Aphonoides duri Tan & Wahab, 2020

Tan, Ming Kai, Japir, Razy, Chung, Arthur Y. C. & Wahab, Rodzay Bin Haji Abdul, 2020, New taxa of crickets (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phaloriinae, Phalangopsinae Itarinae and Podoscirtinae) from Borneo (Brunei Darussalam and Sandakan), Zootaxa 4810 (2), pp. 244-270 : 260-263

Aphonoides duri Tan & Wahab , sp. nov.

( Figs. 12–14 )

Material examined. Male holotype (BRU.19.77), Brunei Darussalam, Belait District, Andulau Forest Reserve , N4.62158, E1114.51324, 66.6±6.0 m.a.s.l., on foliage, 1928 hours, 9 July 2019, coll. M. K. Tan ( UBDM). Paratype: 1 male, same locality as holotype, N4.62513, E114.51224, 99.8± 8.6 m.a.s.l., on palm leaf, 1000 hours, 26 February 2019, coll. M. K. Tan & H. Yeo ( ZRC) .

Diagnosis. This new species differs from congeners by the combination of these characters: Dorsum of head brown with margins of rostrum pale and a transverse white band in middle; frons pale with black transverse stripes bordering inner and ventral margin of antennal scrobe and reaching eye; pronotal dorsal disc mostly dark brown, margins pale brown; with pairs of pale spots; pronotal lateral lobe pale yellow, with irregular dark patch and small dark spots; tegmen unicolourous yellow brown with veins darker brown; male genitalia with apical epiphallic process triangular and pointing with apex acute external margin angularly convex in middle (in dorsal view) and round- ed at apex (in lateral view), with ectoparameres with dorsal lobe distinctly longer and larger than ventral lobe.

Comparison with congeners. This new species is most similar to A. sarawaki Gorochov, 2007 from Gunung Mulu (not very far from Belait) in male genitalia and colour patterns but differs distinctly by pale face with a dark stripe (instead of nearly completely black above mouthparts). Male genitalia differs by apical epiphallic process with more acute apex in dorsal view and rounded at apex (in lateral view); ectoparameres with dorsal lobe distinctly longer and larger than ventral lobe.

This species also differs from Bornean congeneric A.? cinereus (Haan, 1844) (sensu Gorochov, 2007) by apical epiphallic process not dorso-ventrally flattened (in profile) and not truncated at apex and pattern on head and frons; from A. hollowayi and A. karnyi by body with numerous dark spots (instead of unicolourous light brown), male genitalia most roundish and stout and vastly different shape of apical epiphallic process; from A. sabahi by shape of apical epiphallic process not truncated in dorsal view and without small apical spinule, and head dorsum and pronotal disc brown (instead of light grey with sparse dark spots) and pronotal lateral lobe with more dark patterns; from A. tawai by shape of apical epiphallic process not long and spine-like.

Colour patterns of head and frons are very similar to A. gialai Gorochov, 2007 from Vietnam (known only from female) but differ by pronotum with more dark patterns and spots.

Description. Habitus typical of genus ( Fig. 12 ). Head rostrum triangular, 1.7 times as wide as scapus, 1.2 times as wide as eye, with apex truncated (in dorsal view) ( Fig. 13A ). Scapus elongated ( Fig. 13C ). Eyes distinctly vertically oblong, projected anteriorly ( Fig. 13A ); median ocellus transverse, distinctly wider than long and located between scapi; lateral ocellus between postero-inner margin of scapus and anterior margin of eye, rounded. Maxillary palpi somewhat stout, cylindrical, with apical (fifth) and subapical segments swollen distally; apical segment with apex obtuse; apical, subapical and third segments subequal length ( Fig. 13C ). Pronotal disc 0.9 times as long as wide, anterior margin straight, posterior margin strongly angular in middle, widen posteriorly (posterior margin 1.5 times as wide as anterior margin) ( Fig. 13A ). Pronotal lateral lobe 1.2 times as long as high, finely pubescent and margin with longer and thicker setae (especially the posterior margin) ( Fig. 13C ). Fore tibia with large elongated oval and open inner tympanum and without outer tympanum; fore and middle legs generally finely pubescent, with a few stout setae located along ventral margin; without subapical spines on ventral margins.

Male. Tegmen extending beyond abdominal apex and knee of hind femur; dorsal field longer than lateral field; dorsal field with four main longitudinal veins with numerous cross veins; basal most vein splits at base on anal side ( Fig. 12B ). Lateral field with numerous very faint cross veins between M and Sc ( Fig. 12C ); Sc with 5 branches with a few cross-veins between branches ( Fig. 12C ). Hind wings surpassing tegmina.

Male genitalia stout and rounded as shown in Fig. 14 : epiphallus transverse, with posterior margin broadly emarginated and somewhat truncated in middle of emargination. Apical epiphallic process in dorsal and ventral view triangular and pointing with apex acute, external margin with angular convex in middle; in lateral view with apex rounded, dorsal and ventral margin at distal half faintly converging towards apex. Ectoparameres forkedshaped in lateral view, with two apical lobes; dorsal lobe larger and elongated, with apex rounded; ventral lobe distinctly shorter with apex distinctly more acute (in lateral view).

Female. Unknown.

Colouration. Head, pronotum and legs generally pale yellow with numerous dark patterns and spots ( Fig. 12 ). Dorsum of head brown with black spot beside lateral ocellus; margins of rostrum pale, a transverse white band in middle ( Fig. 13A ). Frons pale with black stripes bordering inner and ventral margin of antennal scrobe and reaching eye ( Fig. 13C ). Scapus pale yellow with brown patches. Maxillary palps generally pale with tint of dark ( Fig. 13C ). Pronotal dorsal disc mostly dark brown, margins pale brown; with pairs of pale spots, small pyriform spots just behind anterior margin, larger pyriform spots with a black spot inside in middle, and smaller oval spots after middle ( Fig. 13A ). Lateral lobe pale yellow, with irregular dark patch and small dark spots ( Fig. 13C ). Fore and middle femora mostly pale brown some irregular dark patch towards distal end; fore and middle tibiae somewhat banded. Hind femur pale brown, with dorsal dark brown spot in middle and band near knee, external surface mostly with numerous brown stripes. Hind tibia pale brown with two broad dark band, one after knee and the other slightly after middle. Tegmen unicolourous yellow brown with veins darker brown ( Fig. 12 ). Abdominal tergite dark brown with distal margin yellow sternite pale and dark grey in middle ( Fig. 13D ).

Measurements (in mm). Male holotype BL = 9.4; HL = 1.1; PL = 2.3; PW = 2.6; TL = 11.6; TW = 1.5; HWL = 2.8; HFL = 6.1; HTL = 7.9.

Etymology. The species name refers to the characteristics thorn-like epiphallic apical process (in dorsal view) and acute ventral lobe of ectoparamere (in lateral view) (duri = thorn in Bahasa Malay), noun in apposition.

Figures

FIGURE 12. Aphonoides duri sp. nov. male holotype in natural environment (A), habitus in dorsal (B) and lateral (C) views. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 13. Aphonoides duri sp. nov. male holotype: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views, face in anterior view (B), abdomen in ventral view (D). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 14. Aphonoides duri sp. nov. male genitalia in dorsal (A), ventral (B, C) and lateral (D) views.