Neopleurophora polychaetopoda, Ament & Amorim, 2013

Ament, Danilo Cesar & Amorim, Dalton De Souza, 2013, Taxonomic revision of the genus Neopleurophora Brown (Diptera: Phoridae), with the description of thirty seven new species, Zootaxa 3657 (1), pp. 1-93 : 65-68

Neopleurophora polychaetopoda , sp. nov.

( Figs. 156–159, 195, 233, 326–327)

Diagnosis (males). Epandrial medial process not bifurcated, tapered at apex; hypandrium left lobe large, curved, apically pointed, right lobe medium-sized, apically pointed.

Material examined. Holotype ♂, COLOMBIA: Bolivar : SFF Colorados: El Mirador, 9.90ºN, 75.12ºW, 18.viii–3.ix.2001, Malaise trap, 400 m, E. Deulofeut col. ( IAVH) . Paratypes: COSTA RICA: 3♂, Puntarenas 3 km SW Rincon , 8.68ºN, 83.48ºW, iii–v.1991, Malaise trap, 10 m, P. Hanson col. ( LACM) ; PANAMA: 1♂, Darien Cruce de Mono , 7.92ºN, 77.62ºW, 6.ii–4.iii.1993, Malaise trap, R. Cambra & J. Coronado col. ( LACM) ; COLOMBIA: 1♂, Chocó : PNN Utria Sendero Cocalito. 6.02ºN, 77.35ºW, 26.xii–1.ii.2001, Malaise trap, 20m, J. Pérez col. ( LACM) .

Description. Male. Body length, 3 mm. Head. Frons dark brown, anterior edge yellow, pubescent, without median furrow. Flagellomere 1 light brown, pubescent, oval. Arista pre-apical, pubescent. Palpus light brown; 1–2 upper genal and one lower genal seta. Thorax. Scutum and pleural sclerites yellowish-brown; anepisternum setulose dorsally, with one long seta; scutellum dark brown, with medial and posterior areas white. Legs yellowishbrown. Forefemur with ventral row of four strong setae near apex. Foretibia with one dorsal seta at basal third and an anterodorsal row of strong setae. Foremetatarsus ratio, 6.0. Midtibia with 2–3 anterodorsal and 2–4 posterodorsal setae ( Fig. 195). Hind femur swollen (height/length ratio, 0.42), without ventral strong setae. Hind tibia with 3–5 anterodorsal and 5–7 posterodorsal setae ( Fig. 233). Wing. Costa 0.49 of the wing length, other wing features as for the genus. Halter yellowish-brown. Abdomen. Tergites dark brown, with lighter posterior band. Hypopygium light brown ( Figs. 156–159). Epandrial medial process not bifurcated, tapered apically, pointed, curved ventrally. Epandrial right posterior margin without projections, with subepandrial setulose process. Hypandrium left lobe large, curved, apically pointed, right lobe medium-sized, apically pointed. Hypoproct with two setae. Phallus ( Figs. 326–327). Basiphallus without dorsal process. Core plate flattened. Epiphallus with transparent scales, connected to right arm at left lateral of the phallus. Ventral plate well developed, composed by the secondary scaled process and a ventral process formed by a posterior scaled lobe and a ventral sclerotized, anteriorly directed sharp process.

Female. Unknown.

Geographic distribution. Known from Costa Rica and Panama, extending its distribution into western Colombia.

Etymology. The specific epithet polychaetopoda refers to the tibia with many setae, and is derived from the Greek roots poly (many), chaite (long hair, seta) and podos (foot).

Identification key for groups of species and species of Neopleurophora

1 Tergites with dense microtrichia producing a silvery sheen, right subepandrial setulose process absent, epiphallus ending free ( Fig. 6)................................................................................... (Group I) 2

- Tergites without dense microtrichia producing a silvery sheen, right subepandrial setulose process present, epiphallus connected to right arm at left lateral of the phallus ( Fig. 7)............................................. (Group II) 14

2 Right arm of phallus fused to basiphallus ( Figs. 252, 254)........................................... (Group 1) 3

- Right arm of phallus clearly separated from basiphallus ( Fig. 258)............................................. 4

3 Apex of epandrial medial process trifurcated; hypoproct with two setae ( Figs. 8–11).............. N. scleropyga sp. nov.

- Epandrial medial process with two apical pointed edges, hypoproct with seven setae ( Figs. 12–15). N. synaptodrilus sp. nov.

4 Hypandrium right lobe much shorter than left lobe ( Figs. 17, 21, 25); halter with apical, black, round maculation.................................................................................................... (Group 2) 5

- Hypandrium right lobe almost as long as left lobe ( Figs. 37, 41, 45); halter color uniform........................... 9

5 Phallic ventral plate bifurcated ( Figs. 256–257, 260–263); epandrial posterior right margin folded and projected medio-posteriorly ( Figs. 19, 27, 31)................................................................................. 6

- Phallic ventral plate not bifurcated, dorsally serrated ( Figs. 264–267); epandrial right posterior margin not projected medioposteriorly ( Figs. 39, 43).............................................................................. 8

6 Hypandrium left lobe dorsal margin serrated ( Fig. 30), epandrial medial process tapering apically, with a single pointed apical edge ( Fig. 28).................................................................... N. prionotopyga sp. nov.

