Photinopygus faustus ( Erichson, 1839 )

Chatzimanolis, Stylianos, 2023, A revision of the genus Photinopygus Chatzimanolis (Staphylinidae: Xanthopygina), Zootaxa 5292 (1), pp. 1-100 : 50-53

Photinopygus faustus ( Erichson, 1839)

( Figs. 39 , 116–123 )

Staphylinus faustus Erichson, 1839: 368 .

Xanthopygus faustus (Erichson) ; Kraatz 1857: 539.

Xanthopygus depressus Sharp, 1876: 129 . New synonymy.

Photinopygus faustus (Erichson) ; Chatzimanolis 2021: 91.

Photinopygus depressus (Sharp) ; Chatzimanolis 2021: 91.

Type material. Lectotype, here designated, female with labels: “5911” / “Type” / “Hist. -Coll. ( Coleoptera ) Nr. 5911. Staphylinus faustus Erichson Cayenne, Buquet, Zool. Mus. Berlin ” / “ Syntype Staphylinus faustus Erichson, 1839 labelled by MFNB 2019” / “ Lectotype Staphylinus faustus Erichson des. Chatzimanolis 2020”. In the collection of MFNB.

Type material for X. depressus : Lectotype, here designated, male, with labels: “[White cardboard] “♁” / “Type” / “Amazons, S. Paulo [-23.55°, -46.63]” / “ S. America Brazil ” / “Sharp Coll. 1905-313” / “ Xanthopygus depressus Type D.S.” / “Lectotype Xanthopygus depressus Sharp des. Chatzimanolis 2022 ”. In the collection of NHMUK . Paralectotypes, here designated, with labels: “Ega [Tefé, Amazonas; -3.35°, -64.71°]” / “ S. America Brazil ” / “Sharp Coll. 1905-313” / “ Xanthopygus depressus Type D.S.” / “ Syntype ” (3 ♀ NMHUK) ; “Amazons”/ “ S. America Brazil ” / “Sharp Coll. 1905-313” / “ Xanthopygus depressus Type D.S.” / “ Syntype ” (1 ♁, 2 ♀ NMHUK) ; “Pará”/ “ S. America Brazil ” / “Sharp Coll. 1905-313” / “ Xanthopygus depressus Type D.S.” / “ Syntype ” (1 ♁, 1 ♀ NMHUK) ; “ S. Paulo [-23.55°, -46.63]” / “S. America Brazil ” / “Sharp Coll. 1905-313” / “ Xanthopygus depressus Type D.S.” / “ Syntype ” (1 ♁ NMHUK) . All paratypes with label: “Paralectotype Xanthopygus depressus Sharp des. Chatzimanolis 2022 ”.

