Parastephanellus Enderlein, 1906

Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tan, Qing-Qing, Zhou, Tong & Li, Tao, 2018, Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China, Zootaxa 4459 (2), pp. 327-349 : 328-329

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.2.7
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:80274354-1EC7-4E81-A672-A01259FB66C2
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5971474
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D879A-7A09-FFBA-FF68-AD550AEBB7D3
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Parastephanellus Enderlein
status

Treatment

Key to species of the genus Parastephanellus Enderlein from China

1 Medio-anteriorly pronotum steeply arising behind neck ( Figs 19 View FIGURES 18–26 , 27 View FIGURE 27 , 63 View FIGURES 62–69 ); emargination of pygidial area of ♀ wide ( Figs 22 View FIGURES 18–26 , 66 View FIGURES 62–69 ); vein 1-M of fore wing 1.1–1.5 × (rarely up to 1.6 x) vein 1-SR ( Figs 18 View FIGURES 18–26 , 62 View FIGURES 62–69 ); pale streak of temple rather narrow dorsally and distinctly remaining removed from occipital carina ( Figs 26 View FIGURES 18–26 , 69 View FIGURES 62–69 ); [ovipositor sheath 1.4–1.8 × as long as body; frons of ♀ largely dark brown, but yellowish in ♂; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r ( Figs 18 View FIGURES 18–26 , 62 View FIGURES 62–69 ); temples moderately angulate to rounded in dorsal view ( Figs 25 View FIGURES 18–26 , 68 View FIGURES 62–69 )]......................................... 2 - Medio-anteriorly pronotum gradually arising behind neck ( Figs 4 View FIGURES 3–10 , 12 View FIGURES 11–17 ); emargination of pygidial area of ♀ usually narrower ( Figs 6 View FIGURES 3–10 , 54 View FIGURES 45–54 , 71 View FIGURES 70, 71 , 93 View FIGURES 92–99 ); vein 1-M of fore wing 1.5–2.2 × vein 1-SR ( Figs 3 View FIGURES 3–10 , 11 View FIGURES 11–17 , 45 View FIGURES 45–54 ; but 1.3–1.5 × in P. yixiwui ; Fig. 72 View FIGURES 72–81 ); pale streak of temple variable, but usually close to occipital carina ( Figs 9 View FIGURES 3–10 , 17 View FIGURES 11–17 , 46 View FIGURES 45–54 , 57 View FIGURES 56–61 , 99 View FIGURES 92–99 ), except in P. yixiwui ( Figs 80 View FIGURES 72–81 , 85, 89 View FIGURES 85–91 )....... 3

2 Hind coxa of ♀ 2.1–2.2 × as long as wide in dorso-lateral view ( Fig. 21 View FIGURES 18–26 ; ♂ up to 2.6 ×, measured over flat aciculate or coriaceous area in dorso-lateral view: Fig. 2 View FIGURES 1–2 ); first metasomal tergite 4.4–5.5 × as long as its maximum width ( Fig. 30 View FIGURES 28–34 ); hind tibia 1.2 × as long as hind femur ( Fig. 23 View FIGURES 18–26 ); temple behind pale streak chestnut to orange brown ( Fig. 26 View FIGURES 18–26 ); vein r of fore wing ends near level of apex of pterostigma ( Figs 18 View FIGURES 18–26 , 28 View FIGURES 28–34 ); [middle basitarsus of ♀ 6–7 × as long as its medial width; first discal cell of fore wing comparatively narrow and its length approx. 3.1 × as long as vein 1-M ( Fig. 18 View FIGURES 18–26 )]......................................................................................... P. brevicoxalis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011

- Hind coxa of ♀ 2.7–3.0 × as long as wide in dorso-lateral view ( Fig. 65 View FIGURES 62–69 ); first metasomal tergite 6.8–7.5 × as long as its maximum width; hind tibia 1.1 × as long as hind femur; temple behind pale streak dark brown ( Fig. 69 View FIGURES 62–69 ); vein r of fore wing ends far behind level of apex of pterostigma ( Fig. 62 View FIGURES 62–69 )................................... P. matsumotoi van Achterberg, 2006

