Marma sinuosa, Salgado & Ruiz, 2020

Salgado, Alexandre & Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., 2020, Taxonomic revision of Marma Simon, 1902 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini), Zootaxa 4899 (1), pp. 287-353 : 310-315

Marma sinuosa sp. nov.

Figures 20–24 , 57F , 58H

Etymology. The epithet is an adjective in Latin and refers to the shape of the process on the embolic disc ( Figs 20C , 22A , 23A , 57F ).

Diagnosis. Males of M. sinuosa sp. nov. are most similar to those of M. wesolowskae sp. nov., both with similar length of the embolic disc and PED ( Figs 20C , 22A , 23A , 30C , 32A , 33A , 57D, F ). However, they differ by having a sinuous PED ( Figs 20C , 22A , 23A , 57F ), which is straight in M. wesolowskae sp. nov. ( Figs 30C , 32A , 33A , 57D ). Also, M. sinuosa sp. nov. can be distinguished from all currently known Marma species by having the male palp with a thick RTA ( Figs 20D , 22B , 23 D–E), being narrow (finger-shaped) in the other species ( Figs 30D , 33E , 36D , 37B ), and by having the copulatory openings fused into a single median opening ( Figs 21E , 22G , 24A, C ).

Description. Male (Holotype, UFMG 13526). Total length: 2.96. Carapace 1.61 long, 1.04 wide, 0.85 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.78 long. Anterior eye row 1.08 wide, posterior 0.96 wide. Legs (3=4)12. Length of legs: I 2.49 (0.80 + 0.92 + 0.77); II 2.39 (0.77 + 0.90 + 0.72); III 3.10 (1.09 + 1.04 + 0.97); IV 3.10 (0.96 + 1.04 + 1.10).

Leg macrosetae: Femur I d1-1-1, p1di, r0; II–IV d1-1-1, p1di, r1di. Patella I–II 0; III–IV p0, r1. Tibia I p0 (or p0-1-0), r0, v1r-2-2; II p0-1-0, r0, v1r-1r-2; III p0-1-1-0, r0-1-1-0, v1p-0-0-2; IV p0-1-1-0, r1-1-1-0, v1p-0-0-2. Metatarsus I p1di, r0, v2-2: II p1-1, r1di, v2-2; III d1p-0-0, p1-0-2, r1-0-2, v2-0-2; IV p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v1p-0-2.

Color in alcohol ( Figs 20 A–B): cephalic area totally covered with scales; thoracic area with most concentration of scales in distal-central region; abdomen ventrally with thick longitudinal dark brown stripe; edge of thick dark stripe with pale circles; legs: femur I without dark marks, II with retrolateral surface with proximal and distal dark spot, III–IV with dark distal ring and proximal region with dark proventral spot; tibia I–II without dark marks, III with dark proximal ring, IV with dark proximal ring and distal region with prolateral and retrolateral dark spot; tarsus I almost black, II with black tip, III–IV with dark proximal ring.

Palp: RTA thick with narrow tip ( Figs 20D , 22B ); narrow embolic disc with straight prolateral border and sinuous retrolateral border ( Figs 20C , 22A ); PED sinuous ( Figs 22A, E , 23A ); base of embolus shaft large and bearing a prolateral lobe ( Figs 22C, E , 23C ); tip of embolus ends slightly beyond tip of PED ( Figs 22A, E ); cymbium with retrodorsal depression ( Figs 20D , 23D ).

Female (Paratype, IBSP 87545). Total length: 3.01. Carapace 1.63 long, 1.10 wide, 0.78 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.77 long. Anterior eye row 1.08 wide, posterior 0.98 wide. Legs 3412. Length of legs: I 2.35 (0.81 + 0.88 + 0.66); II 2.33 (0.81 + 0.85 + 0.67); III 3.19 (1.05 + 1.12 + 1.02); IV 3.18 (1.00 + 1.04 + 1.14).

