Chorebus pione, (Nixon, 1944)

Godfray, Charles J. & Achterberg, Cornelis Van, 2024, Annotated Checklist of the European Dacnusini and the Dapsilarthra genus group of the Alysiini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Alysiinae), Zootaxa 5513 (1), pp. 1-73 : 31-33

pione ( Nixon, 1944)

Group: 5b.

Literature: Nixon 1944 -254; Griffiths II-576 (K VI-124); Tobias (318).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Agromyza phragmitidis on Phragmites communis ( Poaceae ). Evidence— Griffiths (6); NMS (1).

poemyzae Griffiths, 1968

Group: 5a.

Literature: Griffiths VI-80 (K VI-132) [VII-356]; Tobias (264).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Cerodontha spp. leaf-mining Poaceae . Evidence —Griffiths (27); NMS (?4). Comment —Recorded hosts: C. incisa , C. pygmaea , C. beigerae ( = deschampsiae ).

DNA Barcode: see C. asramenes .

polygoni Griffiths, 1967

Group: 5b.

Literature: Griffiths II-577 (K VI-128); Tobias (320).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of leaf-mining Agromyza spp .. Evidence —Griffiths (8). Comment — Holotype (+5) reared from A. polygoni on Bistorta officinalis (= Polygonum bistorta ) ( Polygonaceae ); two from A. nigrescens (which is a Geranium [ Geraniaceae ] miner); an unusual combination of hosts.

posticus (Haliday, 1839; Alysia )

Synonymy: gracilis ( Nees, 1834, Alysia ), synonymy by van Achterberg (1997); egregia (Marshall, 1895, Dacnusa ); dentatus ( Tobias, 1962, Dacnusa ), synonymy by Tobias (1986);?erythogaster (Szépligeti, 1901, Dacnusa ) after Tobias (1986).

Group: 1d.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -23; Nixon 1944 -148, (K 1943-163); Griffiths (K IV-665); Tobias (85, 377, 381).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Chamaepsila (= Psila ) rosae ( Psilidae ) on roots of Apiaceae . Evidence — Nixon 1944 -148; Wright et al. (1947); van’t Sant (1961); Burn (1984); NMS (2). Comment —The host is the carrot fly, a well-known pest of the vegetable. May also attack Chamaepsila nigricornis though needs confirmation.

DNA Barcode: Yes; in two BINs which both contain specimens that would key to posticus & selene in Nixon, and which do not seem to have consistent morphological differences.

Similar species: C. cultratus ; C. dentiferus (Griffiths I-890).

Notes: The only Dacnusini recorded from Psilidae . A large species with, in the female, a laterally compressed abdomen. Wright et al. (1947) provide details of life history and juvenile stages. An attempted introduction to North America apparently failed ( Maybee 1952). The distinctiveness and status of C. selene needs further research. C. dentatus listed as species in Fauna Europaea (2023).

pratensis ( Tobias, 1962 Dacnusa )

Group: 1a.

Literature: Griffiths (K IV-659); Tobias (350).

DNA Barcode: No; single specimen in a BIN that is morphologically similar to C. pratensis likely represents an undescribed species.

propediremptum Fischer, Tormos, Docavo & Pardo, 2004

Group: 5c.

Literature: Fischer et al. (2004a).

Similar species: C. diremptus , C. flavipes .

prosper ( Nixon, 1945) Dacnusa

Group: 5a.

Literature: Nixon 1945 -203; Griffiths (K VI-130); Tobias (229).

pseudoasini Docavo & Tormos, 1998

Group: 3a.

Literature: Docavo and Tormos (1998).

Similar species: C. asini , C. metallicus , C. pseudometallicus .

pseudoasphodeli Tormos, Pardo, Jiménez, Asís & Gayubo, 2003

Group: 4a.

Literature: Tormos et al. (2003).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Phytomyza chaerophylli on Daucus carota ( Apiaceae ). Evidence— Tormos et al. (2003).

Similar species: C. asphodeli .

Notes: Description includes information on larval morphology and venom apparatus.

pseudoasramenes Tormos, Pardo, Jiménez, Asís & Gayubo, 2003

Group: 5a.

Literature: Tormos et al. (2003).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Cerodontha phragmitophila on Arundo donax ( Poaceae ). Evidence— Tormos et al. (2003).

Notes: Description includes some information on larval morphology and venom apparatus.

Similar species: C. asramenes .

pseudometallicus Docavo & Tormos, 1998

Group: 3a.

Literature: Docavo and Tormos (1998).

Similar species: C. asini , C. metallicus .

pseudomisellus Griffiths, 1968

Group: 5f.

Literature: Griffiths V-44 (K VI-134); Tobias (27, 200).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Liriomyza congesta mining Fabaceae . Evidence— Griffiths (7).

DNA Barcode: No; BIN with specimens similar to C. pseudomisellus likely an undescribed species.

Similar species: C. xsarus .

pulchellus Griffiths, 1967

Group: 1a.

