Trachysalambria dentata, Chan, Tin-Yam, Cleva, Régis & Chu, Ka Hou, 2016

Chan, Tin-Yam, Cleva, Régis & Chu, Ka Hou, 2016, On the genus Trachysalambria Burkenroad, 1934 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeidae), with descriptions of three new species, Zootaxa 4150 (3), pp. 201-254 : 214-217

Trachysalambria dentata sp. nov.

( Figs. 4 , 19 C)

Trachypenaeus longipes .— Motoh & Buri, 1984: 84, figs. 57–58; Liu & Zhong, 1988: 187, fig. 116, pl. 4-1; Hayashi, 1986: 77, fig. 37; 1992: 144, figs. 75b, 76c, 77c, 78c; Chan, 1998: 950, unnumbered figs. [not Paul’son, 1875]

Trachypenaeus curvirostris .— Yu & Chan, 1986: 167 (in part), unnumbered lower photograph in p. 168. [not Stimpson, 1860] Trachysalambria longipes .— Pèrez Farfante & Kensley, 1997: 149 (in part); Sakaji & Hayashi, 2003: 159, fig. 6; De Grave & Fransen, 2011: 228. (in part). [not Paul’son, 1875]

Type material. Holotype: Taiwan, Nanliao fishing port, Hsinchu County, 0 4.07.1984, female cl 26.1 mm ( NTOU M01934 ).

Paratypes: Taiwan, Dasi fishing port, Yilan County: 0 7.07.1985, 3 females cl 23.3–25.9 mm ( NTOU M01976 ) ; 25.09.2000, 1 female cl 18.0 mm (MNHN IU-2014-6948); 0 8.01.2008, 2 females cl 16.5 and 17.5 mm (NTOU M01973 ); 10.01.2008, 1 female cl 15.5 mm (NTOU M01974 ). Nanfang-ao fishing port, Yilan County, 0 5.1985, 1 male cl 15.8 mm ( MNHN IU- 2014-6949 ). Donggang fishing port , Pingtung County: 0 7.06.1984, 1 female cl 12.8 mm ( MNHN IU- 2014-6950 ) ; 29.10.1988, 1 male cl 15.3 mm (NTOU M01975 ). No specific locality, 1 female cl 18.5 mm ( NTOU M01977 ) .

Other material examined. Japan. Tosa Bay, Mimase Fish Market, 24.10.1977, 3 males cl 16.8–18.5 mm ( MNHN IU- 2014-6956 , ex NFU 530-2-721) , 1 female cl 28.0 mm (MNHN IU-2014-6957, ex NFU 530-2-848), 2 females cl 27.5 and 28.5 mm (MNHN IU-2014-6958, ex NFU 530-2-848); 0 9.11.1978, 1 female cl 25.0 mm (MNHN IU-2014-6955, ex NFU 530-2-1155).

Philippines. MUSORSTOM I, stn CP 56, 13°53.1’N, 120°08.9’E, 134– 129 m, 26.03.1976, 1 female cl 22.0 mm ( MNHN IU- 2014-6954 ). PANGLAO 2004: stn P 4, 9°31.1’N, 123°41.5’E, ~ 100 m, 14.06.2004, 1 male cl 18.8 mm ( NTOU M01984 ) ; stn T 9, 9°33.5’N, 123°49.5’E, 97–120 m, 14.06.2004, 1 female cl about 7.0 mm (carapace damaged) (NTOU M01985 ); stn T 26, 9°43.3’N, 123°48.8’E, 97–120 m, 24.06.2004, 1 male cl 12.2 mm (NTOU M01986 ). PANGLAO 2005: stn CP 2377, 8°40.6’N, 123°20.3’E, 82–85 m, 28.05.2005, 1 male cl 10.0 mm, 1 female cl 17.5 mm (NTOU M01987 ), 1 male cl 16.2 mm (NTOU M01978 ); stn CP 2378, 9°38.8’N, 123°20.1’E, 65– 63 m, 28.05.2005, 1 male cl 12.9 mm, 1 female cl 14.6 mm (NTOU M01988 ); stn CP 2380, 8°41.3’N, 123°17.8’E, 163–271 m, 28.05.2005, 1 male cl 14.0 mm (NTOU M01979 ). AURORA: stn CP 2653, 16°6.5’N, 121°59.7’E, 83 m, 20.05.2007, 4 males cl 11.6–15.7 mm, 9 females cl 11.4–23.1 mm ( NTOU M01980 ) ; stn CP 2654, 16°4.7’N, 121°57.5’E, 98–107 m, 20.05.2007, 5 females cl 17.8–23.4 mm (NTOU M01981 ); stn CP 2747, 15°55.0’N, 121°42.0’E, 120–124 m, 0 2.06.2007, 1 female cl 19.1 mm (NTOU M01983 ); stn CP 2760, 15°55.0’N, 121°40.5’E, 100 m, 0 4.06.2007, 1 male cl 10.5 mm (NTOU M01982 ).

