Limenitis populi

Solovyev, Vladimir I., Dubatolov, Vladimir V., Vavilova, Valeriya Y. & Kosterin, Oleg E., 2022, Estimating range disjunction time of the Palearctic Admirals (Limenitis L.) with COI and histone H 1 genes, Organisms Diversity & Evolution (New York, N. Y.) 22 (4), pp. 975-1002 : 986

Limenitis populi

L. populi exhibited the greatest diversity of histone H1 gene variants among the species studied. This gene was cloned in specimens Lp49 and Lp51. As different from other species, indels were found (by sequencing from genomic DNA samples) also in the region coding for the N-terminal domain. The position 63 (according to the reference sequence of L. helmanni ) was followed by a GCC (alanine) tract of 3, 6, 7 or 8 copies (length variants A, B, C, D, respectively) ( Table 10). Most frequent was the variant B having (GCC) 6.

Besides, sequencing from genomic DNA revealed indels in the region coding for the C-terminal domain (length variants E, B1, F, G). As compared to the variant A, the variant G contained after position 465 a large 75-bp long deletion corresponding to the amino acid sequence KAAT AAAAAATSPAKSKPTKGAATK. The variant F (specimen Lp50) after the same position had a 30-bp deletion corresponding to the decapeptide KAATAAAAAA; in addition there was a duplication of a threonine codon ACC after position 504. The variants E and H differed from the variant B by insertions in the region coding for the C-terminal domain, GCCACC (coding for AT) after position 504 in the former and GCAGCC (AA) after position 486 in the latter. Several non-synonymous substitutions were found in the variant B family: G628T (A210S) in the variant B1, A101G (K34R) in B2, A467G (K156R) in B3. The variant C1 differed from the variant C by a non-synonymous substitution A112G (K38E) ( Table 11). Interestingly, such a diversity was found in the same population from Novosibirsk environs, where all analysed specimens were collected.