Koghiella Otte, Alexander & Cade, 1987

Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, Anso, Jérémy & Jourdan, Hervé, 2016, Crickets of New Caledonia (Insecta, Orthoptera, Grylloidea): a key to genera, with diagnoses of extant genera and descriptions of new taxa, Zoosystema 38 (4), pp. 405-452 : 418-420

Genus Koghiella Otte, Alexander & Cade, 1987

Koghiella Otte, Alexander & Cade, 1987: 406 .

TYPE SPECIES. — Koghiella bouo Otte, 1987 by original designation.

ILLUSTRATIONS. — Habitus: Figs 1I , 4C , 5A ; Anso et al. 2016a: fig. 32. Male genitalia: Figs 1K , 5 E-G; Desutter-Grandcolas 1997c, figs 7, 8; Anso et al. 2016a: fig. 33. Calling songs: Otte et al. 1987: fig. 18; Anso et al. 2016a: figs 34, 35.

EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. — Coloration variegated dorsally, lateral parts of head, pronotum and FWs contrastingly black; tibiae annulated yellow and black; male and female FWs without coloured stripes (except in K. minima Desutter-Grandcolas , n. sp.: head entirely light brown, LL only partly light brown; FWs bordered with yellow in both male and female). Eyes wide; distance between epistemal suture and lower margin of eye less than eye mid width. Ocelli set as a flat triangle; median ocellus smaller than lateral ocelli. Maxillary palpi short; joint 5 the longest, slightly but regularly widened distally, truncated obliquely distally. Pronotum transverse; anterior margin slightly concave, posterior margin convex; lateral lobe squared, more narrow distally.TI with a large outer tympanum, and no inner tympanum (no tympana in K. minima Desutter-Grandcolas , n. sp.); with two apical spurs. TII with three, long apical spurs. TIII with four pairs of subapical spurs (contra Otte et al. 1987); outer spurs regular in size (except in K. minima Desutter-Grandcolas , n. sp.); inner spurs growing in size toward TIII apex, the fourth (most basal) spur very small, the first (most distal) spur the longest, longer than hindbasitarsomere mid length. TIII with three inner and three outer apical spurs; outer spurs short, the median well longer than the dorsal; inner spurs long, median and dorsal spurs subequal but the dorsal the longest. Cerci long.

Male. FWs long, but not covering whole abdomen (not covering abdomen mid length in K. minima Desutter-Grandcolas , n. sp.). Stridulatory apparatus complete, but mirror not separate from apical reticulation (mirror lacking in K. minima Desutter-Grandcolas , n. sp.); diagonal branched to chord 1, chords 2 and 3 more distally connected, the chords all parallel and almost straight (except in the K. minima Desutter-Grandcolas , n. sp.). Subgenital plate flat and elongate. Male genitalia long and narrow; pseudepiphallic sclerite broadly triangular, being more narrow posteriorly than anteriorly; pseudepiphallic sclerite with two short, median apical lobes, variously separate and elongate; pseudepiphallic parameres flap-like, little developed.

Female. FWs short, covering less than half abdomen, and only partly overlapping; venation made of longitudinal parallel veins on dorsal and lateral fields, these veins strong only in FW parts not covered by pronotum. Subgenital plate distal margin strongly emarginate. Ovipositor straight.

DISTRIBUTION. — Endemic to New Caledonia.

HABITAT. — Straminicolous species inhabiting forest and shrubland vegetation.

REMARK

K. minima Desutter-Grandcolas , n. sp. is well-characterized within Koghiella . Its phylogenetic position within the genus will have to be checked before assessing its status further, to avoid erasing paraphyletic assemblages.

Koghiella minima Desutter-Grandcolas , n. sp. ( Fig. 5 ; Table 1)

TYPE LOCALITY. — New Caledonia, Grande Terre, Sarramea, 100 m.

ETYMOLOGY. — Species named after its very small size within the genus.

TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. New Caledonia, Grande Terre , Sar-

ramea, 100 m, recrû en bordure de pâturage, 1♂, 26.III.1994, jour, litière, fn 18, L. Desutter-Grandcolas (MNHN-EO-ENSIF3956). Paratypes. 5♂: same locality, date and collector as the holotype,

5♂, fn 14-17, 19 (MNHN-EO-ENSIF3957-3961). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — New Caledonia, Mt. Tereka,

120 m, 22°15’S, 166°23’E, 4 ♂, 1 female, 10-11.I.2005, dung trap, dry forest, G. Monteith. MNHN.

DIAGNOSIS. — Within the genus, species characterized by its very small size, the less contrasted coloration of head and pronotum, the lack of tympanum, and the yellow margins of FWs in males and females; legs I and II yellowish with faint brown rings; legs III much darker, TIII smoky black with yellowish spurs.

Male. FWs very small, not covering abdomen mid length, and truncate distally; mirror lacking. Lateral field with four longitudinal parallel veins. FWs shining black; margins of dorsal field yellow. Male genitalia: lateral margins of pseudepiphallic sclerite slightly convergent distally; pseudepiphallic median lobes quite long, slightly convex and separated by a wide V-shaped emargination.

Female. FWs very short, truncate, slightly overlapping; lateral field and median area of dorsal field dark, lateral margins of dorsal field yellowish.

