Euphaea sanguinea Kompier & Hayashi, 2018

Phan, Quoc Toan, Kompier, Tom, Karube, Haruki & Hayashi, Fumio, 2018, A synopsis of the Euphaeidae (Odonata: Zygoptera) of Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species of Euphaea, Zootaxa 4375 (2), pp. 151-190 : 172-174

Euphaea sanguinea Kompier & Hayashi , sp. nov.

( Fig. 17f–j )

Euphaea ochracea [nec. Selys 1859]: Do & Dang (2007), p. 36 [Records from Lam Dong and Dong Nai Provinces]. Euphaea ochracea ?ssp.: Kosterin (2016), p. 24–26, Fig. 25.

Holotype. ♂, Bao Loc , Lam Dong Prov. , 17.VI.2016, T. Kompier leg. Deposited at Zoological Collection of Systematic Zoology Institute in Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan ( TMUZ) .

Male paratypes. 1♂ the same location, date and collector as holotype ( TMUZ); 2♂, Bao Loc , Lam Dong Prov., 15–17. VI.1996, H. Karube leg. (KMP); 1♂, Bao Loc, Lam Dong Prov., 1.VI.2002, H. Karube leg. (KMP);

Other materials examined. 1♂, Nam Ka Nature Reserve, Dak Lak Prov. , 8.X.2017, Hoang Quang Duy leg. ( PQTC) .

Female paratype. 1♀, Bao Loc , Lam Dong Prov., 17.VI.2016, T. Kompier leg. ( TMUZ).

Etymology. The specific name “ sanguinea ” refers to the clear-cut red coloration of abdomen segments S2–6.

Description of holotype. Head ( Fig. 17h ). Labrum, postclypeus, anteclypeus, genae, base of mandibles, antennae, and dorsal surface of head all black. Compound eyes dark chestnut when alive.

Thorax ( Fig. 17f ). Prothorax black but middle lobe with a pair of orange marks. Synthorax with black mesepisternum with narrow but distinct orange dorsal stripe and antehumeral stripe. Mesepimeron black with distinct orange stripe over its center, slightly hooked downwards at its distal end. Metepisternum and metepimeron red, with black line over centers and covering metapleural suture. Mesinfraepisternum black with some red, metinfraepisternum red with black margin.

Legs black. Coxae and trochanters black.

Wings ( Fig. 17f ). Strongly colored reddish orange from base to proximal third of outer wing, thereafter gradually paler amber. Veins are similarly reddish turning amber, but largest veins dark. FW has 30 Ax and 42 Px, HW 26 Ax and 34 Px. Pterostigma dark brown, covering 7 cells.

Abdomen. Abdominal S2–6 bright red, ringed black at posterior margins, progressively more distinctly so distally; S7–10 black.

Genital ligula ( Fig. 17c ). Like E. ochracea . Vesicle coarsely grooved, similar to E. ochracea .

Anal appendages ( Fig. 17j ). Black, of usual type, with very short paraprocts in the form of small hooks and double lobed cerci. Cerci with two ventral lobes, the first of which has its proximal edge almost straight and perpendicular to cercus.

Measurements (in mm). HW 27; abdomen (incl. appendages) 32.

Variation in paratype males. Four paratypes show little morphological variation, excluding size; 26.5–28.5 mm in HW length and 32–33.5 mm in abdomen including appendages.

Description of paratype female. Head ( Fig. 17i ). Black, excluding the yellow markings on labrum, base of mandibles, frons at eye margins, and spots between base of antennae and lateral ocelli. Antennae black. Compound eyes brown.

Thorax ( Fig. 17g ). Anterior lobe of prothorax black with two small yellow dots; middle lobe largely black except for two lateral yellow markings; posterior lobe simple, its distal margin smoothly rounded and broadly yellowish; propleuron black with some yellow marking laterally. Synthorax black with yellow marking like male, but mesinfraepisternum yellow with some black, and metinfraepisternum yellow.

Legs dark grey, with a yellow stripe on each inner femur. Coxae and trochanters dark grey.

Wings ( Fig. 17g ). Weakly yellowish, particularly at basal part. Veins dark. FW 25 Ax and 32 Px, HW 19 Ax and 26 Px. Pterostigma brown, covering 7 cells.

Abdomen ( Fig. 17g ). Black, with lateral yellow stripes in two rows (lower one is shorter than upper one) across S1–6, but only a small anterior mark on S7 and no stripe on S8. S9 a posterolateral oval yellow spot. S10 and cerci black.