Vietnam. Xuan , 0 8.05.2000, 1 female cl 19.5 mm ( MNHN IU- 2014-6953 ).

Gulf of Tonkin. “ De Lanessan ”, no specific data, 1 female cl 14.5 mm ( MNHN IU- 2014-6951 ).

Indonesia. CORINDON II, stn CH 205, 1°07.8’S, 117°18.7’E, 49 m, 30.10.1980, 1 male cl 10.0 mm, 1 female cl 17.5 mm ( MNHN IU- 2014-6592 ).

Australia. Western Australia , “ Southern Surveyor ”, Karratha L 21 transect, 19°23.08’S, 117°06.41’E, 114– 113 m, 13.06.2007, 1 male cl 10.4 mm (NMV J59514 ), 1 female cl 7.8 mm (NMV J62808 ).

Description. Entire body densely pubescent. Rostrum with 8–10 (usually 9, excluding epigastric tooth) teeth along entire dorsal border; straight to slightly curved upwards in females, with ventral border straight to convex, tip straight or slightly recurved downwards; in males, rostrum straight to slightly curving downwards, ventral border straight to slightly concave, tip sometimes slightly recurved downwards; tips of rostral teeth more or less aligned in a straight line in both sexes; reaching from middle to tip of second segment of antennular peduncle (females generally longer); postrostral carina distinct and extending to near posterior carapace. Pereiopods I to III with welldeveloped epipods. Pereiopod I without ischial spine. Pereiopod IV with coxa not particularly expanded medially in females. Pereiopod V more or less extending to tip of scaphocerite. Abdomen with dorsal carinae distinct and elevated on somites II to VI; somite II with 2 short but distinct ridges; dorsal carina distinct along entire somite III though with anterior 1/3 considerably lower and sometimes interrupted from carina on posterior part of somite; ridges on somites IV and V generally terminating posteriorly in distinct spines. Telson with strong but blunt dorsolateral carinae, bearing 4 pairs of movable lateral spines. Male petasma with lateral margins of stem distinctly converging distally; distolateral lobes with ventral margins more or less straight, tips of dorsal and ventral flaps coinciding, forming sharp angle. Female thelycum with anterior plate semi-triangular, generally sunken or flattened; anterior margin of posterior plate distinctly concave, with median notch.

Coloration. Body pinkish brown dorsally and paler to somewhat whitish laterally. Rostrum reddish with broad white tip. Base of rostrum, epigastric tooth and mid-dorsal carapace with white patches. Eyes dark brown. Antennular flagella pinkish to somewhat whitish. Antennal flagella reddish brown except basal parts somewhat pinkish. Pereiopods generally whitish with some reddish brown patches. Dorsal carinae of abdomen from posterior half of somites III to IV whitish. Pleopods reddish to pinkish with lateral surfaces bearing some white patches. Tail fan with uropods reddish and bearing board white patches at base, lateral tip of exopod and inner margin of endopod whitish.

Distribution. Know with certainty from Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Vietnam, South China Sea, Indonesia and northwestern Australia; at depths of 49–271 m but mostly less than 140 m.

Remarks. The present form is unique in the genus by having two short dorsal ridges on abdominal somite II and the dorsal carinae of the abdominal somites IV and V terminating in distinct spines ( Fig. 4 B). All other species of Trachysalambria have abdominal somite II bearing 0–1 (mostly 1) short dorsal ridge and the dorsal carinae of the abdominal somites IV and V not terminating in spines (most species) or at most terminating in rather small spines (only in two species, T. malaiana and T. parvispina sp. nov.). This form was often reported under the name “ T. longipes ” in recent literature (e.g., Starobogatov 1972; Motoh & Buri 1984; Hayashi 1986; Hayashi & Toriyama 1980; Toriyama 1980; Liu & Zhong 1988; Hayashi 1992; Chaitiamvong & Supongpan 1992; Pèrez Farfante & Kensley 1997; Chan 1998; Sakaji & Hayashii 2003; De Grave & Fransen 2011). The original description of T. longipes given by Paul’son (1875) is very brief and without any mention or illustration on the above distinguishing characters of the present form. It appears that previous authors applied Paul’son’s (1875) name to the present species mainly by referring to its longer pereiopod V. It is now known, however, that many species of this genus have a long pereiopod V that can reach the tip of scaphocerite and fit the brief original description of T. longipes . Most importantly, the abundant material examined in this work from the Red Sea (the type locality of T. longipes ) and western Indian Ocean does not contain the present form with two dorsal ridges on abdominal somite II. The type of T. longipes cannot be located now. To fix the identity of T. longipes , a specimen corresponding to what is generally known as T. villaluzi is selected as the neotype of T. longipes (see “Remarks” under T. longipes ). In doing so, the present form becomes unnamed and a new name is herein given to the present species.