Leg macrosetae: Femur I d1-1-1, p1di, r0; II d1-1-1, p1di, r1di; III d1-1-1, p1di, r0; IV d1-1-1, p0, r0. Patella I–II 0; III p0, r1; IV p0, r0 (r1). Tibia I p0-1-0, r0, v1r-2-2; II p0-1-0, r0, v1r-2-2 (or v1r-2-1r); III p0-1-1-0, r0-0-1-0 (or r0-1-1-0), v1p-0-0-1p (or v1p-0-0-2); IV p0-1-1-0, r0-1-1-0 (or r1-1-1-0), v0-1p-0-2. Metatarsus I p1di, r0, v2-2; II p1-1, r1di, v2-2; III d1p-0-0, p1-0-2, r1-0-2, v2-0-2; IV p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v1p-0-2.

Color in alcohol ( Figs 21 A–D): carapace as in male; abdomen ventrally pale; legs: femur I–II with dark distal ring and proximal region with prolateral and retrolateral dark spot, III–IV with dark distal ring and proximal region with dark proventral spot; tibia I–II with dark proximal ring and distal region with retrolateral and prolateral dark spot, III–IV with proximal and distal dark ring; tarsus I–II without dark marks, III–IV with dark proximal ring.

Epigyne ( Figs 21 E–F, 22F–G, 24A–F): copulatory openings fused into a single median opening aligned with plane of posterior surface of primary spermathecae; copulatory duct medium-sized, fused in their initial parts; proximal copulatory duct twice as long as distal section; primary spermathecae rounded, with narrow distal region.

Type material. Holotype ♁: BRAZIL: Pernambuco: Serra do Pará, Santa Cruz do Capibaribe , 07°52’29.2’’S, 36°24’10.06’’W, leg. F.M.G. Las-Casas, 26–28.I.2012 ( UFMG 13526 ).

Paratypes: BRAZIL: Sergipe: Canindé de S„o Francisco, Usina Hidrelétrica de Xingó [09°37’27.1”S, 37°47’51.8”W], leg. L. Ianuzzi et al., 4.III.2000 – 29.III.2001, 1♁ ( IBSP 123649 ), 1♀ ( IBSP 87545 ) .

Other material examined. BRAZIL: Pernambuco: Santa Cruz do Capibaribe , Serra do Pará, 07°52’29.2’’S, 36°24’10.06’’W, leg. F.M.G Las-Casas, 15.IX.2011 – 28.I.2012, 2♁ ( UFMG 13479 ) , 2♁ ( UFMG 13502 ) , 1♁ ( UFMG 13509 ) , 1♁ ( UFMG 13510 ) , 1♁ ( UFMG 13520 ) , 2♁ ( UFMG 13531 ) , 3♁ ( UFMG 13563 ) , 3♁ ( MPEG 37128 ) . Sergipe: Canindé de S„o Francisco, Usina Hidrelétrica de Xingó [09°37’27.1”S, 37°47’51.8”W], leg. L. Ianuzzi et al., 4.III.2000 – 1.III.2001, 1♀ ( IBSP 123648 ) , 1♀ ( IBSP 123650 ) .

Distribution. Known from the Brazilian states of Pernambuco and Sergipe ( Fig. 59B ).

Figures

FIGURE 20. Male holotype of Marma sinuosa sp. nov. (UFMG 13526). A–B habitus (A dorsal, B ventral); C–D left palp (C ventral; D retrolateral).

FIGURE 21. Female paratype of Marma sinuosa sp. nov. (IBSP 87545). A–D habitus (A carapace, dorsal; B abdomen, dorsal; C carapace, ventral; D abdomen, ventral); E–F cleared epigyne/vulva (E ventral; F dorsal).Abbreviations: BG—Bennett’s gland; cd—copulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; fd—fertilization duct; PS—Primary spermatheca; SS—secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 22. Marma sinuosa sp. nov. A–E left male palp (A ventral; B retrolateral; C proventral; D dorsal; E cleared bulb, ventral); F–G epigyne/vulva (F ventral; G cleared, ventral).Abbreviations: BG—Bennett’s gland; cc—cymbial conductor; cdcopulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; dh—distal hematodocha; e—embolus shaft; ed—embolic disc; fd—fertilization duct; PED—process on embolic disc; PS—primary spermatheca; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS—secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 23. Male of Marma sinuosa sp. nov. A–E left palp (A bulb, ventral; B bulb, dorsal; C dissected embolic disc and em- bolus, dorsal; D tibia and cymbium, retrolateral; E detail of RTA, retrolateral). Abbreviations: e—embolus shaft; ed—embolic disc; PED—process on embolic disc; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; st—subtegulum. White arrows in C show spikes of embolus shaft; black arrow in C shows groove.

