Dacnusa dryas (Nixon, 1948)

Godfray, Charles J. & Achterberg, Cornelis Van, 2024, Annotated Checklist of the European Dacnusini and the Dapsilarthra genus group of the Alysiini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Alysiinae), Zootaxa 5513 (1), pp. 1-73 : 48-49

dryas ( Nixon, 1948; Rhizarcha )

Group: 1c.

Literature: Nixon 1948 -223; Griffiths II-564 (K III-893); Tobias (23, 59).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Agromyza spp. on Vicia spp. and Medicago spp. ( Fabaceae ). Evidence — Griffiths (2); NMS (3); Heimpel and Meloche (2001). Comment —Recorded hosts: A. frontella , A. vicifoliae . Has been introduced to North America where it also attacks a Liriomyza sp.

DNA Barcode: Yes (British partial sequences cluster strongly with a Canadian clade).

Notes: Introduced to the United States and Canada in the late 1970s where it controlled the introduced A. frontella , a pest there called the alfalfa blotch miner (reviewed by Heimpel & Meloche 2001). Guppy and Meloche (1987) describe life history and immature stages in Canada.

ergeteles ( Nixon, 1954; Pachysema )

Group: 2d.

Literature: Nixon 1954 -267; Griffiths III-811 (K III-899); Tobias (117).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Phytomyza sp. , possibly on Ranunculaceae . Evidence— Griffiths (1 Danish specimen but host unclear).

euphrasiella Griffiths, 1984

Group: 2d.

Literature: Griffiths VII-351 (K VII-352).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Phytomyza affinis in seedheads of Euphrasia spp. ( Orobanchaceae ). Evidence —Griffiths (4).

evadne Nixon, 1937

Group: 2d.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -60; Nixon 1954 -264; Griffiths II-564 (K III-896); Tobias (101, 169).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Agromyza idaeiana ( = spiraeae ) on Filipendula ulmaria (Roseaceae). Evidence— Griffiths (10); NMS (11).

DNA Barcode: Yes.

faeroeensis (Roman, 1917; Rhizarcha )

Synonymy: lestes Nixon, 1937 .

Group: 1c.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -68; Nixon 1948 -221; Griffiths (K III-893); Tobias (32, 61); Papp (2007b, p. 31).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Scaptomyza graminum ( Drosophilidae ) on Brassicaceae and Anthyllis vulneraria ( Fabaceae ). Evidence— NMS (28).

DNA Barcode: Yes; see also D. confinis .

Notes: Parasitoids from different host plants have same barcode. Not closely related to Dacnusa temula , the only other Dacnusini attacking drosophilids.

fasciata Stelfox, 1954

Group: 2d.

Literature: Nixon 1954 -273; Griffiths III-822 (K III-897); Tobias (135, 176).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Phytomyza dasyops (whose host plant was not recorded but likely internal feeder in Orobanchaceae ). Evidence— Griffiths (7).

[festa (Goureau, 1851, Coelinius )]

Literature: Marshall (1891 -1896, p. 522); Griffiths III-929.

Notes: Griffiths (loc. cit.) discusses and considers the taxa a nomen dubium . Host ( Phytomyza primulae [ = cinerella ]) and figure in Goureau suggest Dacnusa -genus group rather than Coelinius .

[ flavicoxa Thomson, 1895 ; Dacnusa ]

Notes: Antrusa flavicoxa mistakenly in Dacnusa in Fauna Europaea (2023).

fuscipes Griffiths, 1967

Group: 2d.

Literature: Griffiths III-818 (K III-896); Tobias (93).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Phytomyza spp. forming blotch mines. Evidence— Griffiths (5). Comment — Recorded hosts P. angelicae ( = laserpitii ) on Laserpitium latifolium ( Apiaceae ) and P. aconiti on Delphinium oxysepalum ( Ranunculaceae ). Disjunct host association would benefit from further research.

[ gallarum ( Ratzeburg, 1852; Bracon )]

Literature: Ratzeburg (1852).

Notes: Not treated by modern authors; reared from Nematus leaf-galls (Symphyta) on Salix (Salicaeae) and if host correct very unlikely to be Dacnusini .

gentianae Griffiths, 1967

Group: 1a.

Literature: Griffiths III-831 (K III-893); Tobias (27, 60).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Phytomyza spp. mining Gentianaceae . Evidence— Griffiths (5). Comment — Recorded hosts P. vernalis , P. gentianae , P. swertiae .

groschkeana Griffiths, 1968

Group: 2d.

Literature: Griffiths V-20 (K V-18); Tobias (33, 61).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Liriomyza veratri mining Veratrum album ( Melanthiaceae ). Evidence— Griffiths (12).

Similar species: D. laeta .

helvetica Griffiths, 1967

Group: 1a.

Literature: Griffiths III-830 (K III-893); Tobias (20).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Phytomyza ramosa mining Knautia arvensis ( Caprifoliaceae ). Evidence— Griffiths (2).

heringi Griffiths, 1967

Group: 1c.

Literature: Griffiths III-827 (K III-892); Tobias (38, 53).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Phytomyza griffithsi on Plantago media ( Plantaginaceae ). Evidence— Griffiths (8).

DNA Barcode: No; BIN with likely undescribed species near D. heringi .

hospita (Förster, 1863; Aphanta )

Group: 2a.

Literature: Nixon 1954 -279; Griffiths III-802, [V-18, VII-350] (K III-895); Tobias (222).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Phytomyza spp. on Ranunculus spp. ( Ranunculaceae ). Evidence —Griffiths (2); NMS (2).

DNA Barcode: Yes.

Similar species: D. sasakawai .

Notes: Based on its unusual venation, hospita is sometimes placed in the genus Aphanta (with sasakawai Takada ); Griffith’s I-854 argument that it is a derived species of Dacnusa is followed here.

jakovlevi Tobias, 1986

Literature: Tobias (219).

Similar species: D. obesa .

Notes: Briefly described in a key from a single female.