- Hypandrium left lobe dorsal margin smooth ( Figs. 18, 26), epandrial medial process not tapering apically, with two pointed apical edges ( Figs. 16, 24)............................................................................. 7

7 Hypandrium left lobe strongly sclerotized ( Figs. 25–26)................................... N. microssoma sp. nov.

- Hypandrium left lobe not sclerotized ( Figs. 17–18).......................................... N. acrensis sp. nov.

8 Epandrial medial process clearly bifurcated at apex ( Figs. 20, 22–23); phallic ventral plate serrated at apical half of dorsal margin ( Figs. 258–259)..................................................................... N. kleini sp. nov.

- Epandrial medial process with two pointed apical edges ( Figs. 32, 34–35), but not bifurcated; phallic ventral plate dorsal margin serrated only near apex ( Figs. 264–265)............................................... N. reginensis sp. nov.

9 Hypandrium left lobe elongated, narrow ( Figs. 37, 41, 45); epandrial medial process right face with pointed projection ( Figs. 39, 43, 47)................................................................................ (Group 3) 10

- Hypandrium left lobe wide ( Figs. 53, 57); epandrial medial process without projections.................. (Group 4) 13

10 Hypandrium lobes strongly sclerotized; two setae on foretibia ( Figs. 44–47)....................... N. dichaeta sp. nov.

- Hypandrium lobes not strongly sclerotized; one seta on foretibia.............................................. 11

11 Hypandrium left lobe bifurcated ( Figs. 37, 41)............................................................ 12

- Hypandrium left lobe not bifurcated ( Fig. 49)............................................. N. tanytarsus sp. nov.

12 Hypandrium left lobe bifurcated into a pair of processes, each with two pointed apical edges; hypandrium right lobe bifurcated into two sharp projections ( Fig. 41)................................................... N. carcharopyga sp. nov.

- Hypandrium left lobe bifurcated into a basal pointed projection and a long apically rounded process; hypandrium right lobe not bifurcated ( Fig. 37).............................................................. N. acrochaetopyga sp. nov.

13 Epandrial medial process elongated (about twice as long as wide); epandrial right posterior margin forming a triangular posterior projection ( Fig. 55); hypandrium right lobe bifurcated at apex ( Fig. 53)....................... N. atlantica sp. nov.

- Epandrial medial process approximately round (about as long as wide); epandrial right posterior margin not projected ( Fig. 59); hypandrium right lobe not bifurcated, with posterior margin serrated ( Fig. 57)................ N. boliviana sp. nov.

14 Hind femur base with row of strong setae ( Fig. 234–251)........................................... (Group 5) 15

- Hind femur base without strong setae................................................................... 23

15 Apex of epandrial medial process forming a long, curved process directed posteriorly (about twice the length of epandrium) ( Fig. 64); base of hind femur with about 20 strong setae ( Figs. 236–237)...................... N. dolichopyga sp. nov.

- Apex of epandrial medial process not forming a long process; hind femur base with 12 or less strong setae............ 16

16 Epandrial medial process bifurcated ( Figs. 88–95)......................................................... 17

- Epandrial medial process not bifurcated ( Figs. 60, 72, 80)................................................... 18

17 Area bearing a group of setae in abdomen venter; hind tibia with five posterodorsal and two anterodorsal setae; hind femur with ventral lobe posterior to the strong seta ( Figs. 250–251).................................. N. setiventris sp. nov.

- No conspicuous setulose area in abdomen venter; hind tibia with 4-5 posterodorsal and three anterodorsal setae; hind femur without ventral lobe ( Figs. 248–249)..................................................... N. setipes Borgmeier

18 Middle of the epandrial right posterior margin projected posteriorly ( Figs. 75, 79)................................ 19

- Middle of epandrial right posterior margin not projected ( Figs. 63, 71)......................................... 22

19 Epandrial medial process thin, tapering apically ( Figs. 72, 80)................................................ 20

- Epandrial medial process not clearly tapering apically ( Figs. 76, 84)........................................... 21

20 Epandrial medial process slightly sinuous ( Fig. 72); epandrial right posterior margin projection apically pointed ( Fig. 75).......................................................................................... N. kungi sp. nov.

- Epandrial medial process straight ( Fig. 80); right posterior epandrial margin projection apically rounded ( Fig. 83)............................................................................................. N. marquesi sp. nov.

21 Epandrial medial process elongated (approximately thrice as long as wide) ( Fig. 84); phallic ventral plate bearing only two teeth, serrated at left lateral dorsal margin ( Figs. 290–291).................................. N. ptychodrilus sp. nov.