HABITAT AND LIFE HISTORY TRAITS. — Koghiella minima Desutter- Grandcolas, n. sp. has been found in the leaf litter of a young forest at the edge of a pasture, during the day.

CALLING SONG. — Unknown.

DESCRIPTION

In addition to the characters of the genus: Size very small. Eyes relatively small and far apart ( Fig. 5A ). Both tympana lacking.

Coloration ( Fig. 5 A-D)

Head, pronotum and legs with short and thick, black setae. Head and palpi light yellowish brown, face somewhat paler with two transverse brown lines between epistemal suture and lower margin of antennal pits, face yellow between these brown lines ( Fig. 5C ); head dorsum slightly darker, with faint yellowish longitudinal lines, the median one thinner and lighter. Scapes and base of antennae light yellowish; antennae otherwise light brown. Pronotum ( Fig. 5A, B ) anterior margin yellowish; DD light yellowish brown; LL light brown, except anterior margin. Legs I and II yellowish brown, with faint dark rings. FIII ( Fig. 5D ) light yellowish brown; outer side with black brown oblique lines; FIII inner side with brown spots and lines. TIII black brown; knees marked with yellowish; spurs yellowish, their mid parts brown or yellowish. Basitarsomeres mid part yellowish; base and apex brown in legs I and II, black in legs III. Abdomen black; last tergites variably ochre brown laterally. Supra anal plate and cerci light yellow. Sternites yellowish; mid part fully or partly dark brown.

Male ( Fig. 5A )

FWs short, not covering abdomen mid length; dorsal and lateral fields shining black, veins limiting the dorsal field light yellow ( Fig. 5B : MA distal part, CuA basal part, thick MP, A2, distal margin of dorsal field); apical field almost lacking; lateral field black with 4 longitudinal parallel veins, the upper ones more separated than the others. Stridulatory file with about 60 teeth. Subgenital plate short, triangular; black brown.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 5 E-G)

Slightly convex. Pseudepiphallic sclerite long, broadly triangular. Apical lobes well-developed, longer than lateral part of pseudepiphallic sclerite; quite wide, of same width on basal half length, then slightly narrowing toward apex; apex rounded; lobes separated by a wide V-shaped emargination and slightly convex in lateral view. Pseudepiphallic parameres very small. Ectophallic apodemes long and thin, regularly divergent. Dorsal cavity quite high, well above dorsal limit of pseudepiphallus.

Female

Known by one specimen originating from Mt. Tereka and not from type locality. FWs short and truncate, only slightly overlapping.Venation: five or six straight longitudinal, parallel veins on dorsal field, four curved parallel veins on lateral field. Lateral field brown; dorsal field yellowish except for brown median area. Subgenital plate short, transverse, distal margin emarginate. Ovipositor long and straight (ovipL = 4.2 mm, n = 1); apex short and not widened; ventral and dorsal valves margins slightly crenulated.

Figures

FIG. 1. — Details of morphological characters: A, B, Tarsomeres 2 in Amusurgus sp. (Trigonidiinae) (A), and in Kanakinemobius mandjelia Desutter-Grandcolas, 2016 (Nemobiinae) (B); C-E, head dorsum in Notosciobia minoris Anso & Desutter-Grandcolas, 2016 (Gryllinae) (C), frontal view, Pseudotrigonidium ana Anso & Desutter-Grandcolas,2016 (D), and Protathra centralis Desutter-Grandcolas, 2014 (Phalangopsidae) (E), frontal (D) and fronto-lateral (E) views; F, G, Male FWs in Koghiella flammea Anso & Desutter-Grandcolas, 2016 (Nemobiinae) (F), and Protathra gigantea Desutter-Grandcolas, 1997 (G); H-J, habitus female of (H) Bullita fusca Gorochov, 1986 (Nemobiinae), (I) Koghiella flammea (Nemobiinae), and (J) Kanakinemobius mandjelia; K, male genitalia of Koghiella flammea, dorsal view; L, Tarsal claws of Anaxipha sp. (Trigonidiinae), frontal view; M, Male tegminal gland in Adenopterus octolineatus Desutter-Grandcolas, 2016 (Podoscirtinae); N, Tegminal pubescence in Amusurgus sp. Scales bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 4. — New Caledonian Nemobiinae (Trigonidiidae):A, Bullita transversa Desutter-Grandcolas, 1997,Col d’Amieu, by day (Photo PG); B, Bobilla sp., specimen from Parc Provincial de la Rivière Bleue; C, Koghiella flammea Anso & Desutter-Grandcolas, 2016, from Bois du Sud, by day (Photo JA); D, Paniella bipunctatus Desutter-Grandcolas, 2016, female, from Grand Kaori; E, Paora sp., specimen from Dzumac; F, Thetella sp., from Lifou (Loyalty Islands), by day (Photo PG); G, uplifted calcareous substrate where Thetella sp lives, Loyalty Islands (Photo PG). Scales bar: 1 mm.

FIG. 5. — Koghiella minima Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.: A, male habitus; B, male head and pronotum, lateral view; C, male face coloration; D, FIII coloration; E-G, male genitalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations see Material and methods. Scale bar: 1 mm.