Errantia

Weigert, Anne & Bleidorn, Christoph, 2016, Current status of annelid phylogeny, Organisms Diversity & Evolution (New York, N. Y.) 16 (2), pp. 345-362 : 350

Errantia

The clade Errantia comprises the following taxa based on Weigert et al. (2014): Lumbrineridae , Eunicidae , Onuphidae , Glyceridae , Tomopteridae , Phyllodocidae , Nephtyidae , Nereididae , Sigalionidae , Polynoidae , Syllidae , and Myzostomida. The monophyly of Eunicida (including Lumbrineridae , Eunicidae , and Onuphidae ) and Phyllodocida (including Glyceridae , Tomopteridae , Phyllodocidae , Nephtyidae , Nereididae , Sigalionidae , Polynoidae , and Syllidae ) is strongly supported in all analyses. The paraphyly of Phyllodocida in analyses conducted by Struck et al. (2011) was mainly due to missing data and the shared paralogous genes of three species ( Phyllodocida — Sthenelais boa , Orbiniidae — Scoloplos armiger , Amphinomida — Eurythoe complanata ). Amphinomidae , which were formerly assigned to Eunicida ( Rouse and Fauchald 1997) or Errantia ( Struck et al. 2011; Fauvel 1927) are now excluded from Pleistoannelida and branch off in the basal part of the tree together with Sipuncula. Additionally, Errantia include the interstitial Protodriliformia (see discussion under 2.4), which are regarded as sister taxon to Eunicida + Phyllodocida . The latter two taxa are united as the newly combined Aciculata by Andrade et al. (2015).

The position of Myzostomida remains controversial. By increasing the number of molecular characters in the phylogenetic analyses, their position becomes more stable, switching from outside of the annelid tree, to within the early branching annelid radiation, to an affiliation with errant annelids. Moreover, mitochondrial gene order comparisons strongly suggest an inclusion within Pleistoannelida, most likely as part of Errantia ( Weigert et al. 2016) . However, long branch attraction (LBA) artifacts, choice of molecular markers, and outgroups still impede a robust placement in the tree (for review, see Bleidorn et al. (2014)). Additionally, Goniadidae and Aphroditidae are likely part of Errantia as supported in previous analyses ( Struck et al. 2007; Struck et al. 2008).