Additional Materials. BRAZIL: Amazonas: Estirão do Equador, Rio Javari [-4.54°, -71.62°], x.1979, M. Alvarenga leg. (1 ♁ CNC) ; Tefé [-3.35°, -64.71°] Sharp coll., FMNHINS3975356, FMNHINS3975363 (1 ♁, 1 ♀ FMNH; 1 ♁ NHMUK) ; Mato Grosso: Sinop [-11.87°, -55.50°], x.1975, M. Alvarenga leg. (1 ♀ CNC) ; Pará: Benevides [-1.37°, -48.25°], Fry coll. (1 ♁ NHMUK) ; São Paulo: São Paulo [-23.55°, -46.63], Sharp coll., FMNHINS3975357(1♁ FMNH) ; ECUADOR: Pastaza: Ashuara village on Rio Macuma,ca. 10km from Rio Morona [-2.75°, -77.50°], 300m, 11–13.vii.1971, fallen palm, B. Malkin leg., FMNHINS3975536 (1 ♀ FMNH) ; Cusuimi , 150 km SE Puyo [-2.42°, -77.00°], 320 m, 15–31.vii.1971, freshly fallen palm, B. Malkin leg., FMNHINS3975540 (1 ♁ FMNH) ; FRENCH GUIANA: Cayenne, 33.5 km S and 8.4 km NW of Hwy N2 on Hwy D5 [4.81°, -52.48°], 30 m, 26–28.v.1997, FIT, J. Ashe, R. Brooks leg., SM0099849, SM0099848, SM0099847, SM0099846 (1 ♁, 3 ♀ SEMC) ; Réserve Trésor [4.61°, -52.28°], cca 225 m, xii.2009, window trap, S. Brulé leg., NHMUK013688269, NHMUK013688270, NHMUK013688280, NHMUK013688281, NHMUK013688275, NHMUK013688272 (20 ♁, 11 ♀ NHMUK) ; same locality, UTCI000004388, UTCI000004389, UTCI000004390 (3 ♁ UTCI) ; 27.4 km SSE Roura [4.74°, -52.22°], 280 m, 10.vi.1997, FIT, J. Ashe, R. Brooks leg., SM0133963 (1 ♁ SEMC) ; 18.4 km SSE Roura [4.61°, -52.22°], 240 m, 25–29.v.1997, FIT, J. Ashe, R. Brooks leg., SM0098967 (1 ♀ SEMC) ; Nouragues Saut-Pararé [4.038°, -52.673°], ix.2009, window trap, S. Brulé leg., NHMUK013688271, NHMUK013688273, NHMUK013688274 (3 ♁, 1 ♀ NHMUK) ; unknown locality, FMNHINS3975362, FMNHINS3975360 (2 ♀ FMNH) ; Saúl, 7 km N and 1 km NW Les Eaux Claires, along Rue de Belizon trail [3.66°, -53.22], 280 m, 4–8.vi.1997, FIT, J. Ashe, R. Brooks leg., SM0098929 (1 ♀ SEMC) ; GUYANA: Cuyuni-Mazaruni: Essequibo R., Moraballi Creek [6.18°, -58.83°], 13.viii.1929, clearing, Oxford University Expedition leg. (1 ♁ NHMUK) ; Upper Demerara-Berbice: Kurupukari [4.67°, -58.67°], ix–xi.1992, malaise/FIT (2 ♁ NHMUK) ; PERU: Cuzco: Consuelo, Manu Rd. , km 165 [-13.10°, -71.60°], 12.x.1982, E Watrous, G. Mazurek leg., FMNHINS3975527, FMNHINS3975600 (2 ♀ FMNH) ; Junín: La Merced, 9.5 km NE La Merced-Villa Rica Rd. [-10.978°, -75.305°], 880 m, 15–21.x.1999, FIT, R. Brooks leg., SM0148691, SM0148693, SM0149948 (3 ♁ SEMC) ; Loreto: Maynas province , AllpahuayoMishana NP, 20 km S Iquitos [-3.964°, -73.273°], 100–200 m, 3.ix.2017, rainforest, fruit trap, A. Hansen, J. Kypke, A. Solodovnikov leg (1 ♀ IADIZA) ; Requena province , 3 km E of Jenaro Herrera [-4.887°, -73.648°], 100–200 m, 7–10.ix.2017, rainforest, FIT, A. Hansen, J. Kypke, A. Solodovnikov leg. (2 ♁ IADIZA) ; Madre de Dios: CICRA Field Station, Exp. Plot, North Transect [-12.553°, -70.110°], 295 m, 13–15.vii.2010, FIT, Chaboo team leg., SEMC0954784 (1 ♀ SEMC) ; Cocha Cashu Biol. Station , Manu NP [-11.896°, -71.407°], 350m, 17–19.x.2000, FIT, R. Brooks leg., SM0210558, SM0210585 (2 ♀ SEMC) ; Iberia [-11.41°, -69.490°], 152 m, 30.iv.1947, J.C. Pallister leg. (1 ♀ AMNH) ; Manu Province, PN Manu, Zona Res. Rio Manu, Cocha Juarez trail nr. Manu Lodge [- 12.04°, -71.71°], 18–24.ix.1991, FIT, A. Hartman leg., FMNHINS4030599, FMNHINS4030598 (1 ♁, 1 ♀ FMNH) ; Pakitza Biol. Station Castanal Trail, Reserved Zone, Manu NP [-11.945°, -71.283°], 317 m, 15–16.x.2000, FIT, R. Brooks leg., SM0210538 (1 ♀ SEMC) ; Pentiacolla Lodge 5.5km NW El Mirador trail , Alto Madre de Dios River [-12.653°, -71.258°], 500 m, 23–26.x.2000, FIT, R. Brooks leg., SM0210726, SM0210651, SM0210777, SM0210656, SM0210892, SM0210826, SM0210654 (2 ♁, 5 ♀ SEMC) ; 30 km W Puerto Maldonado [-12.59°, -69.52°], 6.xii.1982, J.J. Anderson leg., UTCI000004382 (1 ♁ UTCI) ; Tambopata Province, 15 km NE Puerto Maldonado, Reserva Cuzco Amazónica [-12.55°, -69.05°], 200 m, 12.vi.1989, swamp forest, J. Ashe, R. Leschen leg., SM0080089, SM0080090, SM0080052 (2 ♁, 1 ♀ SEMC) ; same locality, 6.vi.1983, G.C. Hunter leg. (2 ♁ CAS) Pasco: Villa Rica Rd. [-10.79°, -75.32°], 1475 m, 15–18.x.1999, FIT, R. Brooks, D. Brzoska leg., SM0149876 (1 ♁ SEMC) ; SURINAME: Brokopondo: Brownsberg Nature Reserve, Witi Creek Trail [4.948°, -55.181°], 80 m, 23–25.vi.1999, FIT, Z.H. Falin, A. Gangadin, H. Hiwat leg., SM0175246 (1 ♀ SEMC) ; Commewijne: Akintosoela, CELOS camp, 39 km SE Suriname River bridge road to Redi Doti [5.271°, -54.921°], 40 m, 29.vi.–3.vii.1999, FIT, Z.H. Falin leg., SM0175326, SM0175350, SM0175351, SM0175418 (2 ♁, 2 ♀ SEMC) ; Marowijne: Palumeu [3.349°, -55.438°], ca 160 m, 8–9.vii.1999, FIT, Z.H. Falin, D. Konoe leg., SM0175276, SM0181513 (2 ♀ SEMC) ; Para: Carolina Creek , 11 km SE Zanderij Airport [5.393°, -55.158°], 30 m, 18–20.vi.1999, FIT, Z.H. Falin, A. Gangadin leg., SM0175376 (1 ♁ SEMC) ; Saramacca: West Suriname Rd. , 178 km WSW Zanderij Airport [4.985°, -56.313°], 25 m, 12–14.vi.1999, FIT, Z.H. Falin, B. DeDijn leg., SM0175299, SM0175292 (2 ♁ SEMC) ; unknown district: unknown locality, Fruhstorfer coll. (3 ♀ MFNB) .