Literature: Griffiths IV-667 (K IV-659) [VII-357]; Tobias (351).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of an Agromyzidae feeding in the midrib of Hypochoeris radicata ( Asteraceae ), likely Phytomyza cecidonomia . Evidence— Griffiths (3).

Similar species: C. separatus .

pulverosus (Haliday, 1839; Alysia )

Synonymy: marsyas ( Nixon, 1937, Dacnusa ) synonymy by van Achterberg (1997).

Group: 1a.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -42; Nixon 1944 -99; Griffiths (K IV-660); Tobias (364).

Notes: Griffiths (IV-660) considered the name pulverosus unavailable, a view rejected by van Achterberg (1997).

punctus (Goureau, 1851; Dacnusa )

Group: 5a.

Literature: Griffiths III-848 (K VI-130) [VII-355]; Tobias (288).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Phytomyza spp. leaf-mining ferns (Pteridophyta) and Crassulaceae . Evidence —Griffiths (34); NMS (29). Comment —Recorded fern-feeding hosts: P. scolopendri , P. dorsata ; from Crassulaceae : P. rhodiolae , P. sedicola .

DNA Barcode: Yes; specimens from ferns and P. rhodiolae (UK) share a BIN with C. armida (q.v.); specimens from P. sedicola ( Finland) are in a separate BIN.

Notes: Griffiths III-848 speculated that wasps associated with ferns and Crassulaceae were separate species which partially accords with DNA barcode data.

pusiculus Papp, 2009

Group: 1c.

Literature: Papp (2009c).

Similar species: C. serus , C. xiphidius .

Notes: Described from Slovakia but not in Fauna Europaea (2023).

resa ( Nixon, 1937; Dacnusa )

Group: 5a.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -21; Nixon 1944 -151, (K 1943-165); Griffiths II-577 (K VI-123); Tobias (108); Papp (2013, p. 237).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Agromyza spp. ( ambigua group) leaf-mining Poaceae . Evidence —Griffiths (3). Comment— Record from Phytomyza melana which feeds on Apiaceae ( Alekseev et al. 2019) likely an error.

DNA Barcode: Yes; specimens in two sister BINs.

rhanis ( Nixon, 1943; Dacnusa )

Group: 4b.

Literature: Nixon 1946 -290 (K 1943-162); Griffiths (K VI-119); Tobias (7).

risilis (Nixon, 1949; Gyrocampa )

Group: 3a.

Literature: Nixon 1949-297; Griffith (K VI-116); Tobias (473).

rondanii ( Giard, 1904; Dacnusa )

Synonymy: galbus ( Nixon, 1944, Dacnusa ); bathyzonus auct. non Marshall.

Group: 1e.

Literature: Nixon 1944 -93; Griffiths IV-669 (K IV-665); Tobias (386).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Ophiomyia simplex in stems of Asparagus officinalis ( Asparagaceae ). Evidence — Giard (1904); Barnes and Walton (1934); Barnes (1937); Griffiths (many); Morrison et al. (2014).

DNA Barcode: Yes.

Similar species: C. eucodonis ; C. obscurator .

Notes: Host a pest of cultivated asparagus.

rostratae Griffiths, 1984

Group: 5c.

Literature: Griffiths VII-353; Godfray and Warrington (2023).

Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Phytomyza rostrata in seedheads of Orobanchaceae . Evidence— Griffiths (60), NMS (3), Moraal and Dirkse (1992).

Similar species: C. diremtus , C. unicus .

rotundiventris ( Thomson, 1895; Dacnusa )

Group: 5a.

Literature: Griffiths II-578 (K VI-125); Tobias (80).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Agromyza distorta leaf-mining Poaceae . Evidence —Griffiths (18). rousseaui ( Schulz, 1907; Dacnusa )

Group: 6.

Literature: Rousseau (1907); Burghele (1960a); Griffiths (K VI-113).

Notes: A freshwater-adapted species; whether it is distinct from C. striola (q.v.), needs further investigation. rubicundus Griffiths, 1968

Group: 5a.

Literature: Griffiths VI-78 (K VI-140); Tobias (112).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Cerodontha spp. leaf-mining Poaceae . Evidence —Griffiths (2). Comment — Two records from C. pygmaea but Griffiths considers main host likely a different species.

DNA Barcode: Yes; in two BINs that seem morphologically very similar.

Similar species: C. citreus , C. vodaro .

ruficollis ( Stelfox, 1957; Gyrocampa )

Group: 3a.

Literature: Griffiths (K VI-115); Tobias (463); Yari et al. (2016).

DNA Barcode: Yes.

rufimarginatus ( Stelfox, 1954; Dacnusa )

Group: 5d.

Literature: Stelfox (1954); Griffiths (K VI-123); Tobias (51).

Similar species: C. tergoflavus , C. lanzarotensis .

[ rufipes ( Nees, 1812; Bassus )]

Notes: Not treated by Nixon or Griffiths; Haliday (1833) considered a synonym of Dacnusa pubescens and Thomson (1895) stated similar to D. exserens ( = pubescens ). Thus not Chorebus and as type lost probably a nomen dubium .