Lepismachilis limensa, Kaplin & I-Vi, 2018

Kaplin, Vladimir & I-Vi, 2018, New species of bristletails of the genus Lepismachilis (Archaeognatha: Machilidae) from Serbia and Montenegro, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 58 (2), pp. 577-587 : 582-586

Lepismachilis limensa sp. nov.

( Figs 3 , 4 )

Type material. HOLOTYPE: J (slide-mounted, ZIN): SERBIA: Zlatibor District, near Prijepolje, 43°32′38′′N, 19°39′058′′E, Lim valley , 560 m a.s.l., mixed forest, under stones, August 21, 2017, V. Kaplin leg.

Description. Male. Body length: 12.7 mm, width: 3.0 mm. General body color whitish, practically without hypodermal pigment. Antennal base, frons, mandibles, maxillae with violet-brown hypodermal pigment of weak intensity. Color of scales on surface of body brown. Antennae longer than body. Distal chains of flagellum divided into 10–13 annuli ( Fig. 3A ). Clypeus with long thin bristles. Cercus approximately 0.42 body length, including about 22–23 divisions. Apex of cercus with two well developed lateral spines ( Fig. 3B ). All divisions of cerci, except for apical one or two, with 2–5 colorless supporting macrochaetae on inner side. Caudal filament without supporting macrochaetae on lateral side.

Compound eyes bicolored, brown with whitish-grey stripes and spots (in alcohol). Ratio of length to width of compound eye about 1.13; ratio of length of contact line to length of eyes 0.59. Paired ocelli sole-shaped, brownish- -black with narrow white border, 3.3 times as wide as long. Distance between inner margins of ocelli 0.22 and between their outer margins 1.0 total width of compound eyes.

Apical article of maxillary palp 0.78 times as long as preceding one. Their 5th article 1.3 times as long as 4th article. Dorsal surface of 7th, 6th and 5th articles of maxillary palp with 13–16, 12–14 and 2–3 hyaline spines, respectively. Ventral surface of 2–5th articles of maxillary palp as well as dorsal surface of 2nd article of labial palp with relatively numerous ciliary setae ( Figs 3C, D ). Single ciliary setae are also present on the ventral surface of the 6–7th articles of maxillary palps. Apical article of labial palp triangularly oval, slightly curved, 2.9–3.0 times as long as wide ( Fig. 3D ). Mandibles with four distal teeth ( Fig. 3E ).

Fore femur widened. Ratios of length to width of femur, tibia and tarsus as shown in Table 7. Ratio of length of 3rd tarsomere to total length of tarsus 0.30 ( Fig. 3G ). Fore femur of male with opened, well-developed sensory field, including numerous small cluster-like sensilla and short curved bristles, and contacting to the distal row of strong setae ( Fig. 3F ). The metric relations found in the sensory field and femur are as follows: LSF/WSF: 2.0–2.1, LSF/ LF: 0.30, WSF/WF: 0.32, d/LF: 0.60, d/LSF: 2.04, d/WSF: 4.07. Fore and middle trochanter and femur with long, thin bristles. Ventral surface of tibiae and tarsi with spines (fi- gure 3F, G). Number of spines as shown in Table 8. Middle and hind legs with coxal styli. Length of styli 0.8–0.9 mm. Ratio of length of styli to width of coxae about 1.6.

Urites I, VI and VII with 1 + 1 eversible vesicles, urites II–V with 2 + 2 eversible vesicles ( Fig. 4A ). Posterior angle of urosternites II, III and VII, IV–VI approximately 89°, 86° and 83°, respectively. Ratios of lengths of stylus (without apical spine), urosternites and urocoxites II–IX as shown in Table 9. Thoracic tergites, urotergites I–V, urosternites, urocoxites I–VIII without macrochaetae. Urotergites VI, VII, VIII, IX and X each with 2 + 2, 3 + 3, 3 + 3, 4 + 4 and 2 + 2 sublateral macrochaetae respectively. Urocoxites IX with 2–3 + 2–3 inner sublateral spines ( Fig. 4C ).

