Leptaulopus damasi ( Tanaka, 1915 )

Gomon, Martin F., Struthers, Carl D. & Stewart, Andrew L., 2013, A New Genus and Two New Species of the Family Aulopidae (Aulopiformes), Commonly Referred to as Aulopus, Flagfins, Sergeant Bakers or Threadsails, in Australasian Waters, Species Diversity 18, pp. 141-161 : 155-157

publication ID

https://doi.org/10.12782/sd.18.2.141

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D8152B90-BF56-4323-9294-4C583CF26D63

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03928780-CB31-B405-2B75-974BFF185AA8

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Felipe (2021-11-29 22:32:58, last updated by Plazi 2023-11-08 08:40:38)

scientific name

Leptaulopus damasi ( Tanaka, 1915 )
status

 

Leptaulopus damasi ( Tanaka, 1915) View in CoL

[Japanese name: Esodamashi] ( Figs 1 View Fig , 2B View Fig , 5A, B View Fig , 6 View Fig ; Tables 2, 4)

Aulopus damasi Tanaka, 1915: 340 View in CoL , pl. 92, fig. 295, Tokyo market, “off Izu, Sagami Sea, Japan ”; Yamakawa in Masuda et al. 1984: 60; Yamakawa in Okamura and Kitajima 1984: 161, 342; Yu 1988: 25; Nakabo 1993: 300; Okamura and Amaoka 1997: 109; Nakabo in Nakabo 2000: 349; Paxton in Randall and Lim 2000: 591; Shinohara et al. 2001: 299; Nakabo in Nakabo 2002: 349; Shinohara et al. 2005: 407; Senou et al. 2006: 415; Yamada et al. 2007: 244; Prokofiev 2008: 134; Matsunuma et al. 2008: 71; Hata et al. 2012: 9; Nakabo and Kai in Nakabo 2013: 421.

Hime damasi: Masuda et al. 1975: 175 View in CoL , pl. 20-B; Parin and Kotlyar 1989: 407; Thompson 1998: 50; Hoese, Bray and Gates in Hoese et al. 2006: 464.

Neotype. NSMT-P 115220 (formerly KAUM –I. 55574) Kagoshima Prefecture, off Kusagaki Islands , 31°11.00′N, 129°29.28′E, 202 m, line fishing, collected by Toru Miyashita, 18 July 2013. GoogleMaps

Other material examined. 19 specimens, 145–311 mm SL. JAPAN: BSKU 22427, 199 mm SL, off Kochi, Kaikomaru, bottom trawl, 13 July 1971; BSKU 050964 View Materials , 148 mm SL, Okinawa Prefecture, Nago fish market, bottom trawl around Tonaki-jima Island (west of Okinawa-jima Island ), collected by I . Ohta, 13 November 2012; BSKU 050965 View Materials , 168 mm SL, same data as BSKU 050964; BSKU 050966 View Materials , 146 mm SL, same data as BSKU 050964; BSKU 050967 View Materials , 156 mm SL, same data as BSKU 050964; BSKU 050968 View Materials , 162 mm SL, same data as BSKU 050964; BSKU 106639, 213 mm SL, Kochi Prefecture, Kochi City, Mimase fish market, bottom trawl by Kosei-mau , collected by K . Hirota, 15 March 2012; KAUM –I . 43848, 311 mm SL, Kagoshima Prefecture, off Bonotsu, Minami-satsuma , 31°11.25′N, 130°06.86′E, 250 m, line fishing, collected by Toru Miyashita, 20 November 2011 GoogleMaps . TAIWAN: ASIZ 63217, 231 mm SL, northeastern Taiwan, Yilang, Da-Shi fishing port, 24.94°N, 121.9°E, bottom trawl, collected by H GoogleMaps .-C GoogleMaps . Ho, 7 May 2004; ASIZ 65839, 258 mm SL, northeastern Taiwan, Da-Shi fishing port, Yilang , 24.94°N, 121.9°E, bottom trawl, collected by P GoogleMaps .-F GoogleMaps . Lee, 24 April 2005 (X-ray at http://fishdb.sinica. edu.tw/chi/specimendetail.php?id= ASIZP0065839 View Materials ); ASIZ 65841, 263 mm SL, same data as ASIZ 65839; ASIZ 65842, 228 mm SL, same data as ASIZ 65839; ASIZ 65861, 250 mm SL, same data as ASIZ 65839; BSKU 050404 View Materials , 198 mm SL, northeastern Taiwan, Da-Shi fishing port, Yilang , 24.94°N, 121.9°E, bottom trawl, collected by R GoogleMaps . Asaoka, 4 April 2012; NMMB P11215, 2 , 249– 275 mm SL, northeastern Taiwan, Da-Shi fishing port, Yilang , 24.94°N, 121.9°E, bottom trawl, collected by H GoogleMaps .-C GoogleMaps . Ho, 5 September 2009; NMMB P 11217, 145 mm SL, northeastern Taiwan, Yilang, Nanfang’ao fishing port, 24.94°N, 121.9°E, bottom trawl, collected by H GoogleMaps .-C GoogleMaps . Ho, 5 July 2010; NMMB P 18071, 263 mm SL, northeastern Taiwan, Yilang , Nan-fang’ao fishing port, 24.94°N, 121.9°E, bottom trawl, collected by H GoogleMaps .-C GoogleMaps . Ho, 12 November 2012. AUSTRALIA: CSIRO H 651-10, 170 mm SL, Queensland, Marion Reef, Marian Plateau , 19°43.7′S, 152°06.4′E – 19°46.3′S, 152°04.5′E, 370– 368 m, FRV Soela, 23 November 1985 GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis. Dorsal fin rays 14 (rarely 13); anal fin rays 9 (rarely 8); vertebrae 20 or 21+15 or 16=36 (usually 21+ 15=36); lateral line scales 33–37+1 (usually 35+1); scales below lateral line 3.5; predorsal scales 13–17; gill rakers 2 or 3+9–12=11–15. Snout moderately elongate, length 10.6– 12.6% SL, 30.3–34.3% HL, longer than eye diameter, slightly dorsoventrally flattened, narrowly rounded from above; bony interorbital narrow, width 2.4–4.0% SL and 7.0–11.1% HL; distance from snout tip to dorsal fin origin 40.3–46.7% SL and 115–130% HL; anal fin base 8.2–10.2% SL and 22.6–29.0% HL (see Tables 2 and 4 for additional meristic and morphometric values). Expanded posterior end of maxilla and posterior and ventral margins of preopercle dusky to dark brown. Dorsal fin translucent with about three narrow submarginal stripes paralleling outer edge of fin, obscure basally, intervening spaces on fin rays white. Caudal fin white with two to four broad red bands crossing each lobe, proximal band continuous across fin in some. Reaches a moderately large size, largest specimen known 311 mm SL.