3 Pterostigma obtuse apically ( Fig. 92 View FIGURES 92–99 ); pronotum stout in dorsal view ( Fig. 94 View FIGURES 92–99 ); yellowish streak of temple reaching occipital carina dorsally ( Fig. 98 View FIGURES 92–99 ); pronotum below tegulae with some rugulae ( Fig. 93 View FIGURES 92–99 ); pygidial area of ♀ not protruding latero-api- cally and emargination shallow ( Fig. 95 View FIGURES 92–99 ); ovipositor sheath approximately as long as body; first metasomal tergite of ♀ approximately 4 × as long as its maximum width; [vein 1-M of fore wing 2.2 × vein 1-SR and 1.3 × vein m-cu; propodeum medially densely foveolate and interspaces small; laterally pronotum dark brown ( Fig. 91 View FIGURES 85–91 )]........................................................................................ P. zhejiangensis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011

- Pterostigma roundly narrowed apically ( Figs 45 View FIGURES 45–54 , 72 View FIGURES 72–81 ); pronotum relatively slender in dorsal view ( Figs 48 View FIGURES 45–54 , 74 View FIGURES 72–81 ) or robust ( Figs 13 View FIGURES 11–17 , 37 View FIGURES 35–42 ); yellowish streak of temple remain separated from occipital carina in dorsal view ( Figs. 53 View FIGURES 45–54 , 60 View FIGURES 56–61 , 79 View FIGURES 72–81 ); pronotum below tegulae costate ( Fig. 63 View FIGURES 62–69 ); pygidial area of ♀ distinctly protruding latero-apically and emargination moderately deep ( Figs 6 View FIGURES 3–10 , 71 View FIGURES 70, 71 ), but intermediate in P. evexus ( Fig. 54 View FIGURES 45–54 ); ovipositor sheath 1.3–1.7 × as long as body (unknown of P. brevistigma ); if about as long as body ( P. evexus ) then first metasomal tergite of ♀ 9–10 × as long as its maximum width ( Fig. 44 View FIGURES 43-44 ).............. 4

4 Vein 1-SR of fore wing weakly angled with vein 1-M and about as long as vein 2-M+CU1 ( Fig. 35 View FIGURES 35–42 ); first discal cell of fore wing narrow and distinctly parallel-sided ( Fig. 35 View FIGURES 35–42 ); vein m-cu of fore wing about as long as vein 2-SR+M ( Fig. 35 View FIGURES 35–42 ); pronotum yellowish brown and distinctly paler than mesoscutum ( Fig. 36 View FIGURES 35–42 ); [vein 1-M of fore wing 2.1 × vein 1-SR and 1.1 × vein m-cu; temple yellowish posteriorly and ivory streak slightly contrasting with it ( Fig. 42 View FIGURES 35–42 ); anterior part of mesoscutum in dorsal view rather shiny and (except for 3 crenulate grooves) largely smooth ( Fig. 36 View FIGURES 35–42 ); frons regularly transversely rugose medially; only male holotype known from Taiwan, males from continental China belong to P. austrochinensis Belokobylskij ]......................................................................................... P. brevistigma Enderlein, 1913

- Vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and 2–4 × as long as vein 2-M+CU1 ( Figs 3 View FIGURES 3–10 , 11 45 View FIGURES 11–17 View FIGURES 18–26 View FIGURE 27 View FIGURES 28–34 View FIGURES 35–42 View FIGURES 43-44 View FIGURES 45–54 , 72 View FIGURES 72–81 ), rarely shorter; first discal cell of fore wing moderately wide and less parallel-sided ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 3–10 , 11 View FIGURES 11–17 , 72 View FIGURES 72–81 ); vein m-cu of fore wing much longer than vein 2-SR+M ( Figs 3 View FIGURES 3–10 , 11 View FIGURES 11–17 , 72 View FIGURES 72–81 ); pronotum variable, usually dark brown or blackish, similar to colour of mesoscutum ( Figs 46 View FIGURES 45–54 , 73 View FIGURES 72–81 ) or at least dorsally so ( Figs 5 View FIGURES 3–10 , 48 View FIGURES 45–54 )...................................................................... 5

5 Frons of ♀ narrow ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 3–10 ); vein cu-a of fore wing sinuate and posteriorly distinctly reclivous ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 3–10 ); vein 1-M of fore wing 1.3 × vein m-cu ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 3–10 ); hind femur shiny and largely (except medially) smooth; yellowish streak of temple surpassing upper level of occipital carina in dorsal view ( Fig. 8 View FIGURES 3–10 ); first metasomal tergite of ♀ approximately 8.3 × as long as its maximum width; pygidial area of ♀ distinctly protruding latero-apically ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 3–10 ); [temples of ♀ distinctly angulate in dorsal view ( Fig. 8 View FIGURES 3–10 ); laterally pronotum chestnut brown ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 3–10 ); basal part of pterostigma about 1.5 × as long as vein r ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 3–10 ); distance from dorsally widened pale streak on temple to occipital carina in dorsal view less than width of streak ( Fig. 8 View FIGURES 3–10 )]...................................................................................... P. angulatus Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011