Ovipositor yellowish, but black on ventral valvula and stylus.

Measurements (in mm). HW 27.5; abdomen (incl. appendages) 28.5.

Remarks. Males of Euphaea sanguinea sp. nov. resemble those of E. ochracea , the geographic variability of which is complicated. Euphaea brunnea Selys, 1879 was described from specimens from Khasi Hills, Meghalay, NE India. Hämäläinen (2016, p. 26 note 41) discusses the uncertainty of the status of Euphaea brunnea and whether it qualifies as a subspecies of E. ochracea . Superficially, specimens from central and northern Thailand as well as northern Vietnam resemble brunnea better than ochracea (Hämäläinen in litt.). In view of the uncertainty of the validity of the taxon brunnea as a subspecies of Euphaea ochracea we refrain from the subspecific identification of the specimens of E. ochracea from Vietnam.

Males of Euphaea sanguinea can be distinguished by the cerci. These differ from those of Euphaea ochracea ( Fig. 17e ) by having a well-developed triangular ventral lobe at the base ( Fig. 17j ). Euphaea sanguinea also differs by the relatively narrow area of reddish orange in HW ( Fig. 17f ) compared to both topotypical material (which has wings almost completely unicolourous) and compared to material of E. ochracea from Vietnam ( Fig. 17a ) and by the clear-cut reddish pattern on S2–6 compared to the specimens of E. ochracea occurring in Laos and Vietnam, although topotypical material has distinctly redder abdomen, if not as clear-cut ( Fig. 17a, f ). Females of Euphaea sanguinea can be distinguished from those of E. ochracea by the pattern of their abdominal yellow markings with much wider stripes on S 1–6 in the former ( Fig. 17g ), but narrower stripes on S 1–7 in the latter species ( Fig. 17b ), although this is to some extent an age-dependant character and as such should be treated with care. Although Fraser (1934) and Asahina (1986) mention a yellow stripe across the antefrons for Euphaea ochracea , at least the specimens from Vietnam we were able to inspect have this stripe interrupted, although not as widely as in E. sanguinea ( Fig. 17d, i ). To some extent the width of the gap may also be age-dependant, but it appears that female Euphaea sanguinea generally has relatively less yellow marking on the frons. The structure of the prothorax appears to be similar for the females of both Euphaea sanguinea and E. ochracea .

Earlier, Kosterin (2016) provided photos of damselflies identified as ‘ Euphaea ochracea ’ from Mondulkiri Prov., Cambodia, and pointed out that the five collected female specimens had "entirely black postclypeus and the pale marking on the anteclypeus broadly interrupted." This was erroneous wording. Proper wording should have been "entirely black clypeus and pale marking on the antefrons broadly interrupted" (Kosterin, pers. comm.), which is in line with our own material from Vietnam. He put “?ssp.” after the species name to indicate that those specimen could represent an undescribed subspecies, but refrained from nominating the Cambodian specimens as a new taxon. The abdomen pattern of distinctly red S2–6 displayed in the photos of Cambodian ‘ Euphaea ochracea’ is identical to that of E. sanguinea sp. nov., and the same holds true of the HW coloration ( Fig. 17f in this paper and Fig. 25, p. 25 in Kosterin 2016). Therefore, it can be safely assumed that ‘ Euphaea ochracea’ from Cambodia in fact were E. sanguinea sp. nov.. According to M. Hämäläinen (in litt.) the specimens from Lam Dong (Bao Loc) and Dong Nai (Cat Tien National Park) recorded as Euphaea ochracea by Do & Dang (2007) also refer to E. sanguinea ; Hämäläinen himself has also collected specimens of Euphaea sanguinea from these provinces.

Distribution. Vietnam (Dak Lak, Lam Dong and Dong Nai Provinces), Cambodia (Mondulkiri Province) ( Kosterin 2016).

Figures

FIGURE 17. Euphaea spp. [17a–d] E. ochracea, Mang Den, Kon Tum & [17e], Penang, Malaysia; [17f–j] holotype (♂) and paratype (♀) of E. sanguinea sp. nov. (17a, f) male habitus; (17b, g) female habitus; (17c) genital ligula, ventral view; (17e, j) left cercus, interolateral view; (17h) male head in antero-dorsal view; (17d, i) female heads in antero-dorsal view. Scale bars in mm.