Carvalhoma parvum, Namyatova & Cassis, 2016

Namyatova, Anna A. & Cassis, Gerasimos, 2016, Revision of the staphylinoid and ground-dwelling genus Carvalhoma Slater & Gross (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) of Australia, European Journal of Taxonomy 253, pp. 1-27 : 12-15

Carvalhoma parvum sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:22E8AB43-51EB-4566-8B9C-278DC1A46314

Figs 1 , 4 , 9 , 11

Diagnosis

Recognised by the following combination of characters: head, pronotum, hemelytron and antennal segment I shiny and dark brown to black ( Fig. 1 ); body small, 1.5–1.6 in male and 1.9–2.2 in female; head elongate, ca 3.7–4.0× as long as pronotum width in male and 4.1–4.5× in female; pronotum laterally covered with dense wrinkles and setae at sides ( Fig. 2C ); antennal segment I short, ca 1.4–1.8× as long as vertex width in male and ca 1.3–1.4× in female.

Etymology

The specific epithet refers to the size of the males, which are smaller than its congeners; from the Latin “parvus”, meaning “small, minute, short”.

Distribution

Known from the southeastern part of Queensland and northeastern New South Wales ( Fig. 11 ).

Material examined

Holotype

AUSTRALIA: Ƌ, Queensland, Gold Creek Reservoir, site 1, 27.45883 ° S, 152.872 ° E, 140 m, 31 Mar. 2004 – 30 Apr. 2004, QM party (AMNH_PBI 00404481) ( QM).

Paratypes

AUSTRALIA: New South Wales: 2 ♀♀, NE slope of Little Mountain (just W of Karuah Rd), 32.6 ° S, 151.93333 ° E, 40 m, 4 Feb. 1993 – 9 Apr. 1993, M. Gray and G. Cassis (00043346, 00043324) ( AM). — Queensland: 1 Ƌ (00043506), 1 ♀ (00043507), Belmont Hills Bushlands, site 1, 27.51305 ° S, 153.11805 ° E, 80 m, 19 Feb. 2004, QM party ( QM); 1 Ƌ, same data, 1 Mar. 2004 – 31 Mar. 2004, QM party (00043508) ( QM); 1 ♀, Chelsea Road Bushlands Reserve, 27.47634 ° S, 153.1858 ° E, 15 m, 24 Feb. 2004, QM party (00043509) ( QM); 1 Ƌ, same data, 31 Mar. 2004 – 29 Apr. 2004, QM party (AMNH_PBI 00400914) ( QM); 1 Ƌ (00043503), 1 ♀ (00043504), same locality as holotype, 30 Jan. 2004 – 1 Mar. 2004, QM party ( QM); 1 ♀, same data, 1 Mar. 2004 – 29 Mar. 2004, QM party (00043505) ( QM); 1 ♀, same data, 31 Mar. 2004 – 30 Apr. 2004, QM party (AMNH_PBI 00404482) ( QM); 1 Ƌ, Illaweena Street, Drewvale, 27.63983 ° S, 153.0578 ° E, 40 m, 17 Apr. 2003, C.J. Burwell and S. Wright (AMNH_PBI 00400916) ( QM); 1 Ƌ, same data, 26 May 2003 – 1 Jul. 2003, QM party (AMNH_PBI 00400915) ( QM); 1 ♀, same data, 31 Mar. 2004 – 29 Apr. 2004, QM party (00043510) ( QM).

Description

Male

BODY LENGTH. 1.5–1.6.

COLOURATION ( Fig. 1 ). Mostly brown to dark brown, sometimes with reddish tinge, clypeus pale brown, labial segment I reddish brown to reddish, segments II–IV whitish yellow to yellow, segment IV brown apically; antennal segment II yellow, often reddish apically; fore- and middle coxae whitish yellow, often darkened basally; hind coxa the same colour as fore- and middle coxae or dark brown; femora reddish or dark brown, often whitish yellow basally, tibia whitish yellow, often darkened basally, tarsi whitish yellow to yellow.

SURFACE AND VESTITURE. Head and pronotum smooth and shiny, except for shagreened collar ( Fig. 1 ); pronotum laterally wrinkled ( Fig. 1 ); hemelytron shiny, with distinct punctures ( Figs 1 , 4E ), pleura entirely covered with short setae ( Fig. 4D ). Dorsum and abdomen clothed with long simple erect pale setae.

