32’58’’S, 49°36’14’’W, 314 m, 15 June 2009, Verdi 2346 (FURB); Taió, Gramado, 27°0’1’’S, 50°13’14’’W, 893 m, 15 September 2010, Korte 4315 (FURB); Vidal Ramos, Mulungu, 27°27’0’’S, 49°19’12’’W, 761 m, 14 September 2009, Korte 139 (FURB); Vitor Meireles, Jacú-Paca, 26°49’18’’S, 49°46’12’’W, 701 m, 24 June 2010, Korte 3881 (FURB); Unknown municipality: Serra dos Pires, córrego Água Preta, 30km do entroncamento da BR-348 com a 116, 1950 m (sic), 10 March 1991, W. Oliveira 45 (SJRP – mixed with Lomariocycas schomburgkii ). Rio Grande do Sul: Bom Jesus, Serra da Rocinha, Aparados da Serra, 1000 m, 17 January 1961, Sehnem 7794 (PACA). Cambará do Sul, Itaimbezinho, 950 m, 24 February 1951, Sehnem 6451 (PACA); ibidem, 900 m, 16 November 1953, Sehnem 6452 (PACA – paratype of Blechnum simile Sehnem ); ibidem, 26 February 1968, Sehnem 9918 (PACA). São José dos Ausentes, Silveiras, Pico Montenegro, ca. 1400 m, 27 April 1997, Windisch 8743 (SJRP); São Leopoldo, 22 January 1933, Augusto s.n. (ICN 17735). State Unknown: s.d., Burchell 2245 (K). Mato Grosso: Itiquira, Rod. MT-299, entroncamento com a BR-364, 22 February 1994, Rodrigues Jr. 603 (BOTU).

Figures

FIGURE 2. A–C. Parablechnum cordatum. A. Habit. B. Scale of sterile frond, abaxial surface of costa. C. Rhizome scale. D–E. Parablechnum glaziovii. D. Habit. E. Rhizome scale. (A–C from Dittrich et al. 1615, CESJ; D–E from Dittrich 1862, CESJ).