Distribution. A western Pacific species reported in Japan from the original type locality in Sagami Bay south to Kochi, Kagoshima ( Hata et al. 2012: 9), Okinawa and the East China Sea ( Yamada et al. 2007: 244), northern Taiwan and the Marion Plateau off Queensland, Australian ( Hoese et al. 2006: 464; Fig. 6 View Fig ). It appears to be confined to the upper continental slope at depths of about 250– 508 m. Like other members of the family it is likely to inhabit hard bottom environments where trawling is rarely undertaken, which would explain its paucity in collections.

Remarks. Eschmeyer (2012) reported that the sole type specimen of A. damasi (ZUMT 3771) is lost. Kazuo Sakamoto, the current curator of Tanaka’s collection, confirmed that Yoshiaki Tominaga and his co-workers had checked Tanaka’s type specimens and concluded it had been mislaid or lost. As the type specimen of A. damasi is no longer extant the erection of a neotype for A. damasi is considered necessary to affix the name and to distinguish it from the very similar Leptaulopus erythrozonatus sp. nov. A specimen (NSMT-P. 115220, 297 mm SL; Fig. 5A View Fig ) collected off Kagoshima, Japan is proposed as the neotype for the species. Accordingly, Kagoshima becomes the type locality of A. damasi under Article 76.3 of The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature ( International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999).

As indicated by the brief summary of citations above, this species has not been treated often in the literature and most references to it have been as single entry listings in faunal lists. The first report of L. damasi (as Hime damasi ; Hoese Bray and Gates in Hoese et al. 2006: 464) in the Southern Hemisphere was based on a single specimen (CSIRO H 651- 10, 170 mm SL, Fig. 5B View Fig ), the morphology of which ( Tables 2, 4) mostly agrees with Japanese specimens examined. Although the vertebral numbers for Japanese specimens have not appeared in published accounts, the Australian specimen of this species appears to have the same number of vertebral elements as material examined from Taiwan and Japan.

Eschmeyer, W. N. (Ed.) 2012. Catalog of Fishes. Available at http: // researcharcharchive. calacademy. org / research / ichthyology / catalog / fishcatmain. asp (1 January 2013).

Hata, H., Itou, M. and Motomura, H. 2012. First record of Aulopus damasi (Aulopiformes: Aulopidae) from Kagoshima Prefecture, southern Japan. Nature of Kagoshima 38: 9 - 11. [In Japanese]

Hoese, D. F., Bray, D. J., Paxton, J. R. and Allen, G. R. (Eds) 2006. Fishes. In: Beesley, P. A. and Wells, A. (Eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Volume 35. Australia: ABRS and CSIRO Publishing Parts 1 - 3, 2178 pp.

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Fourth Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp.

Masuda, H., Araga, C. and Yoshino, T. 1975. Coastal Fishes of Southern Japan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 379, 142 pls.

Masuda, H., Amaoka, K., Araga, C., Uyeno, T. and Yoshino, T. 1984 (Eds) The Fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, xxii + 437 pp., 370 pls.

Matsunuma, M., Meguro, M., Ogihara, G. and Motomura, H. 2008. Records of Aulopus formosanus (Aulopiformes, Aulopidae) from Kagoshima Prefecture, southern Japan, and descriptions of newly recognized diagnostic characters for the species. Bulletin of the Biographical Society of Japan 63: 71 - 79. [In Japanese]

Nakabo, T. (Ed.) 1993. Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 1477 pp. [In Japanese.]