Male genitalia with parameres on urites VIII and IX ( Figs 4B, C ). Parameres VIII with 1 + 7, IX with 1 + 7–8 divisions. Ratio lengths of parameres VIII and parameres IX 1.3. Parameres IX not reaching apex of penis. Penis and parameres IX significantly not attaining level of apex of urocoxites IX.

Female. Unknown.

Differential diagnosis. Lepismachilis limensa sp. nov. belongs to the species group of the subgenus Lepismachilis s. str. with 2 + 2 eversible vesicles on abdominal urocoxites II–V and opened sensory field on fore femur of male. By the structure of the sensory field L. limensa sp. nov. is most close to L. hauseri from Corfu (BITCH 1974). The main differences between these two species are shown in Table 10. Among the described species of the subgenus Lepismachilis s. str., 2–5th articles of the maxillary palps of the male with numerous long thin setae occur only in one additional species, L. abchasica Kaplin, 2017 . However, the male of L. abchasica has labial palps without long thin setae and sensory field on fore femur closed ( KAPLIN 2017).

Etymology. The new species is named after the type locality: Lim, Serbia. Adjective.

Distribution. Southern Serbia.

Description. Body length: male 9.5–11.2 mm, female 10.0– 12.2 mm. Body width: male 2.5–2.7 mm, female 2.6–3.2 mm. General body color whitish, practically without hypodermal pigment. Antennal base, frons, occiput, gena, mandibles, galea of maxillae with violet-brown hypodermal pigment of weak intensity. Color of scales on surface of body brown. Antennae of male and female slightly longer than body. Distal chains of flagellum divided into 9–13 annuli in both male and female. Clypeus of male with long thin bristles. Cercus approximately 0.38–0.44 (male) or 0.34–0.40 (female) of body length, including about 18–20 divisions. Apex of cercus with two well-developed lateral spines ( Fig. 5B ). All divisions of cerci, except for apical one or two, with 2–6 colorless supporting macrochaetae on inner side.

Compound eyes bicolored, greyish-brown with a brown pattern in the form of a transverse letter Y toward the line of contact of eyes, similar to the color of the eyes in L. ysignata ( Fig. 5A ). Ratio of length to width of compound eye about 1.06–1.12; ratio of length of contact line to length of eye 0.55–0.60 in both sexes. Paired ocelli sole-shaped, brownish-black with narrow white border, 3.9–4.2 times as wide as long. Distance between inner margins of ocelli 0.24–0.28 and between their outer margins 1.0 of total width of compound eyes in both sexes.

Apical article of maxillary palp 0.78–0.80 (male) or 0.89–0.90 (female) times as long as preceding one. Their 5th article 1.2–1.3 (male) or 1.3–1.4 (female) times as long as 4th article ( Figs 5C , 6A ). Dorsal surface of 7th, 6th and 5th articles of maxillary palps with 16–18, 13–15 and 6–7 (male) or 12–13, 12 and 5–8 (female) hyaline spines, respectively. Ventral surface of 2–4th articles of male maxillary palp as well as dorsal surface of 2–3rd articles of male labial palp with relatively sparse and ciliary setae of medium length ( Figs 5C, D ). Such single setae are also present on the ventral surface of the 5–7th articles of male maxillary palps. Apical article of labial palp triangularly oval (male) or elongated oval (female), 2.3–2.4 (male) or 2.1–2.2 (female) times as long as wide ( Figs 5D , 6B ).

alexandrae sp. nov.

Mandibles with four distal teeth in both sexes ( Fig. 5E ).