FIGURE 24. Female of Marma sinuosa sp. nov. A–E epigyne/vulva (A ventral; B dorsal; C detail of copulatory ducts and copulatory opening, posterior view; D left primary spermatheca, dorsal; E right primary spermatheca, external lateral surface; F right secondary spermatheca, dorsal. Abbreviations: BG—Bennett’s gland; cd—copulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; fd—fertilization duct; PS—primary spermatheca; SS—secondary spermatheca. White arrow in D shows end region of primary spermatheca (broken fertilization duct).

FIGURE 30. Male holotype of Marma wesolowskae sp. nov. (MPEG 34355). A–B habitus (A dorsal, B ventral); C–D left palp (C ventral; D retrolateral).

FIGURE 32. Marma wesolowskae sp. nov. A–E left male palp (A ventral; B retrolateral; C proventral; D dorsal; E cleared bulb, ventral); F–G epigyne/vulva (F ventral; G cleared, ventral).Abbreviations: BG—Bennett’s gland; cc—cymbial conductor; cdcopulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; dh—distal hematodocha; e—embolus shaft; ed—embolic disc; fd—fertilization duct; PED—process on embolic disc; PS—primary spermatheca; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS—secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 33. Marma wesolowskae sp. nov. A–I left male palp [A ventral; B apical portion of palp, ventral; C tegular shoulder, ventral; D dissected embolic disc and embolus, dorsal; E patella and tibia, retrolateral; F tip of RTA, retrolateral; G detail of patella and tibia setae (blue rectangle in 33E); H detail of patella setae (red rectangle in 33E); I detail of smooth scale of tibia (yellow arrow in 33E]. J left spermatheca and copulatory duct, ventral. Abbreviations: cd—copulatory duct; e—embolus shaft; PED—process on embolic disc; PS—primary spermatheca; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS—secondary spermatheca. Black arrow in C shows depression of tegular shoulder; in D shows groove; white arrows in D show spikes of embolus shaft; in J shows end region of the primary spermatheca (broken fertilization duct).

FIGURE 36. Marma nigritarsis (Simon, 1900), specimens from Belém/Pará/Brasil. A–D male, MPEG 34357 (A habitus, dorsal; B ventral; C left palp, ventral; D retrolateral). E–F female, MPEG 34358 (E habitus, dorsal; F ventral).

FIGURE 37. Marma nigritarsis (Simon, 1900). A–E, G specimen from Belém/Pará/Brazil. F holotype illustrated by Galiano (1962), reflected.A–G left male palp (A ventral, B retrolateral, C proventral, D dorsal, E–F retroventral; G cleared bulb, ventral). H–I female holotype of M. trifidocarinata Caporiacco, 1947, epigyne/vulva (H ventral; I cleared, ventral).Abbreviations: BG— Bennett’s gland; cc—cymbial conductor; cd—copulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; dh—distal hematodocha; e—embolus shaft; ed—embolic disc; fd—fertilization duct; PED—process on embolic disc; PS—primary spermatheca; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS—secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 57. Left male palp, ventral [A Marma baeri Simon, 1902; B M. linae sp. nov.; C M. pipa sp. nov.; D M. wesolowskae sp. nov.; E M. nigritarsis (Simon, 1900); F M. sinuosa sp. nov., G M. argentina (Mello-Leit„o, 1941), H M. rosea (Mello- Leit„o, 1941), I M. spelunca sp. nov.]. Colors represent homologous structures.

FIGURE 58. Epigyne/vulva, A–C, E–K ventral, D dorsal [A Marma baeri Simon, 1902; B M. linae sp. nov.; C M. abaira sp. nov.; D M. femella (Caporiacco, 1955); E M. pipa sp. nov.; F M. wesolowskae sp. nov.; G M. nigritarsis (Simon, 1900); H M. sinuosa sp. nov.; I M. argentina (Mello-Leitão, 1941); J M. rosea (Mello-Leitão, 1941); K M. spelunca sp. nov.]. Colors represent homologous structures; arrow in D shows hypothetical position of secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 59. Maps of South America showing records of Marma species (A species previously described; B new species). Record from the state of Amazonas (Brazil) in Fig. 59A is taken from Zhang & Maddison (2015).