- Frons of ♀ moderately wide ( Figs 52 View FIGURES 45–54 , 78 View FIGURES 72–81 ); vein cu-a of fore wing nearly straight and posteriorly slightly reclivous ( Figs 11 View FIGURES 11–17 , 45 View FIGURES 45–54 , 72 View FIGURES 72–81 ); vein 1-M of fore wing 0.9–1.1 × vein m-cu ( Figs 11 View FIGURES 11–17 , 45 View FIGURES 45–54 , 72 View FIGURES 72–81 ), rarely 1.2 ×; hind femur with satin sheen and largely microsculptured ( Figs 14 View FIGURES 11–17 , 50 View FIGURES 45–54 , 77 View FIGURES 72–81 ); size of yellowish streak of temple variable ( Figs 16 View FIGURES 11–17 , 53 View FIGURES 45–54 , 60 View FIGURES 56–61 , 79 View FIGURES 72–81 ); first metasomal tergite of ♀ 4.8– 7.2 × as long as its maximum width ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 72–81 ), if up to 9.5–10.9 × as long as wide ( Fig. 44 View FIGURES 43-44 ) then pygidial area of ♀ hardly protruding latero-apically ( Fig. 54 View FIGURES 45–54 )6

6 First metasomal tergite of ♀ very slender, approx. 9.5 × as long as wide ( Fig. 44 View FIGURES 43-44 ), of ♂ 8.7–10.9 ×; ovipositor sheath approximately as long as body and 1.8 × as long as fore wing; hind femur in front of middle tooth hardly dentate ( Figs 43 View FIGURES 43-44 , 50 View FIGURES 45–54 , 55 View FIGURE 55 ); sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing up to level of apex of vein r ( Fig. 45 View FIGURES 45–54 ); pygidial area of ♀ not protruding and rounded latero-apically ( Figs 43 View FIGURES 43-44 , 54 View FIGURES 45–54 ); temples of ♀ strongly angulate in dorsal view ( Fig. 53 View FIGURES 45–54 , but rounded in ♂: Fig. 60 View FIGURES 56–61 ); [posterior part of pronotum and mesoscutum moderately high in lateral view ( Fig. 43 View FIGURES 43-44 )]............................... P. evexus sp. n.

- First metasomal tergite of ♀ less slender, 6.2–7.2 × as long as wide ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 72–81 ), of ♂ up to 8.7 ×; ovipositor sheath 1.4–1.7 × as long as body and 2.5–2.8 × as long as fore wing; hind femur in front of middle tooth distinctly dentate ( Figs 14 View FIGURES 11–17 , 77 View FIGURES 72–81 , 90 View FIGURES 85–91 ); pygidial area of ♀ distinctly protruding and truncate latero-apically ( Fig. 71 View FIGURES 70, 71 ); temples of ♀ rounded to moderately angulate in dorsal view ( Fig. 79 View FIGURES 72–81 ); sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r ( Figs 11 View FIGURES 11–17 , 72 View FIGURES 72–81 )................. 7

7 Posterior part of pronotum very low ( Figs 73 View FIGURES 72–81 , 85 View FIGURES 85–91 ); frons of ♀ dark brown ( Fig. 78 View FIGURES 72–81 ; yellow in ♂: 88); first metasomal tergite slender, 6.2–7.2 × as long as wide ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 72–81 ); pronotum black, and in dorsal view less robust and posterior part partly coarsely sculptured ( Fig. 74 View FIGURES 72–81 )....................................................................... P. yixiwui sp. n.

- Posterior part of pronotum comparatively high ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 11–17 ); frons of both sexes brownish yellow ( Fig. 15 View FIGURES 11–17 ); first metasomal tergite rather robust, approximately 5 × as long as its maximum width; pronotum orange brown, and in dorsal view robust and posterior part superficially sculptured ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 11–17 ); [frons transversely rugose; ivory streak of temple hardly contrasting with yellowish remainder of temple ( Fig. 17 View FIGURES 11–17 ; ♂, but slightly more in ♀)]............... P. austrochinensis Belokobylskij, 1995 , reinstated