Limenitis helmanni

Solovyev, Vladimir I., Dubatolov, Vladimir V., Vavilova, Valeriya Y. & Kosterin, Oleg E., 2022, Estimating range disjunction time of the Palearctic Admirals (Limenitis L.) with COI and histone H 1 genes, Organisms Diversity & Evolution (New York, N. Y.) 22 (4), pp. 975-1002 : 986

Limenitis helmanni

In L. helmanni , position 483 was followed by a heterogeneous region with a polyalanine and polyserine tract (GCC) k (GCA) l (GCC) m (TCC) n, where k = 0–1, l = 3–4, m = 3–5 and n = 2–4. Nucleotide substitutions increase diversity of the paralogous H1 gene copies. Taking them into account, 17 sequence variants were revealed ( Tables 6 and 7). The length polymorphism (variants A–J) was observed both between and within specimens. The studied histone H1 gene fragment was cloned for specimens Lh55 and Lh117.

Position 99 was heterogeneous (A or G) in specimen Lh23, position 474 (G or T) in specimen Lh128, and position 388 (A or G) in specimens Lh23, Lh57 and Lh127 ( Table 7). The substitutions were revealed in specimens where the H1 gene was only sequenced from genomic DNA, so they were not put into correspondence to certain length variants. The variants with index ‘0’ (A0, C0, E0, F0, G0, H0, J0) had A in position 388; the variants with index ‘1’ (A1, B1, D1) had G there. As compared to A0, the variant A2 differed by substitutions A99G (synonymous) and A388G (A130T); the variant A3 by two synonymous substitutions A99G and A388G and a non-synonymous substitution A669T (K223N); the variant A4 by a non-synonymous substitution A167G (K56R). As compared to the variant B0, the variant B2 had synonymous substitutions A99G and A388G; the variant B3–a non-synonymous substitution G76A (A26T). As compared to the variant C0, the variant C2 had a synonymous substitution G429A and the variant C3–a non-synonymous substitution G730A (A244T).