Diagnosis. Photinopygus faustus belongs in the narrow pronotum species group. Among species of that group that have pronotum with sparse punctation (i.e., with 2–5 loosely organized rows of punctures on each half beside median impunctate line), and antennomeres 4–5 longer than wide, P. chapareanus can be recognized by the following combination of characters: tip of paramere in dorsal view rounded ( Fig. 121 ), median lobe in dorsal (slightly oblique; Fig. 123 ) view converging to hook-like structure, tip of hook-like structure fully divided into two tightly jointed apical peaks, and median lobe in lateral view with two large lateral teeth.

Description. Forebody ( Fig. 116 ) length 5.1–6.4 mm. Color of head, pronotum and mesoscutellum dark brown to black; antennomeres 1–3, 11 dark orange; antennomeres 4–10 dark brown to black (some specimens with antennae dark orange); leg coloration varies, typically pro and mesolegs dark orange and hind legs dark brown to black but legs in some specimens uniformly dark brown to black; elytra metallic blue with green or purple overtones; abdomen dark brown to black except segments 7–8 (orange). Antenna ( Fig. 119 ) with antennomere 3 without tomentose pubescence; antennomere 4 with tomentose pubescence; antennomeres 4–5 longer than wide; antennomeres 6–7 subquadrate; antennomeres 8–10 transverse. Head transverse; HW/HL ratio = 1.44–1.58. Posterior margin of head slightly extended posteriad on each side of neck. Head with sparse medium-sized punctures, distance between punctures as wide as 1–2.5 punctures but punctures denser posteriorly. Left mandible with bicuspid tooth. Pronotum ( Fig. 118 ) subquadrate; PW/PL ratio = 1.05–1.15. Lateral margins of pronotum in dorsal view posteriad of midpoint strongly converging; pronotum with 3–4 sparse rows of punctures on each half beside median impunctate line; distance between punctures as wide as 1–2 punctures but areas of pronotum without punctures. EL/PL ratio = 1.29– 1.47. Elytra with dense punctation; distance between punctures as wide as 0.5–1 punctures. Metepisternum covered with punctures (impunctate area less than 1/3). Abdomen with tergites 3–4 setose; tergites 3–5 with curved carina (arch-like). In males, sternite 7 without porose structure, sternite 7 with shallow and broad emargination posteriorly; sternite 8 with small V-shaped emargination posteriorly ( Fig. 117 ). Aedeagus as in Figs. 120–123 ; in dorsal view paramere almost parallel-sided, slightly expanding just before apex; with rounded apex; paramere slightly shorter and as wide as median lobe; in lateral view paramere becoming narrower near tip; paramere with peg setae in lateral rows as in Fig. 122 . Median lobe in dorsal (slightly oblique; Fig. 123 ) view converging to hook-like structure, tip of hook-like structure fully divided into two tightly jointed apical peaks; in lateral view hook-like structure with two large lateral teeth.

Distribution. Known from Boreal, South and Paraná Brazilian biogeographic dominions. Distributed in the states of Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Pará and São Paulo in Brazil, the province of Pastaza in Ecuador, from French Guiana, from the Cuyuni-Mazaruni and Upper Demerara-Berbice regions in Guyana, from the departments of Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios and Pasco in Peru, and the districts of Brokopondo, Commewijne, Marowijne, Para and Saramacca in Suriname. Map is shown in Fig. 39 .

Habitat. Collected at low to mid elevations (25–1475 m) using flight intercept, malaise and fruit traps or from fallen palms.

Figures

FIGURE 39. Distribution map of Photinopygus assingi Chatzimanolis (stars), P. chapareanus (Scheerpeltz) (triangles), P. faustus (Erichson) (circles), and P. koptopeos Chatzimanolis (squares).

FIGURES 116–119. Photinopygus faustus (Erichson). 116. Habitus. 117. Sternites 7–8. 118. Pronotum. 119. Antenna. Not to scale.

FIGURES 120–123. Aedeagus of Photinopygus faustus (Erichson).120. Lateral view.121. Dorsalview. 122.Detail of paramere, ventral view. 123. Detail of the tip of median lobe, oblique view.