Uca (Tubuca) arcuata (De Haan, 1835)

Shih, Hsi-Te, Lee, Jung-Hsiang, Ho, Ping-Ho, Liu, Hung-Chang, Wang, Chia-Hsiang, Suzuki, Hiroshi & Teng, Shao-Jyun, 2016, Species diversity of fiddler crabs, genus Uca Leach, 1814 (Crustacea: Ocypodidae), from Taiwan and adjacent islands, with notes on the Japanese species, Zootaxa 4083 (1), pp. 57-82 : 71-73

Uca (Tubuca) arcuata (De Haan, 1835)

( Fig. 6C–E )

Ocypode (Gelasimus) arcuata De Haan, 1835: 53 , pl. 7(2) [type locality: Japan].

Gelasimus arcuatus — Sakai 1934: 320; Sakai 1939: 619, text-fig. 94a, pl. 72(2); Sakai 1940: 42 [list]; Horikawa 1940: 28 [list]; Lin 1949: 26 [list].

Uca arcuata — Parisi 1918: 93; Balss 1922: 143; Maki & Tsuchiya 1923: 209, pls. 23(5), 24(7); Sakai 1935: 212, pl. 59(2); Takeda 1982: 207, 1 unnumbered fig.; Fukui et al. 1989: 227; Huang et al. 1989: 196, fig. 5, pl. 3A–C; Hosoya et al. 1993: 43, fig. 2; Okutani 1994b: 259, figs. 9–10; Yamaguchi 1994: 154, 183, fig. 1; Wang & Liu 1996a: 44, 5 unnumbered figs.; Hung 2000: 140 -1, figs. 436–437; Chen 2001: 201, 2 unnumbered figs.; Lee 2001: 99, 3 unnumbered figs.; Ng et al. 2001: 36 [list]; Yoshigou 2001: 4, fig. 2, pl. 1A; Wang & Liu 2003: 71, figs. 63–65; Shen & Jeng 2005: 157, 2 unnumbered figs.; Liu & Wang 2010: 28, 30, 10 unnumbered figs.; Japanese Association of Benthology 2012: 214, pl. 1(16), 1 unnumbered fig.; Shih 2012b: 14, figs. 11; Watanabe 2014: 101, 4 unnumbered figs.

Gelasimus formosensis — Wu et al. 1962: 198 (not Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 ).

Uca (Deltuca) arcuata — Crane 1975: 44, figs. 8C, 9C, 61J, 98, pl. 5A–F; Sakai 1976a: 601, text-fig. 328a, pl. 208(1); Miyake 1983: 161, pl. 54(3); Wang 1984: 42; Su & Lue 1984: 63, fig. 4; Dai et al. 1986: 420, fig. 232, pl. 58(5); Dai & Yang 1991: 460, fig. 232, pl. 58(5); Shih 1994: 69, figs. 44–47; Ho & Hung 1997: 50, 8 unnumbered figs.

Uca (Tubuca) arcuata —Ng et al. 2008: 241 [list]; Toyota & Seki 2014: 228, 4 unnumbered figs.

