Telemiades Hübner, [1819]

Siewert, Ricardo Russo, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik & Casagrande, Mirna Martins, 2020, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Telemiades Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae), with descriptions of fourteen new species, Zootaxa 4721 (1), pp. 1-111 : 6-7

Telemiades Hübner, [1819]

Telemiades Hübner, [1819] . Verz. bek. Schmett., p. 106; species included: Telemiades avitus Cramer , T. epicalus (= avitus Cramer 354E) and T. salatis Cramer. —Herrich–Schäffer, 1869. Corr.–Blatt zool.–min. Ver. Regensburg 23: 61, 133, 140, 188.—Scudder, 1875. Proc. Amer. Ac. Arts & Sc. 10: 277.—Plötz, 1879. Stett. ent. Ztg. 40: 175.— Plötz, 1882. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 26: 72.— Watson, 1893. Proc. zool. Soc. London, p. 18, 27.— Godman & Salvin, 1893. Biol. Centr.–Amer., Lep.–Rhop. 2, p. 316.— Mabille, 1903, in Wytsman. Gen. Ins. 17, p. 18, 28.— Mabille & Boullet, 1912. Ann. Sc. nat., Zool., Paris, (9)16: 111.— Draudt, 1922, in Seitz. Gross–Schmett. Erde 5, p. 868.—Lindsey, 1925. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 18: 103.— Shepard, 1931. Lep. Cat. 47, p. 76.—Hayward, 1933. Rev. Soc. ent. arg. 5: 180.—Hayward, 1934. Rev. Soc. ent. arg. 6: 190.—Shepard, 1936. Lep. Cat. 74, p. 616.—Hemming, 1937. Hübner 2, p. 260.—Hayward, 1941. Rev. Mus. La Plata, n. s., Zool. 2: 250.— Williams & Hayward, 1944. Acta zool. Lill. 2: 107.— Bell, 1946. Bol. Ent. venezol. 5: 89.—Hayward, 1947. Acta zool. Lill. 4: 256.— Hayward, 1948. Gen. Sp. Anim. Arg. 1, p. 57, 133.— Evans, 1953. Cat. Amer. Hesp. 3, p. 7, 24.—Biezanko, 1963. Arq. Ent., sér. A, Pelotas, p. 9.—Hemming, 1967. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Ent., Suppl. 9: 432.—Lamas, 1969. Biota 7: 328.— Hayward, 1973. Op. Lill. 23: 36.—C. Hoffmann, 1976. Publ. Esp. Soc. Mex. Lep. 1: 121.—Beattie, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 58.—Okano, 1981. Tokurana 1: 28.—Bridges, 1983. Lep. Hesp. 2, p. 36.—Bridges, 1988. Cat. Fam.–Group & Gen.–Group Nam. 4, p. 128; 5, p. 7; syn.: Telcmiades.—Bridges, 1988. Cat. Hesp. 2, p. 59; App. 2, p. 7; syn.: Telcmiades.—Bridges, 1989. Add. Corr. Cat./Checkl. Butt. Amer. N. Amer. N. Mexico, p. 7.—Llorente–Bousquets; Luis–Martínez & Vargas–Fernández, 1990. Publ. esp. Mus. Zool., Mexico, 1: 18.—J. de la Maza E.; White & R. G. de la Maza E., 1991. Rev. Soc. Mex. Lep. 14: 17.—Lamas; Mielke & Robbins, 1993. Jour. Lep. Soc. 47: 81; etol.—R. G. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E., 1993. Marip. Chiapas, p. 202.—Warren, 2000, in Llorente; González & Papavero (eds). Biodiv., Tax., Biogeogr. Art. Mex. 2, p. 550.—Warren, 2004. The Nature & Insects 39 (2): 15.— Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 7, 56, in Lamas (ed.). Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea–Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A; syn.: Telcmiades, Telmiades.— Burns, 2005. Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington 107 (4): 770, 774; syn.: Pyrdalus .— Mielke, 2005. Cat.Amer. Hesperioidea 1, p. 8; 3, p. 740; syn.: Telcmiades, Telmiades.—DeVries; Austin & Martin, 2008. Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 94: 727.—Warren; Ogawa & A. Brower, 2008. Cladistics 24: 25.—Warren; Ogawa & A. Brower, 2009. Syst. Ent. 34: 482, 484, 513; syn.: Pyrdalus .— Greeney, 2009. Jour. Res. Lep. 41: 55; biol.—Sambhu & Nankishore, 2018. Zootaxa 4371: 14.

Telcmiades [sic]; Mabille, 1891. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 35, C. R., p. 61; Telcmiades hybridus .—Hemming, 1967. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Ent., Suppl. 9: 432.—Bridges, 1988. Cat. Fam.–Group & Gen.–Group Nam. 4, p. 128.

Pyrdalus Mabille, 1903 , in Wytsman. Gen. Ins. 17, p. 44, 60; type species: P. corbulo Cramer, 1782 .— Draudt, 1922, in Seitz. Gross–Schmett. Erde 5, p. 893.—Lindsey, 1925. Ann. Ent. Soc. 18: 99.—Hayward, 1933. Rev. Soc. ent. arg. 5: 220.— Shepard, 1934. Lep. Cat. 64, p. 148.— Evans, 1953. Cat. Amer. Hesp. 3, p. 7, 31.—Hemming, 1967. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Ent., Suppl. 9: 389.—Lamas, 1969. Biota 7: 330.—Beattie, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 53.—Bridges, 1983. Lep. Hesp. 2, p. 29.—Bridges, 1988. Cat. Hesp. 2, p. 48; App. 2, p. 7.—Bridges, 1988. Cat. Fam.–Group & Gen.–Group Nam. 4, p. 113; 5, p. 7.— Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 6, 53, in Lamas (ed.). Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea–Papil-ionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A.— Mielke, 2005. Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 1, p. 7; 3, p. 664.

Telmiades [sic]; Hayward, 1934. Rev. Soc. ent. arg. 6: 207; Telmiades amphion .

Telemiades sp. Salazar, 1996. S hilap Revta lepid. 24: 191.—Andrade, 2002, in Costa et al. Monogr. Terc. Milenio, Saragoza, 2: 159.— Beccaloni et al., 2008. Monografías Tercer Milenio 8: 102; hostplant.—Bonfantti; Di Mare & Giovenardi, 2009. Check List, Campinas, 5 (4): 826.—Mielke; Carneiro & Casagrande, 2010. Biota Neotrop. 10 (4): 296.— Janzen et al., 2011. PLoS ONE 6 (8): 6, 13.—Mielke; Carneiro & Casagrande, 201 2. Acta Amaz. 42 (2): 255.

Type species: Papilio avitus Stoll, 1781 (designated by Scudder, 1875).

Taxonomic history. Telemiades was proposed by Hübner ([1819]), including Papilio avitus Stoll, 1781 , Papilio salatis Stoll, 1782 [= Salatis salatis ] and Telemiades epicalus (= avitus Cramer 345E).

Diagnosis. Adults are characterized by the following characters: labial palpi porrect (sensu Evans, 1953), eyelashes dark brown and short, long apiculus (≥ 18 segments), males with costal fold in FW, three apical hyaline spots in R 3 –R 4, R 4 –R 5 and R 5 –M 1 in FW, tegumen with one or two pairs of lateral apophysis, uncus shorter than tegumen (except in “ epicalus group”), and distal margin with two lateral projections, gnathos divided, sclerotized arms connected by a thin membrane; apical third of arms semi–rectangular and corrugated; posterior apophysis twice the size of papilla analis, ductus bursae with internal sclerotized parts.