Gymnetis hepatica Di Iorio, 2013

Iorio, Osvaldo Di, 2013, A review of the Cetoniinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from Argentina and adjacent countries: systematics and geographic distributions, Zootaxa 3668 (1), pp. 1-87 : 35-36

Gymnetis hepatica Di Iorio , new species

Figs. 2 (distribution), 47–48 (aspects), 54 (parameres), 146 (natural history)

Paragymnetis chalcipes litigiosa (Gory & Perch.) , in part: Viana & Williner 1981: 36 (distribution (La Rioja )): misidentification.

Paragymnetis litigiosa (red form), not Gory & Percheron, 1833: Di Iorio 2003: 181 (natural history), 201 (distribution; natural history), Fig. 11 (distribution; natural history): misidentification.

Distribution: ARGENTINA: Santiago del Estero: Sachayoj ( Di Iorio 2003); Chaco: Charata ( Di Iorio 2003); La Rioja: Iliar ( Viana & Williner 1981).

Holotype

ARGENTINA: Córdoba: “Cordo- / va.” [printed on green paper], “ hepatica / Burm./ Rep. Arg.” [handwritten by Burmeister, originally pinned to the bottom of the drawer], 1 ex. [ HBBA], “ Holotypus ” [printed on red paper], “ Gymnetis / hepatica sp. n. / Di Iorio det. 2012” [handwritten on red paper], “ MACN-En / 10820 ” [printed].

Paratypes (41 specimens)

PARAGUAY: Presidente Hayes: Los Pioneros, 10-XII-2003, C. Aguilar leg., 1 ex. [ LABA]; ARGENTINA: Catamarca: Recreo , 18-III-1952, A. Martínez leg., 1 ex. [ ODIC]; Pomancillo , XII-1944, Bosq Collection, 1 ex. [ MLPA]; Tucumán: [Tucumán, P. Girard leg.], “[illegible letter]. Corral / I.1907 / [illegible word]” (handwritten on white paper), “16031”, 1 ex. [ MACN]; Santiago del Estero: “S. del Estero / Col. Wagner ” [printed], 1 ex. [ MLPA]; Rio Salado, Wagner leg., 1 ex. [ CBBA], Bosq Collection , 4 exx. [ MLPA], one labeled “ Gymnetis / inquinita / Thoms.” [handwritten by Bosq], Richter Collection, 1 ex. [ MLPA]; Rio Salado, Wagner leg., 1 ex. [ MLPA], “ Gymnetis / heiroglyphica [sic] / rubrocincta Schur. / det. B.C. Ratcliffe 2004 ”; “Rio Salado / Wagner” [handwritten by Bruch], 1 ex. [ CBBA]; Villa Ojo de Agua , 9-XII-2004, A. Fortino leg., 1 ex. [ AFBA]; [ Reserva Provincial El] Copo , I-2008, A. Borquez leg., 3 exx. [ LABA]; Sachayoj , 19-I-1993, 12 exx. [ ODIC] ( Fig. 47 ); Chaco: Charata, 14-I-1992, 2 exx. [ ODIC] ( Fig. 48 ); Villa Río Bermejito , I-2006, 2 exx. [ EAPW]; La Rioja: Est. Amado, 24-I-1922, 1 ex. [ MACN]; Iliar , VI-1935, M.P. Gómez leg., 1 ex. [ ODIC]; Córdoba: “Cordo- / va.” [printed on green paper], 1 ex. [ HBBA], without labels, 1 ex. [ HBBA]; “Cor- / doba” [printed on green paper], Col. Berg, 1 ex. [ MLPA]; Villa Cabrera, 2 exx. [ MACN], one labeled “ Gymnetis sp. ”; Without locality: Col. E.D. Dallas, 1 ex. [ MACN], “ Gymnetis / hepatica Burm. ” [handwritten by Dallas], all labeled “ Gymnetis / hepatica sp. n. / Di Iorio det. 2012” [handwritten on yellow paper] / Paratypus [printed in capital letters]”, except the specimens in MLPA, labeled “Paratipo” [printed in capital letters on red paper], “ Gymnetis / hepatica sp. n. / det. Di Iorio 2012” [handwritten by Di Iorio on white paper inside a black frame, except “det.” printed].