Material examined. Tainan: 4 ♂♂ (16.5–26.6 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14625), Yilan , coll. S. Huang, 31 May 1996 ; 1 juv. (9.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14620), Lanyang R. estuary, Yilan, coll. H.- T. Shih, 5 Nov. 2011 ; 2 juv. (4.0, 7.2 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14626, 14627), Jhuwei, New Taipei City, coll. H.- T. Shih, 4 Oct. 1995 ; 1 ♂ (34.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14617), Jhuwei, New Taipei City, coll. H.- T. Shih, 30 June 2006 ; 1 ♂ (31.8 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14621), Hsinchu, coll. H.- T. Shih, 6 Jan. 1996 ; 1 ♂ (35.0 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14613), Hsinchu, H.- T. Shih, 29 Jan. 1996 ; 1 ♂ (35.8 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14635), Haishangu, Hsinchu, H.- T. Shih, 5 Jan. 1996 ; 1 ♂ (29.0 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14614), Houlong, Miaoli, coll. H.- T. Shih, 8 Apr. 1995 ; 1 ♂ (23.2 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14616), Yuanli, Miaoli, coll. M.- W. Chen, 5 Mar. 2006 ; 1 ♂ (36.9 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14619), Wenliao, Taichung, coll. H.- T. Shih & H.- T. Hung, 20 Aug. 2002 ; 1 ♂ (19.0 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14629), Gaomei, Taichung, coll. H.- T. Shih, 30 July 2007 ; 1 ♂ (38.2 mm) (NCHUZOOL 13660), Shengang, Changhua, coll. H.- T. Hung, 5 Aug. 2002 ; 1 ♂ (23.5 mm), 1 ♀ (22.8 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14615), Shengang, Changhua, coll. H.- T. Shih, 19 Feb. 2004 ; 2 ♂♂ (23.5, 33.2 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14611), coll. H.-T. Shih, 13 Sep. 2005; 1 ♀ (26.8 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14624), Shengang, Changhua, coll. B.- Y. Huang, 7 Oct. 2005 ; 1 ♂ (18.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14634), Fusing, Hanbao, Changhua, coll. H.- T. Shih, 11 July 2001 ; 1 ♂ (29.6 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14632), Wanggong, Changhua, coll. H.- T. Shih, 6 Sep. 2005 ; 1 ♂ (36.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14618), Dongshih Bridge, Chiayi, coll. H.- T. Shih, 30 May 1996 ; 4 ♂♂ (24.0–30.0 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14612), Cigu, Tainan, coll. H.- T. Shih, 31 May 1996 ; 2 ♂♂ (21.5, 29.2 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14630), Caiguniang Temple, Tainan, coll. H.- T. Shih, 26 Mar. 1998 . Penghu Islands: 1 ♂ (30.6 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14631), Cingluo, H. - T. Shih, 14 Aug. 1996 ; 1 ♂ (22.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14628), coll. H.-T. Shih, 21 June 2006; 1 ♂ (40.2 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14663), Shuanhuyuan, coll. students from HTS’s laboratory, 30 Aug. 2014. Kinmen Islands: 1 ♂ (16.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 13992) , 1 ♂ (15.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14604), 1 ♂ (13.6 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14605), 1 ♂ (20.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14607), 2 ♂♂ (11.5, 18.4 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14622), 1 ♂ (11.6 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (14.7 mm) (NCHUZOOL 13998), 1 ♀ (14.6 mm) (NCHUZOOL 13997), Wujiang R. estuary, coll. J.-H. Lee, 30 May 2004; 1 ♂ (32.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 13990), 2 ♂♂ (11.8, 21.5 mm), 1 ♀ (21.3 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14608), 1 ♂ (13.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14749), Wujiang R. estuary, coll. Y.-H. Wang, 16 Aug. 2011; 1 ♂ (soft carapace) (NCHUZOOL 14747), Housha, Jinning, coll. Y.-H. Wang, 17 Aug. 2011. Main Japan islands : 2 ♂♂ (30.9, 33.6 mm) , 2 ♀♀ (24.9, 27.1 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14610), Kaeda R., Miyazaki, coll. H. Suzuki, 16 Oct. 2008 . Ryukyus : 1 ♂ (11.0 mm) (NCHUZOOL 14708), Okukubi R., Okinawa, coll. T. Naruse, 25 Feb. 2002 .

Ecology. The typical habitat is the mudflat, especially in mangrove forests. Male and female U. arcuata build chimneys, with a height of about 3 cm, from material scraped from the surface of substrate near the burrows (see Shih et al. 2005).

Distribution. Korea, China (including Hainan), Japan (including Ryukyus), Taiwan (including Penghu and Kinmen), Vietnam.

Remarks. Uca arcuata is one of the most abundant fiddler crabs in East Asia, especially near mangroves. This species is very abundant in Taiwan near introduced mangroves (e.g. Kandelia obovata and Avicennia marina ), which were planted artificially ( Wester 1988).

The juveniles of U. arcuata in Taiwan show a blue carapace and orange eyestalks (J.- T. Shih 1990; J.-T. Shih et al. 1991) ( Fig. 6E ). The blue juveniles of Uca from Ishigaki and Iriomote ( Yamaguchi & Takeda 1973: 13; Yoshigou 2001: pl. 1D) need further study, because there is no record of U. arcuata from the southern Ryukyus.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Species of the subgenus Uca (Tubuca) from Taiwan. A, B, Uca acuta, male from Kinmen; C – E, U. arcuata (De Haan, 1835), adult male and juvenile from Guandu, Taipei City (C, E), mating pair from Shengang, Changhua (D); F – H, U. coarctata (H. Milne Edwards, 1852), male from the Yanshuei River estuary, Tainan (F, G) and female from the Baoli River estuary, Pingtung (H).