Hydromanicus inferior Chantaramongkol & Malicky, 1995

Prommi, Taeng On & Permkam, Surakrai, 2015, Larvae of Hydromanicus (Insecta: Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) from Thailand, Zootaxa 3914 (4), pp. 467-482 : 472-479

Hydromanicus inferior Chantaramongkol & Malicky, 1995

( Figs. 39–59 )

Larva: Total length 11.5– 13 mm (n=10). Overall body shape as in Hydropsychidae .

Head: Head capsule length, 1.33–1.36 mm; width, 1.16–1.19 mm. Dorsum of head dark-brown except around eyes and posterior one-fifth yellowish ( Fig. 40 ). Dorsal and lateral portions of head covered with long, black, truncate peg setae, with tapered setae in anterior three-fourths ( Fig. 54 ). Frontoclypeus lacking same setae except for anterolateral corners. Frontoclypeus with anterior margin slightly concave, posterior half with darker muscle scars; lateral margins wider at mid-length ( Fig. 40 ). Head ventrally brownish, with stridulatory lines in anterior half; posterolaterally paler with group of muscle scars ( Fig. 41 ). Labrum golden-brown; elliptical in dorsal view; bearing well-developed, lateral, golden-brown brushes and dorsal short setae; with pair of long anteromesal setae; posteromedially slightly convex ( Fig. 42 ). Mandibles dark- brown, each with 2 apical and 3 mesal teeth, left mandible with well-developed setal brush; lateral surfaces of both mandibles with scattered setae ( Fig. 43 ). Submentum brown; lacking anteromesal cleft; anterior margin concave; anterior margin and lateral areas with short and long setae ( Fig. 44 ). Anterior ventral apotome broadly triangular; posterior ventral apotome small, triangular ( Figs. 41, 44 ).

Thorax: Pronotum dark-brown, muscle scars paler ( Fig. 46 ); densely covered with long, truncate peg setae and tapered setae; anterior margin bearing same setae ( Fig. 55 ). Meso- and metanota brown, muscle scars concolorous; each with crescentic black mark posteromesally, lateral margins black; mesonotum with small black band on each side near posteromesal crescentic black mark; each covered with long, dense scale hairs and long, inclined truncate peg setae; anterior margins bearing same setae ( Figs. 47–48 , 56–57 ). Prosternite brown; narrow transverse; broad dark band along posterior margin; with pair of large, paler sclerites posterolaterally ( Fig. 45 ). Foretrochantin deeply forked, with dorsal branch slightly longer than ventral branch; ventral branch with spike-like setae ( Fig. 49 ). Forelegs stouter than other legs; posteromesal surfaces of coxae and trochanters densely covered with feather-like setae and stout setae; each femur with long and spike-like setae in anterior surface and ventral margin; tibia and tarsus each with rows of short, stout setae ( Fig. 49 ). Mid- and hind legs similar in size, shape, and structure; each with dense spike-like setae and stout setae on mesal surface of coxa through tarsi; with row of feather-like setae on ventral margin ( Figs. 50–51 ). Mesosternum with one pair of gills and metasternum with 2 pairs of gills; gills consisting of central stem bearing many lateral filaments.

Abdomen: Abdominal segments densely covered with dark, club-like hairs ( Fig. 58 ). First sternum with 2 pairs of gills with adjacent bases. Segments II–VI each with 2 pairs of lateral and one pair of median gills ( Fig. 59 ). Sternum VIII with pair of large, subtriangular sclerites bearing spike-like setae. Sternum IX with pair of large, triangular sclerites bearing spike-like setae emanating from prominent sockets ( Fig. 52 ). Tergum IX with pair of small lateral and dorsolateral sclerites. Anal prolegs each with bent claw and cluster of long bristles, spike-like setae present on dorsal surface ( Fig. 53 ).

Material examined: THAILAND. CHUMPHON Prov.: Khuan Mae Yay Mhom Wildlife Sanctuary, stream from Hawe Lome Waterfall, 122 m. 09°43' N, 098°40' E, 08-viii-2004, Prommi, 2 larvae, 2 male adults; same locality, 09-x-2004, Prommi, 8 larvae, 1 male pupa; same locality, 22-v-2005, Prommi, 1 male pupa. RANONG Prov.: Tungraya-nasak Wildlife Sanctuary, Bokkrai Waterfall, 10°22' N, 098°51' E, 15-viii-2005, Prommi, 1 female pupa; Ngao National Park, Ngao Waterfall; 50 m. 09°51' N, 098°37' E, 08-viii-2004, Prommi, 34 larvae, 1 male pupa, 2 male adults; same locality, 09-x-2004, Prommi, 38 larvae, 4 male pupae. PHANG NGA Prov.: Sri Phang Nga National Park, stream from Ton Thon Toey Waterfall, 07-viii-2004, Prommi, 2 larvae, 1 male pupa; same locality, 03-iv-2005, Prommi, 1 larva. KRABI Prov.: Khaopanombenja National Park, Huai To Waterfall, 05-viii- 2004, Prommi, 8 larvae, 1 male adult; same locality, 06-x-2004, Prommi, 8 larvae; same locality, 05-iv-2005, Prommi, 1 larva.

Figures

FIGURES 39 – 45. Larva of Hydromanicus inferior: 39, larva, right lateral; 40, head, dorsal; 41, head, ventral; 42, labrum, dorsal; 43, mandibles, ventral; 44, submentum and anterior ventral apotome, ventral; 45, prosternum, ventral.

FIGURES 46 – 53. Larva of Hydromanicus inferior: 46, pronotum, dorsal; 47, mesonotum, dorsal; 48, metanotum, dorsal; 49, right pleuron, foretrochantin (arrow), and foreleg, right lateral (posterior); 50, left midleg, mesal; 51, left hind leg, mesal; 52, sterna VIII and IX, ventral; 53, left anal claw, left lateral.

FIGURES 54 – 59. SEM images of Hydromanicus inferior: 54, setae on dorsolateral region of head; 55, setae on pronotum; 56, setae on mesonotum; 57, setae on metanotum; 58, setae on abdominal segments; 59, ventral sublateral gills of abdominal segments II and III.