Holotype. Length between anterior margin of pronotum and the elytral apices, 19.2 mm; maximal width between humeri, 12.3 mm. General color orange on dorsum; pronotum with diffused dark oval spots; elytra with small and irregular dark spots. Ventral side with indefinite, dull, light brown-orange color, as well as in the legs and dorsum of the first two tarsomeres of mesotarsi and metatarsi, except glossy dark brown color of the integument in the ventral side of the three pairs of femora and tibiae, the apex of all tibiae, the remaining tarsomeres of the tarsi, and the mesosternal process. Clypeus angulate between the anterior and lateral margins, anterior margin slightly reflexed, with sparse, round punctures on dorsum. Protibia with small lateral teeth, the first at middle of its length, very small, poorly indicated. Setae light yellow in color on the venter, as well as on legs. Pygidium strongly sculptured, with wide vermiform markings in the anterior half, sparser and smaller, C-shaped towards apex.

Paratypes: Length between anterior margin of pronotum and the elytral apices, 13.7 mm to 19.9 mm; maximal width between humeri, 9.2 mm to 13.2 mm. Females without sexual dimorphism (abdominal sternites with the same ventral color as in the males). Parameres as in Fig. 54 (paratype from Sachayoj, Santiago del Estero). Both paratypes from Charata , Chaco have more intense orange color on the dorsum ( Fig. 48 ).

Remarks: The most similar species, G. litigiosa , can be distinguished by its general grey color on the dorsum and nearly black on the venter; the clypeus is rounded between the anterior and lateral margins; the head has dense, round punctures; the protibia has the first tooth larger and well developed; the pygidium has fine and anastomizing vermiform markings; and the paremeres are distinct ( Fig. 53 ). The lighter specimens of G. chalcipes ( Fig. 45 ) may be distinguised by the cupreous shine on the venter and tarsi, the different ornamentation on the pygidium, and the shape of the male parameres ( Fig. 52 ).

Etymology: The name hepatica , given by Burmeister in allusion to the general russet coloration, is maintained here in memorian of his work on the group.

Note 1: The lectotype of Paragymnetis rubrocincta Schürhoff, 1937 , illustrated by Ratcliffe (2004: Fig. 32 ), shows that the identification by Ratcliffe of one specimen of G. hepatica at MLPA as “ Gymnetis / heiroglyphica / rubrocincta Schur. ” was erroneous.

Note 2: See Note 1 below Gymnetis litigiosa ( Gory & Percheron, 1833) .

Figures

FIGURE 2. Geographic distributions of Gymnetini from Argentina and adjacent countries: Gymnetis bonplandi (triangles); Gymnetis hepatica (circles); Hologymnetis sp. (square).

FIGURES 8–12. Male parameres: 8–10, Gymnetis bajula (8, parameres; 9–10, details of the sculpture on the dorsal side in the angle between the parameres); 11–12, Gymnetis bruchi (11, parameres; 12, armature of the internal sac).

FIGURES 44–51. General aspects of Gymnetini from Argentina: 44–45, Gymnetis chalcipes (44, common phenotype; 45, light phenotype); 46, Gymnetis litigiosa (La Rioja: Los Molinos); 47–48, Gymnetis hepatica (47, paratype, Santiago del Estero: Sachayoj; 48, paratype, Chaco: Charata); 49, Gymnetis undata (Misiones, Bruch Collection); 50, Gymnetis hebraica; 51, M. insculpta.

FIGURES 52–55. Male parameres: 52, Gymnetis chalcipes (Buenos Aires: Florencio Varela); 53, Gymnetis litigiosa (La Rioja: Los Molinos); 54, Gymnetis hepatica (paratype, Santiago del Estero: Sachayoj); 55, Gymnetis undata.

FIGURES 30–37. General aspects of Gymnetini from Argentina: 30–31, Gymnetis bouvieri (30, Catamarca; 31, Santiago del Estero); 32, Gymnetis carbo (Chaco); 33–35, Gymnetis cordobana (33, male; 34, female; 35, female, ventral view); 36–37, Gymnetis flavomarginata (36, male; 37, female).