Fore femur in both sexes, fore and middle tibia of female widened. Ratios of length to width of femur, tibia and tarsus as shown in Table 11. Ratio of length of 3rd tarsomere to total length of tarsus 0.28–0.29 (male) or 0.34–0.34 (female). Fore femur of male with closed sensory field, including numerous small cluster-like sensilla and short curved bristles and not reaching the distal row of strong setae ( Fig. 5F ). The metric relations found in the sensory field and femur are as follows: LSF/WSF: 2.2–2.3, LSF/LF: 0.38, WSF/WF: 0.24, d/LSF: 0.22, c/LSF: 0.40–0.42, d/ WSF: 1.2–1.3. The sensory field does not reach the ventral side of femur at 0.12–0.14, dorsal side 0.63–0.64 of the total width of femur. Sensory field is separated from the distal row of strong setae by six or seven rows of scales. Fore and middle trochanter and femur of male with relatively long, thin bristles. Ventral surface of femora, tibiae and tarsi with spines ( Figs 5F , 6C ). Number of spines as shown in Table 12. Middle and hind legs with coxal styli. Length of styli 0.8–0.9 mm (male) or 0.6–0.7 mm (female). Ratio of length of styli to width of coxae about 1.6–1.7 (male) or 1.7–1.8 (female).

Urites I, VI and VII with 1 + 1 eversible vesicles, urites II–V with 2 + 2 eversible vesicles ( Fig. 6D ). In male, posterior angle of urosternites II–VI and VII approximately 93–94° and 87°; in female posterior angle of urosternites II–VI and VII about 83–86° and 82°, respectively. Ratios of lengths of stylus (without apical spine), urosternites and urocoxites II–IX as shown in Table 13. Thoracic tergites, urotergites I–VI (male) or I–V (female), urosternites, urocoxites I–VIII without macrochaetae in both sexes. Distribution of sublateral macrochaetae on other urotergites gonapophyses and about ten basal divisions of posterior gonapophyses glabrous. Apical spines of gonapophyses as long as three apical divisions combined. Distal divisions of anterior and posterior gonapophyses with four or five setae (not counting sensory setae and apical spines).

Male genitalia with parameres on urites VIII and IX. Parameres VIII with 1 + 6, IX with 1 + 7 divisions ( Figs 5G, H ). Ratio lengths of parameres IX and VIII 1.5. Parameres IX slightly not reaching apex of penis. Genital appendages of male IX not attaining level of apex of urocoxites IX.

Differential diagnosis. Lepismachilis alexandrae sp. nov. belongs to the species group of the subgenus Lepismachilis s. str. with 2 + 2 eversible vesicles on urocoxites II–V, closed sensory field on fore femur of male. The new species is closest to L. abchasica Kaplin, 2017 but differs by the colour pattern of the compound eyes, ocelli without white border, sensory field on the fore femur of male, male parameres and the number of divisions of the gonapophyses. The main differences between these species are shown in Table 15.

Etymology. The new species is named after my daughter Alexandra Kaplina, a student of Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, for her help with collecting bristletails in Montenegro.

and urocoxites as shown in Table 14. Urotergite X with 3 + 3 (male) or 2 + 2 (female) sublateral macrochaetae ( Fig. 6E ). Urocoxites IX with 5 + 5 (male) or 5–6 + 5–6 (female) inner sublateral spines ( Figs 5G , 6F ).

Ovipositor slender, elongate (3.0– 3.4 mm), reaching apex of styli IX or slightly extend beyond them ( Fig. 6F ). Anterior and posterior gonapophyses with approximately 58–60 divisions. Four basal divisions of anterior

Figures

Fig. 3. Lepismachilis limensa sp. nov., male, holotype: A – distal chain of flagellum; B – apex of cercus; C – maxillary palpus; D – labial palpus and labium (part); E – apex of mandible; F – part of fore leg; G – tibia and tarsus of hind leg. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 4. Lepismachilis limensa sp. nov., male, holotype: A – urosternite and urocoxites (part) V; B – urosternite, urocoxites and parameres VIII; C – urocoxite IX, with parameres and penis. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 5. Lepismachilis alexandrae sp. nov., male, holotype: A – eyes and ocelli, front view; B – apex of cercus; C – maxillary palpus; D – labial palpus and labium (part); E – apex of mandible; F – part of fore leg; G – urocoxite IX, with parameres and penis; H – paramere VIII. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Fig.6. Lepismachilis alexandrae sp. nov., female, paratype:A – maxillary palpus; B – labial palpus and labium (part); C – tibia and tarsus of hind leg; D – urosternite and urocoxites (part) V; E – urotergite X (part); F – urocoxite IX, with anterior gonapophyses. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.