Blepharoneura apaapa Norrbom & Condon, 2010
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.2374.1.1 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038687BA-FFAA-FFE0-6DC8-F9B8FBBDF959 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Blepharoneura apaapa Norrbom & Condon |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Blepharoneura apaapa Norrbom & Condon , new species
Figs. 2 View FIGURES 2–5 , 8 View FIGURES 6–15 , 107 View FIGURES 106–108 , 112 View FIGURES 109–112 , 132–133 View FIGURES 126–135
Diagnosis. This species resembles B. amplihyalina , bipunctata , hyalinella , multipunctata and nigriapex in having a dark brown spot posterodorsally on the anepisternum, a single medial brown spot on the scutellum, and 3 hyaline marginal spots in cell m. It differs from B. bipunctata and multipunctata in having a single broad marginal hyaline mark basally in cell r1. It differs from the other three species in the size of the posteromedial hyaline area in cell dm, which is smaller than in B. nigriapex and amplihyalina , but larger than in B. hyalinella . It has a more elongate aculeus tip than in B. nigriapex and hyalinella , and the sublateral lobe is much closer to the submedial lobe than to the lateral lobe compared to B. amplihyalina , in which these lobes are more evenly spaced.
Description. Head: Dark brown area on ocellar tubercle extended less than half distance to postocellar seta. Medial occipital sclerite with pair of brown to dark brown submedial vittae on ventral half. Occipital suture narrowly dark brown.
Thorax: Postpronotal lobe mostly yellow, with small dark brown spot at junction with anepisternum and often with larger, diffuse brown spot on posterolateral margin. Scutum entirely microtrichose, with 2 pairs of dark brown vittae; submedial vitta interrupted slightly posterior to transverse suture and not connected to marks on posterior margin; sublateral vitta interrupted at transverse suture, posterior part complete to level of intra-alar seta or reduced to anterior spot or short vitta, separated from mark on posterior margin; posterior margin with 2 broad quadrate dark brown marks, usually narrowly separated but occasionally narrowly connected posteriorly. Notopleuron with lateral margin dark brown or mostly brown except for small pale spot surrounding posterior seta. Small dark brown spot anterior to postsutural supra-alar seta, large dark brown spot lateral to postsutural supra-alar seta, large dark brown spot anterior to postalar seta, and large dark brown spot lateral to dorsolateral corner of scutellum present. Scutellum with single small to moderate sized basomedial brown spot. Subscutellum and mediotergite with pair of moderately broad dark brown vittae, mediotergite also with lateral margin of at least ventral half narrowly brown. Pleuron ( Fig. 107 View FIGURES 106–108 ) mostly yellow. Anepisternum with dark brown spot dorsal to anterior seta. Anepimeron usually with small medial brown spot, but often faint (distinct in 3, faint in 5 of 11 specimens). Anatergite with large dorsomedial dark brown mark, sometimes extending to posterodorsal margin. Basalare brown. Dorsocentral seta aligned slightly anterior to postalar seta.
Legs: Mostly yellow. Anteroventral apical ridge of mid femur and/or anteroventral basal ridge of mid tibia dark brown. Anteroventral and posteroventral ridges of hind femur and/or anteroventral and posteroventral basal ridges of hind tibia dark brown ( Fig. 112 View FIGURES 109–112 ).
Wing ( Figs. 2 View FIGURES 2–5 , 8 View FIGURES 6–15 ): Length 8.1–9.1 mm, width 3.8–4.2 mm, ratio 2.10–2.23. Crossvein r-m at 0.54–0.57 distance from bm-cu to dm-cu. Cell c with 2 rectangular to inverted trapezoidal hyaline to subhyaline spots, both reaching costa and subcosta but fading to pale brown posteriorly or sometimes with narrow pale brown posterior margin; medial brown area paler than area of cell r1 posterior to pterostigma, sometimes paler medially, slightly broader than basal hyaline spot and usually as broad as to slightly broader than distal spot. Pterostigma with large hyaline to pale brown subapical spot [#3], usually reaching R1. Cells r1 and r2+3 basally (proximal to apex of R1) with 3–4 and 3–5 pale brown spots, respectively. Radial cells medially with 1 broad quadrate or inverted trapezoidal basal hyaline mark [#5 fused with additional spot?] in cell r1, sometimes fading to pale brown posteriorly; cell r2+3 with 1–2 hyaline to pale brown spots [#8, #9] posterior to r1 mark, basal spot often slightly proximal, distal spot often moderately broad but rarely extended more than halfway across cell, not reaching R4+5, cell medially with additional tiny pale brown spots near margins; cell r4+5 usually with small pale brown spot [#14?] anteriorly or medially and aligned with r1 mark, with small hyaline spot [#15] aligned with or slightly proximal to or rarely (1 wing of 1 specimen) slightly distal to dm-cu, and also with additional tiny pale brown spots, 3–5 on or near anterior margin and 3–6 on or near posterior margin. Distally cell r1 with 1 [#6] or usually 2 small marginal hyaline spots, usually also with 1–2 small pale