Rangomaramidae Jaschhof & Didham, 2002

DE SOUZA AMORIM, DALTON & RINDAL, EIRIK, 2007, Phylogeny of the Mycetophiliformia, with proposal of the subfamilies Heterotrichinae, Ohakuneinae, and Chiletrichinae for the Rangomaramidae (Diptera, Bibionomorpha), Zootaxa 1535 (1), pp. 1-92 : 11-12

Rangomaramidae Jaschhof & Didham, 2002

Rangomaramidae Jaschhof & Didham, 2002

Type genus. Rangomarama Jaschhof & Didham, 2002: 45 , by original designation

Diagnosis. Thorax elongate, mesepimeron high and slender, sometimes completely absent ventrally, laterotergite only slightly projected, mediotergite high, slightly curved. R 4 always absent, m-cu connecting CuA basally in wing, first CuA sector about half to one tenth second sector, m-cu sometimes incomplete, tb (M 1+2 / M 3+4) always longitudinal.

Description. Colour usually brown, shining or dull, sometimes with yellowish areas. Body size 1.7–6.0 mm, wing length 2.0– 5.5 mm. Usually 3 ocelli, sometimes lateral ocelli displaced toward margin, but never really in contact with eye, ocelli absent in Rogambara and Cabamofa , eye-bridge absent or incomplete in most genera, complete only in Rogambara and Cabamofa . Antenna with 14 flagellomeres, first article usually 1.5 times second flagellomere, with setae haphazardly distributed. Maxillary palpus with palpiger plus 4 palpomeres, last segment much longer than preceding in the Chiletrichinae , Ohakunea , and Colonomyia . Thorax elongate, as in other higher Mycetophiliformia families. Primary anapleural suture and midpleural pit present, katepisternum not particularly developed. Anepisternal and katepisternal setae absent, with few exceptions. Mesopleurotrochantin absent. Mesepimeron high, slender, or completely absent ventrally due to fusion of katepisternum and laterotergite. Mesepimeral setae only in Eratomyia , n. gen. Laterotergite convex posteriorly, projected into the mediotergite, slightly projected laterally, dorsal margin only just reaching pleural membrane by approximation between mesepimeron and mediotergite, setae present only in Heterotricha . Mediotergite high, slightly curved, completely bare. Metepisternum not particularly developed, nor reduced, postnotal phragma not particularly reduced. Segment 8 well developed, only slightly shorter than preceding segments. Coxae elongated, tibial spurs 1:2:2, tibial spurs not as developed as in ditomyiids or most mycetophilids. Front tibia with differentiated area and regular row of setae, with exception of Chiletricha . Wing elongated, sometimes setae on membrane present or absent. Sc incomplete in the family, with possible exception of Rangomarama . Base of Rs oblique or transverse, very elongate only in Rangomarama , r-m transverse or slightly oblique backwards, longitudinal (in line with second sector of Rs) and particularly developed in Ohakuneinae , nearly absent in Heterotricha and absent in Rangomarama . R 4 always absent, R 1 reaching C before middle of wing only in Colonomyia and Rogambara . M 1+2 forking usually beyond half of wing, medial fork long in Heterotricha , Ohakunea , and Colonomyia . Most genera with m-cu reaching CuA typically close to base of wing, with tb (M 1+2 /M; see discussion below) longitudinal. First sector of CuA usually short, longer only in Eratomyia , n. gen. A 1 always incomplete, absent in Colonomyia , Cabamofa , and Rogambara . Abdomen more slender at base than mesally, but not as slender as in keroplatids and mycetophilids. Male gonocoxite, gonostyle, tergite 9, and cercus variable. In females, first cercomere shorter in Heterotricha and Chiletricha , and longer in Rangomarama . Two sclerotized spermathecae present in all genera for which information is available.

3+4

Discussion. Rangomaramidae until now included only the type genus. In the analysis herein performed, Chiletricha , Ohakunea , Heterotricha , and related genera compose a monophyletic group with Rangomarama within the Mycetophiliformia. Chiletrichinae and Ohakuneinae form robust smaller monophyletic clades. In the preferred topology, Heterotricha is in a monophyletic group including these two clades and Rangomarama . Even though there is still some instability, there is phylogenetic signal that allows familial assignment to all these genera that were orphans within the system. A number of other genera might also fit in the clade, but because of missing data, we preferred to keep their inclusion in the family still pending. These genera include Anisotricha , Nepaletricha , Freemanomyia , Sciarosoma , and Sciaropota .