- Epandrial medial process not elongated (approximately twice as long as wide) ( Figs. 76); phallic ventral plate bearing many teeth, uniform at left lateral ( Figs. 286–287).............................................. N. manauara sp. nov.

22 Hypandrium left lobe serrated at dorsal margin, epandrial medial process only slightly longer than wide, with two pointed apical edges ( Figs. 68–71)............................................................ N. dorsimaculata sp. nov.

- Hypandrium left lobe uniform at dorsal margin, epandrial medial process short, with a single pointed apical edge ( Figs. 60–63)................................................................................. N. brachypyga sp. nov.

23 Basiphallus with dorsal process ( Figs. 296–317) (Group 6).................................................. 24

- Basiphallus without dorsal process ( Figs. 318–323)........................................................ 34

24 Epiphallus not evident, a transparent membrane at its position ( Figs. 322–323); hypandrial left lobe with a sclerotized triangular lateral projection near apex ( Figs. 148–151)......................................... N. hymenodrilus sp. nov.

- Epiphallus evident, bearing scales; hypandrial left lobe without triangular lateral projection near apex................ 25

25 Phallic secondary scaled process bearing strongly sclerotized scales ( Figs. 296–307).............................. 26

- Phallic secondary scaled process bearing weakly or more or less sclerotized scales ( Figs. 308–317).................. 30

26 Epandrial medial process bifurcated ( Figs. 96–99, 100–107)................................................. 27

- Epandrial medial process not bifurcated ( Fig. 108–111).................................... N. costaricana sp. nov.

27 Epandrial medial process with left branch bearing an apical sclerotized tooth and a basal pointed projection ( Figs. 100–103)....................................................................................... N. cauca sp. nov.

- Epandrial medial process with left branch without a differentiated apical sclerotized tooth and a basal projection........ 28

28 Phallic core plate apically rounded ( Figs. 296–297); epandrial medial process with left branch strongly sclerotized ( Figs. 96– 99)................................................................................... N. balbii sp. nov.

- Phallic core plate pointed ( Figs. 300–301, 304–305); epandrial medial process with left branch only slight sclerotized or very weakly sclerotized.................................................................................. 29

29 Epandrial medial process left branch with two pointed apical edges; epandrial right posterior margin with no well-defined row of setae ( Figs. 104–107).............................................................. N. colobopyga sp. nov.

- Epandrial medial process left branch with a single pointed apical edge; epandrial right posterior margin with a projection bearing a row of setae ( Figs. 112–115).......................................................... N. lamasi sp. nov.

30 Middle of epandrial right posterior margin with a sclerotized, tooth-like projection; hypandrium left lobe clearly bifurcated ( Figs. 128–131).................................................................... N. chocoensis sp. nov.

- Middle of epandrial right posterior margin without tooth-like projections; hypandrium left lobe not clearly bifurcated ( Figs. 136–139, 132–135).................................................................................. 31

31 Basiphallus with large dorsal process ( Figs. 316–317); epandrium projected posteriorly in left lateral dorsal margin ( Fig. 136)................................................................................. N. odontopyga sp. nov.

- Basiphallus with narrow dorsal process ( Figs. 308–311, 314–315); epandrium not projected posteriorly in left lateral dorsal margin ( Figs. 120, 132).............................................................................. 32

32 Hind tibia with one anterodorsal and 4–5 posterodorsal setae; epandrial medial process left branch rounded, with pointed, adjacent process ( Figs. 132–135)............................................................. N. diffusa sp. nov.

- Hind tibia with one anterodorsal and three posterodorsal setae; epandrial medial process left branch without adjacent process ( Figs. 120–127).................................................................................... 33

33 Four setae on hypoproct; epandrial medial process right branch slightly projected anteroventrally ( Figs. 120–123)......................................................................................... N. brachytarsus sp. nov.

- Two setae on hypoproct; epandrial medial process right branch stout, pointed, strongly curved anteroventrally ( Figs. 124–127).................................................................................. N. ceratopyga sp. nov.

34 Hypopygium large, epandrial medial process trifurcated at apex; epandrial right posterior margin with large setulose projection ( Figs. 140–143)....................................................................... N. browni sp. nov.

- Hypopygium not large, epandrial medial process bifurcated or not divided at apex; epandrial right posterior margin without large setulose projection.............................................................................. 35

35 Epandrial medial process bifurcated (144–147); phallic ventral plate bifurcated into two sclerotized processes ( Figs. 320–321).................................................................................. N. dicrodrilus sp. nov.

- Epandrial medial process not divided ( Figs. 152–159); phallic ventral plate not bifurcated ( Figs. 320–323)............. 36

36 Hypandrium left lobe slightly serrated at dorsal margin, apically rounded; epandrial medial process with apical, ventrally curved, flat projection rounded at posterior apex, pointed at anterior apex ( Figs. 152–155).......... N. platypyga sp. nov.

- Hypandrium left lobe with uniform dorsal margin, apically pointed; epandrial medial process without projections ( Figs. 156– 159).......................................................................... N. polychaetopoda sp. nov.