Trachysalambria dentata sp. nov. appears to be restricted to the western part of the Pacific Ocean including the South China Sea down to northwestern Australia. Since this species is rather similar to T. parvispina sp. nov., which also has the dorsal carinae of abominal somites IV and V terminating in posterior spines, the records of this species under the name “ T. longipes ” from the other parts of the world will need to be confirmed. For example, the photograph provided by Chaitiamvong & Supongpan (1992: pl. 51) of a “ T. longipes ” specimen from the Andaman Sea side of Thailand is too unclear to determine if it indeed belongs to the present species. Similarly, the exact identity of the “ T. longipes ” specimens reported by Starobogatov (1972) from the Gulf of Tonkin is unclear (though the occurrence of the present species in the Gulf of Tonkin is verified by a female deposited at the MNHN). Anyhow, T. dentata sp. nov. can be readily distinguished from T. parvispina sp. nov. in bearing two instead of one dorsal ridges on the abdominal somite II ( Figs. 4 B, 5E, F). Occasionally the posterior ridge on abdominal somite II in T. dentata sp. nov. may be nearly level, although still distinct. In T. parvispina sp. nov., there is no trace of a posterior ridge on abdominal somite II. Moreover, the posterior spines on the dorsal carinae of abdominal somites IV and V are generally larger in T. dentata sp. nov. ( Fig. 4 B) than in T. parvispina sp. nov. ( Fig. 5 E, F). The anterior 1/3 of abdominal somite III always bears a distinct dorsal carina (though sometimes nearly level) in T. dentata sp. nov. ( Fig. 4 B), but this part completely lacks, or has at most only a rudimentary dorsal carina in T. parvispina sp. nov. ( Fig. 5 E, F). According to these distinguishing characters, it can be determined from the descriptions and/or illustrations of some reports (i.e., those listed under “Synonymy” under this species) that their material belongs to the present species even though their specimens have not been re-examined.

Etymology. The name “ dentata ” refers to this unusual species in bearing distinct posterior spines at the dorsal carinae of abdominal somites IV and V.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Trachysalambria dentata sp. nov.: A, B, G, H, holotype female cl 26.1 mm, Nanliao fishing port, Hsinchu County, Taiwan (NTOU M 01934); C – F, male cl 18.3 mm, Tosa Bay, Japan (MNHN IU- 2014 - 6956); I, paratype male cl 15.8 mm, Nanfang-ao fishing port, Yilan County, Taiwan (MNHN IU- 2014 - 6949). A, cephalothorax, lateral view; B, dorsal part of abdominal somites II to VI, lateral view; C, rostrum, lateral view; D – F, petasma, ventral, dorsal and upper views, respectively; G, thelycum, ventral view; H, I, epipod of left pereiopod III.

FIGURE 5. Trachysalambria parvispina sp. nov.:, A, E, G, female cl 23.0 mm, Seychelles, REVES 2, stn CH 15 (MNHN IU- 2014 - 6934); B, C, F, H, holotype female cl 14.6 mm, Indonesia, ANABAMS, stn EA-TT- 04 (MZB); D, male cl 14.0 mm, the Philippines, MUSORSTOM III, stn CP 121 (MNHN IU- 2014 - 7138). A, B, cephalothorax, lateral view; C, carapace, dorsal view; D, rostrum, lateral view; E, dorsal part of abdominal somites II to V, lateral view; F, dorsal part of abdominal somites II to VI, lateral view; G, telson, dorsal view; H, tail fan, dorsal view.

FIGURE 19. A, B,? Trachysalambria brevisuturae (Burkenroad, 1934 a), Panama, Pacific coast, Urraca cruise, specimens details unknown, dorsal and lateral views, respectively (photographed by A. Anker); C, T. dentata sp. nov., the Philippines, AURORA, stn CP 2747, female cl 19.1 mm (NTOU M 01983); D, T. parvispina sp. nov., Vanuatu, SANTO, stn AT 42, female cl 21.2 mm (MNHN IU- 2014 - 6941); E, T. palaestinensis (Steinitz, 1932), Israel, Mediterranean coast, specimens details unknown (photographed by B. S. Galil); F, T. nansei Sakaji & Hayashi, 2003, Dasi fishing port, Yilan County, Taiwan, female cl 20.4 mm (NTOU M 01995).