Lupocyclus Adams & White, 1849

Huang, Yu-Hsuan & Shih, Hsi-Te, 2021, Chthonius rhodochelatus Hadzi 1933, Zoological Studies 60 (60), pp. 1-45 : 11-14

Genus Lupocyclus Adams & White, 1849 Lupocyclus inaequalis ( Walker, 1887) ( Figs. 3C , 7 )

Goniosoma inaequale Walker, 1887: 116 , pl. 8(4) (type locality: Singapore).

Lupocyclus rotundatus – Shen 1937: 98, fig. 1 ( Singapore: Siglap); Huang and Yu 1997: 56, 1 unnumb. fig. ( Taiwan: Yilan and Kaohsiung); Ng et al. 2017: 67 (list, part?), fig. 6h. (not Lupocyclus rotundatus Adams & White, 1849 )

Lupocyclus inaequalis – Stephenson 1976: 15 ( Philippines; Japan: Tosa Bay; Seychelles); Dai and Xu 1991: 20, fig. 16 (Nansha Is.); Fang 1991: 352 ( Taiwan Strait); ZG Huang 1994: 585 (list; Nansha Is.); Ng et al. 2008: 151 (list); Yang et al. 2012: 108, fig. 39, pl. 8(5) ( China; Nansha Is.); Sasaki 2019: 8917 (list).

Material examined: Taiwan: 1 female (17.2 ×

13.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16470), Zuoying, Kaohsiung, Jun. 2001; 1 male (21.6 × 16.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16551), Erzihliao Fishing Port, Kaohsiung, coll. YH Huang, 30 Jul. 2018; 1 ovig. female (18.9 × 14.9 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16561), Erzihliao Fishing Port, Kaohsiung, coll. YH Huang, 8 Jul. 2018; 1 ovig. female

(17.5 × 13.6 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16562), Erzihliao Fishing Port, Kaohsiung, coll. YH Huang, 4 Apr. 2019; 1 female (17.3 × 13.5 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16563), Dalinpu, Siaogang, Kaohsiung, 3 Feb. 1997; 9 males (15.4–19.9 × 12.0– 14.8 mm), 11 females (15.9–21.0

5 mm

mm

1

× 12.4–15.9 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16564), Zuoying, Kaohsiung, 1 Feb. 1997; 1 male (24.4 × 18.5 mm), 1 ovig. female (23.5 × 18.2 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16570), Magong Fishing Port, Penghu, coll. YH Huang et al., 17 Jan. 2020.

Diagnosis: Carapace subhexagonal, slightly b r o a d e r t h a n l o n g, s u r f a c e p i l o s e. F r o n t a l a n d protogastric regions each with a pair of faintly granulated ridges; mesogastric, metagastric, epibranchial and cardiac regions each with a pair of granulated ridges;

10 mm mesobranchial regions with 2 pairs of granulated ridges ( Fig. 7A ). Front protruding with 4 teeth, median 2 more protruding than lateral. Supraorbital margins with 2 notches ( Fig. 7A ). Anterolateral margins with 9 teeth, surface granulated, teeth 2, 4, 6, 8 smaller than others ( Fig. 7A ). Chelipedal surface granulated and pilose; merus with 5 spines on inner margin, 2 spines on outer margin; carpus with spine each on inner and outer margins; palm with 3 spines on dorsal surface, inner and outer surfaces with granulated ridges. P5 with merus having spine on inner margin. Male pleon with pleomere 6 trapezoidal; telson longer than broad. G1 with distal half slender curved laterally, tip with spines on dorsal side ( Fig. 7B–E ).

Distribution: Hawaii; Australia (eastern); Indonesia (Amboina and Makassar); Borneo; Philippines; Nansha Is.; Taiwan; Japan (Tosa Bay); China (incl. Hainan I.); Singapore; India; Seychelles ( Sasaki 2019; this study).

Ecological notes: Specimens were collected by trawling (this study). The habitats of this species include muddy-sand, broken shells or coral reefs at 23–85 meters deep ( Yang et al. 2012).

Remarks: Dai and Xu (1991) and Yang et al. (2012) have pointed “ Lupocyclus rotundatus Adams & White, 1849 ” in Shen (1937) was a misidentification of Luu. inaequalis ( Walker, 1887) (see below). Similarly, based on the figures of Huang and Yu (1997) and Ng et al. (2017), the characters of their “ Luu. rotundatus ” agree well with Luu. inaequalis instead. Both species can be distinguished by (1) carapace subhexagonal, 1.3 times broader than long in Luu. inaequalis (vs. carapace subcircular, slightly broader than long in Luu. rotundatus ; Yang et al. 2012); (2) gap between metagastric and epibranchial ridges narrower in Luu. inaequalis (vs. wider in Luu. rotundatus ; Stephenson and Campbell 1960; Yang et al. 2012: figs. 39a, 41a); (3) G1 curved laterally in Luu. inaequalis ( Fig. 7B–E ; Yang et al. 2012: fig. 39e) (vs. slightly curved laterally in Luu. rotundatus ; Stephenson and Campbell 1960: fig. 1K; Yang et al. 2012: fig. 41f). Fang (1991) has recorded Luu. inaequalis from the Taiwan Strait, however Ng et al. (2017) excluded this record from Taiwan because of the unclear locations. As a result, this is the first confirmed record of Luu. inaequalis from Taiwan.

Figures

Fig. 3. Species of the family Portunidae. A, Carupa ohashii Takeda, 1993, female (34.9 × 23.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16500), Dongsha I.; B, Lupocycloporus minutus (Shen, 1937), male (17.5 × 9.7 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16534), Zuoying, Kaohsiung; C, Lupocyclus inaequalis (Walker, 1887), male (21.6 × 16.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16551), Erzihliao Fishing Port, Kaohsiung; D, Lupocyclus tugelae Barnard, 1950, male (17.5 × 13.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16560), Erzihliao Fishing Port, Kaohsiung; E, Podophthalmus minabensis Sakai, 1961, male (25.2 × 14.9 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16499), Dalinpu, Siaogang, Kaohsiung; F, Monomia gladiator (Fabricius, 1798), male (53.0 × 31.2 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16506), Erzihliao Fishing Port, Kaohsiung; G, Monomia lucida Koch & Ďuriš, 2018, male (54.8 × 30.7 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16538), Erzihliao Fishing Port, Kaohsiung; H, Xiphonectes tuberculosus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1861), males (24.3 × 14.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16530), Zuoying, Kaohsiung.

Fig. 7. Lupocyclus inaequalis (Walker, 1887), male (21.6 × 16.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 16551). A, carapace; B–E, right G1; B, C, dorsal view; D, E, ventral view.