brown posterior spots. Cell r2+3 with 2 small to elongate marginal hyaline marks [#10, 11], rarely connected (1 specimen), distal one occasionally not extending to vein R4+5, proximal mark sometimes (3 of 12 specimens) divided into marginal spot and spot near or touching R4+5. Cell r4+5 usually with small hyaline spot [#16] anteriorly, rarely absent, aligned between apical marks in cell r2+3 or with more distal mark; usually with small posterior hyaline spot aligned with medial spot(s) in cell m; and with 1–2 small marginal spots [#18, #18A], more anterior spot [#18A] occasionally absent (1 specimen) or fused to posterior spot to form C-shaped mark or single very broad mark (2 specimens). Cell m with small subbasal hyaline spot [#49] near midlength of dmcu and usually (8 of 11 specimens) with additional tiny spot near anterobasal corner; with 3 large marginal hyaline spots [proximal #27, distal #29], medial spot [fused #28, #26, and often #26A and/or more distal anterior spot] largest, extending over at least posterior 2/3 of cell and usually (10 of 12 specimens) to or almost to vein M (if fused with anterior spot(s)), and often (6 of 12 specimens) connected away from margin with proximal spot [#27]. Cell br with subbasal pale brown spot [#12]. Cell bm with circular subbasal and subapical hyaline or pale brown spots [#19, #20]. Cell bcu with small hyaline or pale brown spot in lobe, often extending anteriorly into cell cu1 or that cell with similar nearby spot. Posteromedial part of wing with very large hyaline area; cell br subapically with hyaline spot [#13] and small to minute, much more proximal pale brown spot; cell dm with 2–5 small subbasal spots, usually pale brown, and large ovoid medial posterior hyaline mark [fusion of #22, #23, #24] (0.25–0.33 times as long as cell along vein Cu1) much shorter than hyaline mark in cell cu1 and aligned with its distal half; cell cu1 with very large hyaline area covering medial half or more [broad fusion of at least #32, #33, #34, #35?, #36, #36A], very broad on posterior wing margin, with subbasal submarginal brown spot and often 1 submarginal diffuse pale brown spot, but lacking pale brown spot anteriorly; subapical marginal hyaline spot [#37] small to moderate sized, not reaching vein Cu1. Cell dm with subapical hyaline spot [#25] moderate sized, isolated (4 of 12 specimens) or often fused to posteromedial spot to form anterodistal extension, and with 1 anterior, usually 1 [#53] posterior (absent on 1 wing of 3 specimens), and usually 1 medial (8 of 12 specimens) smaller more distal spots, the anterior and posterior spots aligned or nearly aligned with subapical mark in cell cu1.
Abdomen: Mostly yellow, with 4 rows of evenly spaced dark brown spots; tergites 3–5 also with anterolateral spot touching or almost touching lateral margin; also with pair of spots or more commonly with them connected to form L-shaped band on posterior margin and posterolateral corner of all tergites, separated medially, on tergites 3–6 extending anteriorly on lateral margin, rarely connected to anterolateral spot, but lateral margin always partially yellow at least on tergites 3 and 4; submedial spots occasionally connected to sublateral spots on syntergite 1+2, and some or all spots on other tergites occasionally connected to posterior bands or spots.
Female terminalia: Oviscape entirely dark brown; length 1.72–1.82 mm. Aculeus ( Figs. 132–133 View FIGURES 126–135 ) 1.10 mm long, 2.00–2.12 times as long as wide, with acute scales dorsally and ventrally on membrane medially; tip angular basolaterally, elongate triangular (lobed part 0.58–0.72 times as long as wide), with small, truncate or notched medial lobe and 3 pairs of step-like lobes separated by relatively deep gaps; sublateral lobe slightly larger than submedial lobe; lateral gap 1.48–1.55 times as long as wide. Spermathecae subspherical, with slightly convoluted, slender sclerotized neck and small to large cylindrical basal apodeme.
Male terminalia: Medial surstylus with prensisetae separated by several times width of medial prensiseta, medial prensiseta on long lobe, lateral prensiseta subequal to medial prensiseta.
Distribution. Bolivia. The type locality is a remnant of Yungas forest. The specimens were collected at 2000–2050 m elevation.
Type data. Holotype ♀ ( ANCB USNMENT00055947), BOLIVIA: La Paz: Apa Apa Reserve, upper trail in primary forest, 16°21'15S 67°30'20W, 2000 m, log site, cloudy AM or late afternoon, on undersides of leaves of undetermined Cucurbitaceae (01–Bol-01) or supporting understory plant Solanaceae sp. (01–Bol- 03), 1–3 Apr 2001, A. L. Norrbom. Paratypes: Same data as holotype, 1♂ ( ANCB USNMENT00055926) 1♂ ( CDFA USNMENT00055945) 1♂ ( FSCA USNMENT00055946) 1♂ ( TAUI USNMENT00055932) 4♂ 3♀ ( USNM USNMENT00055934, USNMENT00055937, USNMENT00055941–44).
Etymology. The name of this species is a noun in apposition that refers to the type locality.
Biology. The digestive tract of a dissected female [USNMENT00055937] was green, indicating that adults of this species rasp leaves or some other nonfloral part of its host plant.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.