Nakabo, T. (Ed.) 2000. Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species, Second Edition, Volume 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, lvi + 866 pp. [In Japanese.]

Nakabo, T. (Ed.) 2002. Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species, English Edition, Volume 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, lxi + 866 pp.

Nakabo, T. (Ed.) 2013. Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species, Third Edition, Volume 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, xlix + 864 pp.

Okamura, O. and Kitajima, T. (Eds) 1984. Fishes of the Okinawa Trough and the Adjacent waters, Volume 1. Japan Fisheries Resource Conservation Association, Tokyo, 414 pp., 205 pls.

Okamura, O. and Amaoka, K. 1997. Sea Fishes of Japan. Yama Kei Publishers, Tokyo, 783 pp.

Parin, N. V. and Kotlyar, A. N. 1989. A new aulopodid species, Hime microps, from the eastern South Pacific, with comments on geographic variations of H. japonica. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 35: 407 - 413.

Prokofiev, A. M. 2008. A new species of the genus Aulopus from the waters of Vietnam (Myctophiformes s. lato: Aulopidae). Journal of Ichthyology 48: 134 - 137.

Randall, J. E. and Lim, K. K. P. (Ed.) 2000. A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 8: 569 - 667.

Senou, H., Matsuura, K. and Shinohara, G. 2006. Checklist of fishes in the Sagami Sea with Zoological comments on shallow water fishes occurring along the coastlines under the influence of the Kuroshio Current. Memoirs of the National Science Museum, Tokyo 41: 389 - 542.

Shimizu, T. and Yamakawa, T. 1989. Review of the genera and western Pacific species of the Aulopidae. Third Indo-Pacific Fish Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, unpublished poster.

Shinohara, G., Endo, H., Matsuura, K., Machida, Y. and Honda, H. 2001. Annotated checklist of the deepwater fishes from Tosa Bay, Japan. Monographs of the National Science Museum, Tokyo 20: 283 - 343.

Shinohara, G., Sato, T., Aonuma, Y., Horikawa, H., Matsuura, K., Nakabo, T. and Sato, K. 2005. Annotated checklist of deep-sea fishes from the waters around the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Deep-sea fauna and pollutants in the Nansei Islands. Monographs of the National Science Museum, Tokyo 29: 385 - 452.

Tanaka, S. 1915. Figures and descriptions of the fishes of Japan: including Riukiu Islands, Bonin Islands, Formosa, Kurile Islands, Korea and southern Sakhalin. 19: 319 - 342, pls 91 - 95.

Thompson, B. A. 1998. Redescription of Aulopus bajacali Parin & Kotlyar, 1984, comments on its relationship and new distribution records. Ichthyological Research 45: 43 - 51.

Yamada, U., Tokimura, M., Horikawa, H. and Nakabo, T. 2007. Fishes and Fisheries of the East China and Yellow Seas. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, lxxvi + 1262 pp.

Yu, M. - J. 1988. A Preliminary Name List of Fishes of Taiwan. Biological Bulletin 68. Tunghai University Press, Taichung, 205 pp.

Gallery Image

Fig. 1. TN93 neighbour-joining tree of 59 COI sequences from 4 purported genera and 11 purported species of Aulopidae, as well as sequences for an outgroup species, Paraulopus nigripinnis. Percent bootstrap values are given for all well supported nodes (>70%), followed by bootstrap values for these nodes in a TN93 maximum likelihood and a p-distance neighbour joining tree. See text. Specimen numbers are registration numbers of vouchers or those of the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD, www.barcodinglife.org) or GenBank (www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov).

Gallery Image

Fig. 2. Nasal flap: A) Hime pyrhistion sp. nov. NMNZ P.054047, holotype; B) Leptaulopus damasi NSMT-P. 115220, neotype; and, C) Leptaulopus erythrozonatus sp. nov. NMNZ P.042518, holotype.

Gallery Image

Fig. 5. Species of Leptaulopus gen. nov.: A) L. damasi, NSMT-P115220, neotype, 297mm SL, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan (photo by H. Motomura); B) L. damasi, CSIRO H 651–10, 170mm SL, Marion Reef, Queensland, Australia (photo courtesy of CSIRO); C) L. erythrozonatus sp. nov., NMNZ P.042518, holotype, 271mm SL, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand; and, D) new genus and species (after Shimizu and Yamakawa 1989), Norfolk Ridge, New Zealand.

Gallery Image

Fig. 6. Collection localities for specimens examined of Letaulopus spp. Leptaulopus damasi (triangles): neotype black with blue centre and other material blue. Lepaulopus erythrozonatus sp. nov (squares): holotype black with red centre and paratype red.

KAUM

Kagoshima University Museum

BSKU

Kochi University

R

Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile

CSIRO

Australian National Fish Collection

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Class

Actinopterygii

Order

Aulopiformes

Family

Aulopidae

Genus

Leptaulopus