STRUCTURE AND MEASUREMENTS. Body ca 3.7–4.0× as long as pronotum width; frons protruding anteriad of eyes at distance subequal to at least half of eye diameter ( Fig. 1 , 4B ), head ca 1.8–2.4× as wide as long, vertex ca 1.1–1.4× as wide as eye diameter; head ca 1.0–1.1× as wide as high; antennal segment I ca 1.4– 1.8× as long as vertex width; segment II ca 4.1–4.9× longer than vertex width, and ca 2.5–2.9× longer than segment I; segment III slightly longer than segment I, segment IV slightly shorter than segment III; labial segments subequal in length ( Fig. 4H ); pronotum ca 1.2–1.3× as wide as long, ca 0.8–0.9× as wide as head, with single oval depression medially; metepisternum with distinct ridge ( Fig. 4D ); tarsal segment I almost twice as long as segment II, segment II slightly shorter than segment III ( Fig. 4L ).

GENITALIA ( Fig. 9 A–E). Right paramere without dorsal ridge, its outer margin concave, apex straight, not hooked; left paramere with ridge dorsally, its apex straight, not hooked, basal swelling rounded ( Fig. 9D ); theca mostly membranous, sclerotised only apically ( Fig. 9 A–B).

Female

BODY LENGTH. 1.9–2.2.

COLOURATION ( Fig. 1 ). Similar to male, but usually somewhat darker, colour of labial segments III–IV, coxae and tarsi varying from yellow to brown, tibiae whitish yellow to pale brown, often brown at extreme apex.

SURFACE AND VESTITURE. As in male.

STRUCTURE AND MEASUREMENTS. Body ca 4.1–4.5× longer than pronotum width; head ca 1.9–2.2 × wider than long, vertex ca 1.0–1.3× wider than eye diameter; head ca 1.1–1.3× wider than high; antennal segment I ca 1.3–1.4× longer than vertex width, segment II ca 3.1–3.7× longer than vertex width, and ca 2.2–2.5× longer than segment I, segment IV slightly longer than segment III; pronotum ca 1.2–1.3× wider than long, ca 0.8–0.9× wider than head; hind femur twice longer than head height.

GENITALIA. Dorsal labiate plate with elongate sclerite along outer margin; sclerotised ring elongate posteriorly, its dorsal portion ca 2.5–3× as long as wide ( Fig. 9F ); posterior wall of bursa copulatrix without small tubercles ( Fig. 9G ).

Differential diagnosis

Carvalhoma parvum sp. nov. is similar to C. malcolmae externally and in the dark brown colouration ( Figs 1–2 , 4–5 ), but the latter species differs in the following characters: larger body ( Figs 1–2 ), 2.25 in male and 2.3–2.8 in female, smooth lateral side of the pronotum, almost without wrinkles ( Fig. 2C ), lateral sides of the pronotum and pleura not densely setose ( Fig. 2C, K ), and relatively long antennal segment I, ca 2.0× as long as vertex width in male and ca 1.8–2.2× in female.

Figures

Fig. 1. Habitus of Carvalhoma species. Scale bar = 1 mm. When two specimens of the same species are shown, the male is on the left and the female on the right. C. ovatum sp. nov. shows the male holotype. C. taplini Slater & Gross, 1977 shows the female holotype.

Fig. 4. SEM images of C. parvum sp. nov. A. Head, anterior view, ♀. B. Head and pronotum, dorsal view, Ƌ. C. Head and pronotum, lateral view, Ƌ. D. Pleura, ♀. E. Scutellum and hemelytra, Ƌ. F. Scutellum and hemelytra, ♀. G. Fore- and middle femora, ♀. H. Labium, Ƌ. I. Hind tarsus, ♀. J. Hind femur, ♀. K. Genital segment, lateral view, Ƌ. L. Antenna, ♀. M. Pretarsus, Ƌ.

Fig. 9. Genitalia of C. parvum sp. nov. A. Aedeagus, left lateral view. B. Aedeagus, ventral view. C. Genital capsule. D. Right paramere. E. Left paramere. F. Dorsal labiate plate of bursa copulatrix. G. Posterior wall of bursa copulatrix. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (the large scale bar is for A–B and D–E, the small scale bar is for C and F–G).

Fig. 11. Distribution of Carvalhoma species.

Fig. 2. SEM images of C. malcolmae Slater & Gross, 1977. A. Head, anterior view, ♀. B. Head and pronotum, dorsal view, Ƌ. C. Head and pronotum, lateral view, ♀. D. Fore- and middle femora, Ƌ. E. Scutellum and hemelytra, ♀. F. Antenna, ♀. G. Hind femur, ♀. H. Labium, ♀. I. Hind tarsus, ♀. J. Abdomen, lateral view, Ƌ. K. Pleura, ♀. L. Pretarsus, ventral view, Ƌ.