Pteronotus davyi davyi Gray, 1838

Pavan, Ana Carolina, Cadenillas, Richard, Centty, Oscar, Pacheco, Víctor & Velazco, Paúl M., 2021, On the taxonomic identity of Pteronotus davyi incae Smith, 1972 (Chiroptera: Mormoopidae), American Museum Novitates 2021 (3966), pp. 1-24 : 16

Pteronotus davyi davyi Gray, 1838

HOLOTYPE: BM 9.1 .4.74 is a specimen of unknown age and sex, preserved in alcohol with the skull removed and clean. The collector and date of capture are unknown ( Carter and Dolan, 1978). The type locality is the island of Trinidad, Trinidad and Tobago.

DISTRIBUTION: Known from Nicaragua and Costa Rica in Central America; northern Colombia and northern Venezuela in South America; and the islands of Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Grenada, Trinidad, and Curaçao in the Lesser Antilles (fig. 1). P. d. davyi has also been reported based on a single individual (unvouchered to our knowledge) and acoustic data from three islands of Coiba National Park (Coiba, Jicarón, and Ranchería Islands), on the Pacific coast of Republic of Panama ( Ibáñez et al., 1997; Estrada-Villegas et al., 2018), but it is absent in the continental area of Panama, which suggests a disjunct distribution for this subspecies.

NATURAL HISTORY: P. d. davyi occurs in tropical forests, woodlands, and swamps mostly at low elevations (below 400 m), showing an intimate association with dry forest and xeric shrubland habitats ( Adams, 1989; Pavan, 2019). It usually forages over water and near vegetation and prefers roosting in large and warm caves, which is frequently shared with other mormoopids, phyllostomids, and natalids ( Pavan, 2019). Several bat species have been reported in coexistence with populations of P. d. davyi along its geographic range, most notably Pteronotus fuscus , P. paraguanensis , Mormoops megalophylla , Artibeus jamaicensis , Sturnira angeli , Brachyphylla cavernarum , Monophyllus plethodon , Leptonycteris curasoae , Glossophaga longirostris , Phyllostomus hastatus , Anoura geoffroyi , Carollia perspicillata , Noctilio leporinus , Molossus molossus , Natalus stramineus , and N. tumidirostris ( Goodwin and Greenhall, 1961; Genoways et al., 2001; Molinari et al., 2012; Lenoble et al., 2014), Pteronotus d. davyi is sensitive to ambient temperatures lower than 15° C and usually maintain a high body temperature in warm environments ( Bonaccorso et al., 1992).